[Federal Register: December 5, 2007 (Volume 72, Number 233)]
[Rules and Regulations]               
[Page 68699-68741]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr05de07-22]                         


[[Page 68699]]

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Part V





Department of Health and Human Services





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Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services



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42 CFR Parts 422 and 423



Medicare Program; Revisions to the Medicare Advantage and Part D 
Prescription Drug Contract Determinations, Appeals, and Intermediate 
Sanctions Processes; Final Rule


[[Page 68700]]


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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services

42 CFR Parts 422 and 423

[CMS-4124-FC]
RIN 0938-AO78

 
Medicare Program; Revisions to the Medicare Advantage and Part D 
Prescription Drug Contract Determinations, Appeals, and Intermediate 
Sanctions Processes

AGENCY: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), HHS.

ACTION: Final rule with comment period.

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SUMMARY: This rule with comment period finalizes the Medicare program 
provisions relating to contract determinations involving Medicare 
Advantage (MA) organizations and Medicare Part D prescription drug plan 
sponsors, including eliminating the reconsideration process for review 
of contract determinations, revising the provisions related to appeals 
of contract determinations, and clarifying the process for MA 
organizations and Part D plan sponsors to complete corrective action 
plans. In this final rule with comment period, we also clarify the 
intermediate sanction and civil money penalty (CMP) provisions that 
apply to MA organizations and Medicare Part D prescription drug plan 
sponsors, modify elements of their compliance plans, retain voluntary 
self-reporting for Part D sponsors and implement a voluntary self-
reporting recommendation for MA organizations, and revise provisions to 
ensure HHS has access to the books and records of MA organizations and 
Part D plan sponsors' first tier, downstream, and related entities. 
Although we have decided not to finalize the mandatory self-reporting 
provisions that we proposed, CMS remains committed to adopting a 
mandatory self-reporting requirement. To that end, we are requesting 
comments that will assist CMS in crafting a future proposed regulation 
for a mandatory self-reporting requirement.

DATES: Effective date: These regulations are effective on January 4, 
2008, except for the amendments to Sec. Sec.  422.503, 422.504, 
423.504, and 423.505, which are effective January 1, 2009.
    Comment Period: We will consider comments on the mandatory self-
reporting provisions discussed in section II of this final rule with 
comment period at the appropriate address, as provided below, no later 
than February 4, 2008.

ADDRESSES: In commenting, please refer to file code CMS-4124-FC. 
Because of staff and resource limitations, we cannot accept comments by 
facsimile (FAX) transmission.
    You may submit comments in one of four ways (no duplicates, 
please):
    1. Electronically. You may submit electronic comments on specific 
issues in this regulation to http://www.cms.hhs.gov/eRulemaking. Click 

on the link ``Submit electronic comments on CMS regulations with an 
open comment period.'' (Attachments should be in Microsoft Word, 
WordPerfect, or Excel; however, we prefer Microsoft Word.)
    2. By regular mail. You may mail written comments (one original and 
two copies) to the following address ONLY: Centers for Medicare & 
Medicaid Services, Department of Health and Human Services, Attention: 
CMS-4124-FC, P.O. Box 8020, Baltimore, MD 21244-8020.
    Please allow sufficient time for mailed comments to be received 
before the close of the comment period.
    3. By express or overnight mail. You may send written comments (one 
original and two copies) to the following address ONLY: Centers for 
Medicare & Medicaid Services, Department of Health and Human Services, 
Attention: CMS-4124-FC, Mail Stop C4-26-05, 7500 Security Boulevard, 
Baltimore, MD 21244-1850.
    4. By hand or courier. If you prefer, you may deliver (by hand or 
courier) your written comments (one original and two copies) before the 
close of the comment period to one of the following addresses. If you 
intend to deliver your comments to the Baltimore address, please call 
telephone number (410) 786-9994 in advance to schedule your arrival 
with one of our staff members.

Room 445-G, Hubert H. Humphrey Building, 200 Independence Avenue, SW., 
Washington, DC 20201; or
7500 Security Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21244-1850.

    (Because access to the interior of the HHH Building is not readily 
available to persons without Federal Government identification, 
commenters are encouraged to leave their comments in the CMS drop slots 
located in the main lobby of the building. A stamp-in clock is 
available for persons wishing to retain a proof of filing by stamping 
in and retaining an extra copy of the comments being filed.)
    Comments mailed to the addresses indicated as appropriate for hand 
or courier delivery may be delayed and received after the comment 
period.
    For information on viewing public comments, see the beginning of 
the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
    Christine Reinhard, (410) 786-2987.
    Kevin Stansbury, (410) 786-2570.
    Stephanie Kaisler, (410) 786-0957, for issues regarding voluntary 
self-reporting, access to records, and compliance.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
    Submitting Comments: We welcome comments from the public on 
mandatory self-reporting to assist us in fully considering issues and 
developing policies. You can assist us by referencing the file code 
CMS-4124-FC and ``self-reporting.''
    Inspection of Public Comments: All comments received before the 
close of the comment period are available for viewing by the public, 
including any personally identifiable or confidential business 
information that is included in a comment. We post all comments 
received before the close of the comment period on the following Web 
site as soon as possible after they have been received: http://www.cms.hhs.gov/eRulemaking.
 Click on the link ``Electronic Comments on 

CMS Regulations'' on that Web site to view public comments.
    Comments received timely will also be available for public 
inspection as they are received, generally beginning approximately 3 
weeks after publication of a document, at the headquarters of the 
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, 7500 Security Boulevard, 
Baltimore, Maryland 21244, Monday through Friday of each week from 8:30 
a.m. to 4 p.m. To schedule an appointment to view public comments, 
phone 1-800-743-3951.

Abbreviations

    Because of the many terms to which we refer by abbreviation in this 
final rule with comment period, we are listing these abbreviations and 
their corresponding terms in alphabetical order below:

ALJ Administrative Law Judge
BBA Balanced Budget Act of 1997
CAP Corrective Action Plan
CMP Civil Money Penalty
CMS Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
DAB Departmental Appeals Board
FWA Fraud, Waste, and Abuse
HHS U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
MA Medicare Advantage
MMA Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act 
of 2003
M+C Medicare + Choice
OIG Office of the Inspector General

[[Page 68701]]

PBM Pharmaceutical Benefit Manager
PDE Prescription Drug Event

I. Background

    On May 25, 2007, we published a proposed rule in the Federal 
Register (72 FR 29368, hereafter referred to as the proposed rule), 
setting forth the proposed provisions relating to contract 
determinations involving Medicare Advantage (MA) organizations and 
Medicare Part D prescription drug plan sponsors, intermediate sanction 
and civil money penalty (CMP) provisions, compliance plans, mandatory 
self-reporting, and provisions to ensure the Department of Health and 
Human Services (HHS) has access to the books and records of MA 
organizations and Part D plan sponsors' first tier, downstream, and 
related entities. In this final rule with comment period we are 
finalizing the majority of the provisions of the proposed rule, with 
some clarifications in response to public comments. At this time, we 
are not finalizing the proposed provision for mandatory self-reporting 
of potential fraud and abuse, but we intend to issue future rulemaking 
on this topic, as discussed below in section II.

A. Overview of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and 
Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA)

    The President signed the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, 
and Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA) (Pub. L. 108-173) into law on 
December 8, 2003. The MMA established the Medicare prescription drug 
benefit program and renamed the Medicare+Choice (M+C) program the 
Medicare Advantage (MA) program. In accordance with the MMA, we revised 
the existing Medicare regulations applicable to the MA program at 42 
CFR part 422 and published regulations governing the prescription drug 
benefit program at 42 CFR part 423.
    As we have gained more experience with MA organizations and Part D 
prescription drug plan sponsors, we proposed clarifications to the 
Medicare program provisions relating to contract determinations 
involving MA organizations and Medicare Part D prescription drug plan 
sponsors, including eliminating the reconsideration process for review 
of contract determinations; revising the provisions related to appeals 
of contract determinations and clarifying the process for MA 
organizations and Part D plan sponsors to complete corrective action 
plans. We proposed clarifications to the intermediate sanction and 
civil money penalty (CMP) provisions that apply to MA organizations and 
Medicare Part D prescription drug plan sponsors. We also proposed 
changes in both programs to clarify elements of the compliance plan 
requirements, such as training and education, and changes to clarify 
our access to the books and records of a MA organization or Part D 
sponsor's first tier, downstream, and related entities. Finally, we 
proposed a self-reporting requirement as part of both MA organization 
and Part D sponsor's compliance plans. We have decided at this time not 
to finalize the provision requiring mandatory self-reporting of 
potential fraud and misconduct. Until such time as such a provision is 
finalized, we have chosen to retain voluntary self-reporting for Part D 
sponsors and implement a recommendation for voluntary self-reporting 
for MA Organizations.

B. Relevant Legislative History and Overview

    The Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (BBA) (Pub. L. 105-33) established 
the M+C program. Under section 1851(a)(1) of the Social Security Act 
(the Act), every individual with Medicare Parts A and B, except for 
individuals with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), could elect to receive 
benefits either through the original Medicare program or an M+C plan, 
if one was offered where the beneficiary lived. The primary goal of the 
M+C program was to provide Medicare beneficiaries with a wider range of 
health plan choices.
    The Medicare, Medicaid, and State Children's Health Insurance 
Program (SCHIP) Balanced Budget Refinement Act of 1999 (BBRA) (Pub. L. 
106-113), amended the M+C provisions of the BBA. Further amendments 
were made to the M+C program by the Medicare, Medicaid, and SCHIP 
Benefits Improvement and Protection Act of 2000 (BIPA) (Pub. L. 106-
554), enacted December 21, 2000.
    The President signed the MMA into law on December 8, 2003. Title I 
of the MMA added new sections 1860D-1 through 1860D-42 to the Act 
creating the Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit program, a landmark 
change to the Medicare program since its inception in 1965.
    Sections 201 through 241 of Title II of the MMA made significant 
changes to the M+C program. As directed by Title II of the MMA, we 
renamed the M+C program the MA program. We also revised our regulations 
to include new payment and bidding provisions based largely on risk, to 
recognize the addition of regional Preferred Provider Organization 
(PPO) plans, to address the provision of prescription drug benefits 
under the Medicare Part D regulations, and to make other changes.
    The MMA, at section 1860D-12(b)(3) of the Act, directed that 
specific aspects of the MA contracting requirements apply to the 
prescription drug plan benefit program. Consequently, the processes for 
contract determinations and the administrative appeal rights in the two 
programs are virtually identical.
    We published the regulations implementing the MA and prescription 
drug benefit regulations separately, though their development and 
publication were closely coordinated. On August 3, 2004, we published 
proposed rules for the MA program (69 FR 46866) and prescription drug 
benefit program (69 FR 46632). The final regulations implementing both 
the MA and prescription drug programs were published on January 28, 
2005 (70 FR 4588 and 70 FR 4194, respectively). We revised some of our 
proposed provisions in the final rules in response to public comments. 
For further discussion of the revisions we made to our proposed rules, 
see the final rules cited above. We have not issued previous guidance, 
other than regulatory requirements regarding contract determinations, 
corrective action plans, contract determination appeals, intermediate 
sanctions, or CMPs. However, we have published guidance on how to 
develop an effective fraud, waste and abuse (FWA) prevention program. 
This guidance is found in Chapter 9 of the Prescription Drug Benefit 
Manual entitled ``Part D Program to Control Fraud, Waste and Abuse.'' 
This rule makes further revisions to the MA and prescription drug 
regulations.

II. Summary of the Provisions of the Proposed Rule and Analysis of and 
Response to Public Comments

    In response to the publication of the May 25, 2007 proposed rule, 
we received 58 timely items of correspondence from the public. We 
received numerous comments from various trade associations and health 
insurance providers. Comments also originated from other providers, 
suppliers, and practitioners, health care consulting firms, and private 
citizens.
    Brief summaries of each proposed provision, a summary of the public 
comments we received (with the exception of specific comments on the 
paperwork burden or the impact analysis), and our responses to the 
comments are set forth below. Comments related to the paperwork burden 
and the impact analysis are addressed in the Collection of Information 
and Impact Analysis Sections in this preamble.

[[Page 68702]]

A. General Comments on the Proposed Rule

    Comment: We received a question related to the applicability of the 
Part 423 provisions to Medicare cost contractors who offer Part D 
plans.
    Response: Cost plans, per 42 CFR 417.440(b)(2)(ii), which offer a 
Part D prescription drug program as an optional supplemental benefit, 
must offer the benefits ``in accordance with applicable requirements 
under Part 423.'' The current proposed revisions do not change the 
existing regulations. Therefore, the Part 423 regulations would 
continue to apply to cost plans just as they have prior to the 
publication of this rule.

B. Proposed Changes to the Medicare Advantage Program and the 
Prescription Drug Benefit Program

    Our experience involving contract determinations, appeals, 
intermediate sanctions, and CMPs since the enactment of the BBA of 1997 
led us to propose changes to our regulations. In the proposed rule, we 
proposed to simplify the procedures for contract determinations; to 
clarify the procedures regarding submission and review of corrective 
action plans; to clarify the procedures for imposition of intermediate 
sanctions and CMPs; and to clarify the procedures to appeal CMPs 
imposed under the MA and Part D programs.
    In addition, we proposed revisions to the appeal procedures for all 
types of contract determinations, which would make these procedures 
identical for decisions not to contract, nonrenewals, and terminations. 
We proposed to provide for enhanced beneficiary protections when we 
decide to terminate a plan on an expedited basis.
    In the proposed rule, we also proposed changes and clarifications 
to Subpart K, contract requirements under the MA and Part D programs. 
We proposed changes to clarify HHS' access to the books and records of 
a MA organization or Part D sponsor's first tier, downstream, and 
related entities. We also proposed changes to clarify that certain 
elements of the compliance plan apply to first tier, downstream, and 
related entities. We also proposed mandatory self-reporting in both the 
MA and Part D programs, but we are not finalizing the provision at this 
time.
    Below, we set forth the final regulatory changes, and corresponding 
final implementation dates:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                        Implementation
                  Regulation change                          date
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Incorporation of Fraud, Waste, and Abuse Prevention             1/1/2009
 Measures into Compliance Plan......................
Requirement to apply Compliance Plan's training and             1/1/2009
 communication requirements to first tier,
 downstream, and related entities...................
Voluntary procedures for MA organizations for self-             1/1/2009
 reporting potential fraud and misconduct...........
Requirement to obtain access to Part D sponsor's                1/1/2009
 first tier, downstream, and related entity's books
 and records through contractual arrangements.......
Elimination of CMS' requirement to inform                       1/4/2008
 organization of renewal............................
Change date of CMS' notification of non-renewal from            1/4/2008
 May 1 to August 1..................................
Provide for same administrative appeal rights                   1/4/2008
 (including Corrective Action Plans (CAPs)) for all
 contract determinations (non-renewal, expedited
 termination, termination)..........................
Change regarding CAP process may be provided prior              1/4/2008
 to notification of termination, and the imposition
 of time limits on Corrective Action Plans..........
Change immediate termination to expedited                       1/4/2008
 termination with CMS setting the effective date of
 termination........................................
Elimination of Reconsideration Step for contract                1/4/2008
 determination appeals..............................
Implementation of Burden of Proof for contract                  1/4/2008
 determinations.....................................
Ability for a hearing officer to issue summary                  1/4/2008
 judgment...........................................
Request for Administrator review, submission of                 1/4/2008
 information, and timeframe associated with
 Administrator review...............................
Settlement of Civil Money Penalties.................            1/4/2008
Appeal procedures for Civil Money Penalties.........            1/4/2008
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    We did not receive any comments on the implementation dates we 
proposed and are generally finalizing the implementation dates as we 
proposed, with minor modification to reflect that certain provisions 
will be effective on January 4, 2008. However, since we are not 
implementing the proposed mandatory self-reporting requirement at this 
time, we have only included a reference to an implementation date for 
the voluntary self-reporting recommendation for MA organizations in the 
above chart. We are retaining the existing voluntary self-reporting 
recommendation for Part D sponsors so that recommendation is currently 
in effect and will remain in effect in the future.

C. Distribution Table

    The following crosswalk table references the changes we are making 
to the prescription drug and the MA programs. We proposed making the 
same changes to 42 CFR parts 422 and 423 with minimal differences. The 
crosswalk lists the section headings, for parts 422 and 423, and 
indicates if the section is being deleted.

                            Table 1.--Crosswalk of Part 422 and Part 423 CFR Sections
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                      Section references in
                  Section heading                           part 422            Section references in part 423
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Definitions.......................................  422.2...................  423.4
Compliance Plan...................................  422.503(b)(4)(vi).......  423.504(b)(4)(vi)
Access to Facilities and Records..................  422.504(e) and            423.505(e)
                                                     422.503(d)(2)(iii).
Contract Provisions...............................  422.504(i)..............  423.505(i)
Effective Date and Term of Contract...............  422.505.................  423.506
Non-renewal of contract...........................  422.506.................  423.507

[[Page 68703]]


Termination of contract by CMS....................  422.510.................  423.509
Notice of contract determination..................  422.644.................  423.642
Effect of contract determination..................  422.646.................  423.643
Reconsideration: applicability....................  422.648 (delete)........  423.644 (delete)
Request for reconsideration.......................  422.650 (delete)........  423.645 (delete)
Opportunity to submit evidence....................  422.652 (delete)........  423.646 (delete)
Reconsidered determination........................  422.654 (delete)........  423.647 (delete)
Notice of reconsidered determination..............  422.656 (delete)........  423.648 (delete)
Effect of reconsidered determination..............  422.658 (delete)........  423.649 (delete)
Right to a hearing and burden of proof............  422.660.................  423.650
Request for hearing...............................  422.662.................  423.651
Postponement of effective date of a contract        422.664.................  423.652
 determination when a request for a hearing with
 respect to a contract determination is filed
 timely.
Time and Place of Hearing.........................  422.670.................  423.655
Discovery.........................................  422.682.................  423.661
Prehearing and Summary Judgment...................  422.684.................  423.662
Review by the Administrator.......................  422.692.................  423.666
Reopening of initial contract determination or      422.696.................  423.668
 intermediate sanction or decision of a hearing
 officer or the Administrator.
Effect of revised determination...................  422.698 (delete)........  423.669 (delete)
Types of intermediate sanctions and civil money     422.750.................  423.750
 penalties.
Basis for imposing intermediate sanctions and       422.752.................  423.752
 civil money penalties.
Procedures for imposing intermediate sanctions and  422.756.................  423.756
 civil money penalties.
Collection of civil money penalty imposed by CMS..  422.758.................  423.758
Determinations regarding the amount of civil money  422.760.................  423.760
 penalties and assessment imposed by CMS.
Settlement of penalties...........................  422.762.................  423.762
Other applicable provisions.......................  422.764.................  423.764
Basis and scope...................................  422.1000................  423.1000
Definitions.......................................  422.1002................  423.1002
Scope and applicability...........................  422.1004................  423.1004
Appeal rights.....................................  422.1006................  423.1006
Appointment of representatives....................  422.1008................  423.1008
Authority of representatives......................  422.1010................  423.1010
Fees for services of representatives..............  422.1012................  423.1012
Charge for transcripts............................  422.1014................  423.1014
Filing of briefs with the Administrative Law Judge  422.1016................  423.1016
 or Departmental Appeals Board, and opportunity
 for rebuttal.
Notice and effect of initial determinations.......  422.1018................  423.1018
Request for hearing...............................  422.1020................  423.1020
Parties to the hearing............................  422.1022................  423.1022
Designation of hearing official...................  422.1024................  423.1024
Disqualification of Administrative Law Judge......  422.1026................  423.1026
Prehearing conference.............................  422.1028................  423.1028
Notice of prehearing conference...................  422.1030................  423.1030
Conduct of prehearing conference..................  422.1032................  423.1032
Record, order, and effect of prehearing conference  422.1034................  423.1034
Time and place of hearing.........................  422.1036................  423.1036
Change in time and place of hearing...............  422.1038................  423.1038
Joint hearing.....................................  422.1040................  423.1040
Hearing on new issues.............................  422.1042................  423.1042
Subpoenas.........................................  422.1044................  423.1044
Conduct of hearing................................  422.1046................  423.1046
Evidence..........................................  422.1048................  423.1048
Witnesses.........................................  422.1050................  423.1050
Oral and written summation........................  422.1052................  423.1052
Record of hearing.................................  422.1054................  423.1054
Waiver of right to appear and present evidence....  422.1056................  423.1056
Dismissal of request for hearing..................  422.1058................  423.1058
Dismissal for abandonment.........................  422.1060................  423.1060
Dismissal for cause...............................  422.1062................  423.1062
Notice and effect of dismissal and right to         422.1064................  423.1064
 request review.
Vacating a dismissal of request for hearing.......  422.1066................  423.1066
Administrative Law Judge's decision...............  422.1068................  423.1068
Removal of hearing to Departmental Appeals Board..  422.1070................  423.1070
Remand by the Administrative Law Judge............  422.1072................  423.1072
Right to request Departmental Appeals Board review  422.1074................  423.1074
 of Administrative Law Judge's decision or
 dismissal.
Request for Departmental Appeals Board review.....  422.1076................  423.1076
Departmental Appeals Board action on request for    422.1078................  423.1078
 review.
Procedures before Departmental Appeals Board on     422.1080................  423.1080
 review.

[[Page 68704]]


Evidence admissible on review.....................  422.1082................  423.1082
Decision or remand by the Departmental Appeals      422.1084................  423.1084
 Board.
Effect of Departmental Appeals Board decision.....  422.1086................  423.1086
Extension of time for seeking judicial review.....  422.1088................  423.1088
Basis, timing, and authority for reopening an       422.1090................  423.1090
 Administrative Law Judge or Board decision.
Revision of reopened decision.....................  422.1092................  423.1092
Notice and effect of revised decision.............  422.1094................  423.1094
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    We did not receive any comments on the crosswalk distribution table 
and have made no substantial changes to it. We are finalizing the table 
as proposed.

D. Proposed Changes to Part 422--Medicare Advantage Program and Part 
423--Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit Program

Sections 422.2 and 423.4--Definitions
    We proposed to correct a technical oversight in both regulations by 
including the definitions of ``downstream entity,'' ``first tier 
entity,'' and ``related entity,'' in the overall definitions sections 
of both the MA and Part D regulations at Sec.  422.2 and Sec.  423.4 to 
ensure that these terms are used consistently throughout both programs. 
Since these three terms are only defined in Subpart K of parts 422 and 
423, we proposed to add them to Subpart A, General Provisions at Sec.  
422.2 and Sec.  423.4.
    Please see page 29372 of the proposed rule for a flow chart that 
provides examples of, and describes the relationships between, Part D 
sponsors, and first tier, downstream, and related entities.
    Comment: A few commenters requested more explicit definitions of 
first tier, downstream, and related entities. They asked us to provide 
clarification for the terms record retention, administrative services, 
written arrangements, acceptable to CMS, CMS instructions, and 
directors. We also received a request that we clarify the phrase ``a 
written agreement, acceptable to CMS,'' found in the definition of 
``downstream entity,'' and a request that we clarify which entities are 
involved in such an arrangement.
    Response: The terms ``first tier entity,'' ``downstream entity,'' 
and ``related entity'' are already defined in Subpart K of parts 422 
and 423, and we are only including them in Subpart A, General 
Provisions at Sec.  422.2 and Sec.  423.4 for clarity, since these 
terms were originally defined in only Subpart K. Examples of downstream 
entities include, but are not limited to, pharmacy benefit managers, 
mail order pharmacies, retail pharmacies, firms providing agent/broker 
services, agents, brokers, marketing firms, and call center firms. We 
are neither providing definitions nor clarifications for the terms 
``record retention,'' ``administrative services,'' ``written 
arrangements,'' ``acceptable to CMS,'' ``CMS instructions,'' or 
``directors,'' since these terms are longstanding terms used by us and 
the industry. We are finalizing the definitions of ``first tier 
entity'' and ``related entity'' as proposed.
    Based upon an unintentional oversight in the proposed regulation, 
we are revising the definition of ``downstream entity'' for improved 
clarity, as described below. The definition of a Part D ``downstream 
entity'' at Sec.  423.4 states that a ``[d]ownstream entity means any 
party that enters into a written arrangement acceptable to CMS, below 
the level of the arrangement between a Part D plan sponsor (or 
applicant) and a first tier entity.'' In response to this comment, we 
are modifying the proposed definition to address with whom the entity 
is entering into a written arrangement. The definition is revised to 
read: ``Downstream entity means any party that enters into a written 
arrangement, acceptable to CMS, with persons or entities involved with 
the Part D benefit, below the level of the arrangement between a Part D 
plan sponsor (or applicant) and a first tier entity. These written 
arrangements continue down to the level of the ultimate provider of 
both health and administrative services.'' We are making similar 
changes to the definition of ``downstream entity'' in the MA regulation 
at Sec.  422.2.
    Comment: One commenter questioned whether a pharmacist is a 
downstream entity.
    Response: As illustrated in the sample flowchart provided on p. 
29372 of the proposed rule, and below, a pharmacist would be considered 
a downstream entity as defined in the regulation.

[[Page 68705]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR05DE07.014

Sections 422.503 and 423.504--General Provisions
    The current regulations at Sec.  423.504 include a requirement that 
a Part D sponsor's compliance plan consist of training and education, 
and effective lines of communication between the compliance officer, 
and the organization's employees, contractors, agents, directors, and 
managers. The terms ``contractor'' and ``agent'' are not defined in the 
current regulations, and it has been unclear to the industry which 
entities are subject to the training and education, and the effective 
lines of communication requirements. In response to industry concerns 
and to eliminate the confusion associated with using the term 
``contractor'', currently used in those sections, we proposed to revise 
paragraphs (b)(4)(vi)(C) and (b)(4)(vi)(D) of Sec.  423.504. The 
proposed revision clarified that a compliance plan must consist of 
training and education, and effective lines of communication between 
the compliance officer and the Part D sponsor's employees, managers, 
and directors, as well as the Part D sponsor's ``first tier, 
downstream, and related entities'' which are defined at 422.500 and 
423.501. This change clarifies that Part D plan sponsors need to apply 
these training and communication requirements to all entities they are 
partnering with to provide benefits or services in the Part D program, 
not just to their direct employees within their organizations.
    Pursuant to our authority under Sec.  1856(b)(1) of the Act to 
establish MA standards by regulation, we also proposed to make the same 
changes in the MA program. We similarly proposed to require MA 
organizations to apply their training and education and effective lines 
of communication requirements to their first tier, downstream, and 
related entities, in an effort to make the compliance plan requirements 
uniform across MA organizations, Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug 
Plans (MA-PDs), and other Part D sponsors. Additionally, we proposed 
clarifying paragraph (b)(4)(vi) in Sec.  422.503 and Sec.  423.504 by 
removing what we believe to be a duplicative and confusing ``final 
element'' of the compliance plan--a comprehensive ``fraud, waste, and 
abuse plan to detect, correct, and prevent fraud, waste, and abuse,'' 
at paragraph (b)(4)(vi)(H) of both regulations. We proposed to remove 
this element because since the Part D program's inception, we received 
feedback from many Part D sponsors indicating that it was not clear 
whether we were requiring a fraud, waste, and abuse (FWA) plan separate 
and distinct from a compliance plan.
    In April 2006, we issued Chapter 9 of the Prescription Drug Benefit 
Manual (``Part D Program to Control Fraud, Waste and Abuse,'' hereafter 
referred to as ``Chapter 9'') as best practices guidance for Part D 
sponsors to develop an FWA plan. We intend for Chapter 9 to be similar 
to the type of best practices guidance issued by the Office of the 
Inspector General (OIG) in its Compliance Program Guidance for drug 
manufacturers and health care providers. While we clarified in Chapter 
9 that Part D sponsors could choose whether to incorporate FWA measures 
in a compliance plan, we believe the final element continues to cause 
potential confusion to the industry, and therefore, proposed to remove 
this element from (b)(4)(vi) of Sec.  422.503 (for MA-PDs) and Sec.  
423.504 (for Part D sponsors).
    We continue to believe an effective compliance plan includes 
procedures and policies for preventing fraud, waste, and abuse, and so 
proposed changes to the introductory clause of Sec.  423.504(b)(4)(vi) 
that reflect our policy stance. Congress mandated that Part D sponsors 
have a ``program to control fraud, waste, and abuse.'' See Sec.  1860D-
4(c)(1)(D) of the Act. Therefore, we are also clarifying that if Part D 
plan sponsors develop an effective compliance plan that incorporates 
measures to detect, prevent, and correct fraud, waste, and abuse, this 
compliance plan would also satisfy the statutory requirement that 
sponsors have a FWA plan in place. Part D sponsors should continue to 
look to Chapter 9 as recommended guidance for the types of measures we 
recommend in detecting and preventing fraud, waste, and abuse. Chapter 
9 can be viewed at: http://www.cms.gov/PrescriptionDrugCovContra/Downloads/PDBManual_Chapter9_FWA.pdf
.

    We recognize that Chapter 9 was specifically developed for Part D 
sponsors and is not applicable for MA organizations that do not offer a 
prescription drug benefit. In the interim,

[[Page 68706]]

MA organizations should refer to Chapter 9 as a reference regarding how 
to incorporate fraud, waste, and abuse detection and prevention into 
their compliance plans. We plan to develop separate guidelines for MA 
organizations for implementation by January 1, 2009.
    Pursuant to our authority under section 1856(b)(1) of the Act, we 
also proposed to make the same change to the introductory clause of 
Sec.  422.503(b)(4)(vi), so that the compliance plan requirements for 
MA organizations will be identical to those for Part D sponsors. We 
proposed that MA organizations must include ``measures to detect, 
correct, and prevent fraud, waste, and abuse'' throughout the 7 
elements of the compliance plan requirement. Before this proposed 
change, only MA-PDs were explicitly required to include detection and 
prevention of fraud, waste, and abuse into their compliance plans. 
However, it has always been our expectation that fraud, waste, and 
abuse would be addressed through the implementation of all 7 elements 
in a MA organization's compliance plan, enumerated at paragraphs (A) 
through (G) of Sec.  422.504(b)(4)(vi). It has been our longstanding 
policy that an effective MA compliance plan addresses the detection, 
correction, and prevention of fraud, waste, and abuse in the MA 
program, and we believe that our proposed change makes this policy 
explicit in our regulations. As previously stated in this final rule 
with comment period, MA organizations may refer to Chapter 9 in the 
interim, and further guidance on the types of measures we recommend in 
detecting and preventing fraud, waste, and abuse will be developed 
specifically for MA organizations.
    Comment: A number of respondents requested further clarification 
regarding who must provide training and education under the compliance 
plan and who must be trained and educated.
    Response: We did not intend to imply that MA organizations and Part 
D sponsors are required to directly provide Part D compliance training 
and education to all of their first tier, downstream, and related 
entities. Instead, we seek to reaffirm the role and responsibilities of 
the MA organization and Part D sponsor in this area. To the extent that 
aspects of the compliance plan are delegated, it is important to 
remember that the MA organization's or Part D sponsor's compliance 
officer must maintain appropriate oversight of those delegated 
activities. The Part D sponsor and the MA organization maintain 
ultimate responsibility regardless of whether training has been 
delegated to the first tier, downstream, or related entities. In 
accordance with the Part D and MA applications, the Part D sponsor or 
MA organization must attest it will implement a compliance plan that 
includes effective training and education between the compliance 
officer, organization employees, contractors, agents and directors. In 
addition, as part of plan audits, CMS will verify that all necessary 
training has been provided. Therefore, CMS would expect that a Part D 
sponsor and MA organization would have training logs and copies of 
attestations from the first tier, downstream or related entities to 
comply with this requirement. As previously stated in this final rule 
with comment period, MA organizations may refer to Chapter 9 in the 
interim, and further guidance will be developed for MA organizations.
    Comment: A few commenters questioned ``who would be responsible'' 
for implementing the compliance program's fraud, waste, and abuse 
detection and prevention efforts related to Part D.
    Response: The MA organization or Part D sponsor is ultimately 
responsible for meeting the compliance plan requirement to implement 
measures for detecting and preventing fraud, waste, and abuse. However, 
we realize that each MA organization and Part D sponsor has a unique 
business model and structure, and that some will choose to perform 
certain functions themselves while some MA organizations and Part D 
sponsors will subcontract certain functions and rely on the expertise 
and operations that first tier, downstream, and related entities offer. 
The job of the compliance officer cannot be delegated. But MA 
organizations and Part D sponsors have the flexibility to determine 
how, and to what extent, they will delegate their compliance 
activities, which may include training and education to control fraud, 
waste, and abuse. MA organizations and Part D sponsors have the 
flexibility to determine how and to what extent they will delegate 
other aspects of their contractual requirements. To the extent that any 
compliance activities are delegated to first tier, downstream, and 
related entities, MA organizations and Part D sponsors are ultimately 
responsible for compliance plan oversight, including monitoring 
training and education, and complying with all statutory and regulatory 
requirements, as well as any additional guidance identified by us. One 
option MA organizations and Part D sponsors may choose is to 
contractually require their first tier, downstream, and related 
entities to train their own workforce on delegated activities and 
establish lines of communication to the appropriate managers in those 
entities. We recommend that Part D sponsors review chapter 9 of the 
Prescription Drug Benefit Manual for further guidance regarding 
accountability and oversight of first tier, downstream, and related 
entities. As previously stated in this final rule with comment period, 
MA organizations may refer to Chapter 9 in the interim, and further 
guidance will be developed specifically for MA organizations.
    MA organizations and Part D sponsors should consider requiring that 
any first tier, downstream, and related entities performing activities 
on behalf of the MA organization or Part D sponsor, provide their own 
training in accordance with Sec.  422.504(b)(4)(vi)(C) or Sec.  
423.504(b)(4)(vi)(C) respectively, or where there are sufficient 
organizational similarities, the MA organization or sponsor may choose 
to make its training programs available to these entities. This will 
allow the first tier, downstream, and related entities the choice of 
accessing the MA organization or Part D sponsor's training and 
education materials, or providing proof to them of their compliance 
with the training and education requirement. For further guidance, 
please refer to chapter 9 of the Prescription Drug Benefit Manual.
    Employees with specific responsibilities in Medicare Part D 
business areas should receive specialized training on issues posing 
compliance risks based on their job function (for example, pharmacist, 
statistician, and so on), upon initial hire, when requirements change, 
or when an employee works in an area previously found to be 
noncompliant with program requirements or associated with past 
misconduct. Such training should also be required at least annually 
thereafter as a condition of employment. Specialized training content 
may be developed by the sponsor or employees may attend professional 
education courses that help meet this objective. Further discussion 
related to this subject may be found in Chapter 9.
    In Chapter 9, we discuss how delegation of training would be 
applicable, if deemed appropriate by the sponsor, for General 
Compliance Training and Specialized Compliance Training. We did not 
make any changes to our proposed provisions as a result of this 
comment.
    Comment: We received some comments suggesting that we should work 
with the industry to develop a

[[Page 68707]]

standardized training and communication plan applicable to all 
stakeholders, and make it available on the internet. This way, 
stakeholders would receive one comprehensive training and communication 
package.
    Response: We believe this to be a valuable suggestion, and we will 
take it under consideration.
    Comment: Some commenters requested that we conduct certifications 
to verify that training and education had been completed for Part D 
plans and their first tier, downstream, and related entities.
    Response: At this time, we do not require a certification process 
but rather, through our audit and review process, will determine 
whether or not the training and education requirements were fulfilled. 
We hold the Part D sponsor or MA organization responsible for 
fulfilling this requirement regardless of whether first tier, 
downstream, and related entities certify to that effect. We may revisit 
the idea of certification in the future.
    Comment: One respondent questioned who downstream entities should 
contact with ``compliance concerns.''
    Response: We have contracted with program integrity contractors who 
will use innovative techniques to monitor and analyze data to help 
identify and prevent fraud, waste, and abuse. Any person or entity at a 
first tier, downstream, or related entity level that wishes to report 
potential fraud or misconduct may contact a program integrity 
contractor and/or the MA organization or the Part D sponsor, depending 
on the type of violation.
    Comment: Another respondent questioned who would be responsible for 
reporting potential prescription drug fraud.
    Response: The Part D sponsor or MA organization maintains ultimate 
responsibility regardless of whether oversight duties have been 
delegated. To the extent that any of the compliance activities for 
Parts C or D are delegated, it is important that the MA or Part D 
compliance officer maintain appropriate oversight of those duties that 
have been delegated. The compliance officer is responsible for 
determining whether voluntary self-reporting of any potential fraud or 
misconduct related to the MA or Part D program is appropriate. In 
addition, first tier, downstream, and related entities are encouraged 
to report fraud, waste, or abuse to the program integrity contractor 
and/or the MA organization or the Part D sponsor.
Sections 422.503(b)(4)(vi)(G)(3) and 423.504(b)(4)(vi)(G)(3)--Mandatory 
Self-Reporting
    At Sec.  422.503(b)(4)(vi)(G)(3) and Sec.  423.504(b)(4)(vi)(G)(3), 
we proposed mandatory self-reporting of potential fraud or misconduct 
in both the MA and Part D programs. We believe that it is important for 
the government to have information on potential fraud or misconduct as 
soon as possible. The comments we received on the May 25, 2007, 
proposed rule highlighted the challenges in establishing the parameters 
of a mandatory self-reporting process in the context of MA and PDP 
plans. Commenters expressed several concerns during the public comment 
period, including the need for us to better define what constitutes 
``potential'' fraud and misconduct, the process for reporting, and the 
need to be consistent with other agencies' guidance regarding self-
reporting. After reviewing these comments, we determined that 
additional analysis needs to be undertaken and additional information 
sought before implementing a mandatory self-reporting requirement.
    In the meantime, we believe that self-reporting is a valuable 
component of an MA organization's or Part D sponsor's compliance plan. 
Therefore, in an effort to make the compliance plan requirements 
uniform across MA organizations, Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug 
Plans (MA-PDs), and other Part D sponsors, we will amend proposed 
paragraph (b)(4)(vi)(G)(3) of both Sec. Sec.  422.503 and 423.504 to 
read: A MA organization or Part D sponsor ``should have procedures for 
voluntary self-reporting of potential fraud or misconduct * * *.'' We 
are essentially retaining the voluntary self-reporting recommendation 
for Part D sponsors, but merely moving it within the regulatory text to 
accommodate other regulatory changes we are making, and implementing a 
voluntary self-reporting recommendation for MA organizations. We are 
strongly recommending that, if after conducting a reasonable inquiry, 
it is determined that potential fraud or misconduct has occurred, the 
conduct should be promptly referred to the program integrity contractor 
for further investigation. While we are not requiring mandatory self-
reporting in this final rule with comment period, there may be 
instances under federal criminal and fraud and abuse statutes where MA 
organizations and Part D sponsors are potentially subject to 
prosecution if certain issues are not properly addressed. We further 
note that our decision not to amend the existing MA and PDP 
requirements further at this time does not mean that organizations may 
not be liable under other Federal laws or regulations if they fail to 
disclose a violation they have discovered.
    We wish to call attention to the existing guidance we provide on 
self-reporting. Key documents include Chapter 9 of the Prescription 
Drug Benefit Manual, concerning fraud, waste, and abuse (at http://www.cms.hhs.gov/PrescriptionDrugCovContra/Downloads/PDBManual_Chapter9_FWA.pdf
) and the Medicare Part D Reporting Requirements for 

Contract Year 2007 (at http://www.cms.hhs.gov/PrescriptionDrugCovContra/Downloads/PartDReportingRequirements_CurrentYear.pdf
). While these documents are not codified rules, the 

guidance they contain provides clear direction to plans as to our 
expectations. We will periodically revise these guidelines to reflect 
additional guidance on ways to improve reporting of fraud, waste, and 
abuse.
    We are committed to implementing mandatory self-reporting and we 
intend to issue a proposed rule. Finally, we believe that it would be 
valuable to obtain additional input at this time, in order to inform 
our evaluative, analytic, and guidance efforts. Accordingly, we are 
asking for additional public comments on this issue. Specifically, we 
ask for comments regarding the following:
     We proposed requiring MA organizations and Part D sponsors 
to report potential ``fraud or misconduct.'' We seek guidance as to how 
to define what kinds of offenses would constitute fraud and misconduct 
for purposes of this reporting requirement. We seek specific examples 
of what constitutes potential fraud and misconduct.
     Alternatively, we seek input as to whether there is an 
alternate formulation, rather than ``fraud or misconduct'' that would 
better describe the categories of offenses that should be reported to 
CMS (for example violations of administrative, civil and/or criminal 
authorities).
     Who are the entities that would be responsible for 
reporting to CMS (sponsor, first tier, downstream entities)?
     At what point would CMS require that a MA or Part D plan 
report a potential issue that could fall into the category of offenses 
that would require self-reporting (for example, upon initial discovery 
or after an opportunity for reasonable inquiry or due diligence)?
     How should this information be reported to CMS (through 
the MEDICs, disclosure to the CMS plan manager, or

[[Page 68708]]

CMS central office)? Please provide a discussion of the advantages or 
disadvantages of any of these or other reporting mechanisms.
     In addition to the specific questions raised above, please 
provide us with any other comments or constructive feedback that might 
assist us in crafting a mandatory self-reporting requirement.
Sections 422.504 and 423.505--General Provisions
    We proposed to clarify which entities under contract to MA 
organizations and Part D sponsors are subject to the contract 
provisions in the MA and Part D programs. Currently, the contract 
provisions at 422.504 and 423.505 refer to such entities as the MA 
organization or Part D sponsor's ``contractors'' and 
``subcontractors,'' which as we described in the proposed rule, are 
undefined terms in the statute and regulations. We proposed, where 
applicable, to delete the term ``contractor,'' because of potential 
confusion and redundancy, and replace the term ``subcontractor'' with 
the terms ``first tier entity'' and ``downstream entity'' in 422.504(e) 
and (i), to clarify which entities are subject to the contract 
provisions at 422.504.
    We also proposed, where applicable, to delete the term 
``contractor,'' and replace the term ``subcontractor'' with the terms 
``first tier entity'' and ``downstream entity'' in the Part D contract 
provisions at 423.505(e) and (i) for the same reasons. We believed 
using ``first tier and downstream, entities'' instead of 
``subcontractor'' would lessen the potential for confusion in the Part 
D program. Please see page 29372 of the proposed rule for examples of 
first tier, downstream, and related entities.
    Comment: We received a number of technical comments concerning the 
definitions of ``contractor'' and ``subcontractor.''
    Response: Based on these comments, we are correcting a few 
typographical errors in Sec.  423.505(i)(3)(v) by replacing the phrase 
``related entity, contractor or subcontractor'' with the phrase ``first 
tier, downstream, and related entities'' to be consistent with the 
other parts of the regulation. In Sec. Sec.  423.505(i)(3), and 
Sec. Sec.  423.505(i)(3)(ii), (i)(4), and (i)(4)(v), we are deleting 
the term ``pharmacy'' as it was included in error and is redundant. 
Section 423.505(i)(4) will now read: ``If any of the Part D plan 
sponsor's activities or responsibilities under its contract with CMS is 
delegated to other parties, the following requirements apply to any 
first tier, downstream, and related entity,'' and Sec.  
423.505(i)(4)(v) will read: ``All contracts or written arrangements 
must specify that the first tier, downstream, or related entity must 
comply with all applicable Federal laws, regulations, and CMS 
instructions.'' We also are making similar corrections to Sec.  
422.504(i)(3), (i)(3)(ii), and (i)(4) where the term ``provider'' was 
left in the regulations unintentionally. All references to ``provider'' 
have been deleted in the final regulations.
    We proposed to add a provision to the contracts and written 
arrangements between sponsors and their first tier, downstream, and 
related entities at Sec.  423.505(i)(3)(iv) to clarify that this 
information can be provided to either the Part D sponsor to give to 
CMS, or can be provided directly to CMS or its designees. We discussed 
in the proposed rule at page 29373 our existing authority under section 
1860D-12(b)(3)(c) of the Act and Sec.  422.504(e) and Sec.  423.505(e) 
to inspect and audit any books, contracts, requests, and records of a 
Part D sponsor or MA organization relating to the Part D program. 
Because of the proposed contract provision, we also proposed to 
redesignate Sec.  423.505(i)(3)(iv) as Sec.  423.505(i)(3)(v). We are 
finalizing these changes as proposed.
    Comment: A few commenters questioned our authority to access the 
books and records of first tier, downstream and related entities. One 
commenter suggested a need for more formal rulemaking on this topic.
    Response: We have existing authority under section 1860D-
12(b)(3)(c) of the Act and Sec.  422.504(e)(2) and Sec.  423.505(e)(2) 
to inspect and audit any books, contracts, and records of a Part D 
sponsor or MA organization and its first tier, downstream, and related 
entities that pertain to any aspect of services performed, 
reconciliation of benefit liabilities, and determination of accounts 
payable under the contract or as the Secretary may deem necessary to 
enforce the contract. Therefore, it is not necessary, as the commenters 
suggested, to propose a more formal regulation and offer another public 
comment period. These third party disclosure requirements were 
finalized in the final MA and Part D rules and were approved under the 
Paperwork Reduction Act approval under OMB 0938-1004 (Part C) 
and OMB 0938-1000 (Part D). Additionally, in the preamble to 
the Part D proposed rule, published on January 28, 2005 (70 FR 4194), 
we clearly stated our inspection and audit rights with respect to a 
Part D sponsor and its contractors, subcontractors, and related 
entities under the section entitled ``Access to Facilities and 
Records'' (69 FR 46632-46712). In this regulation, we have further 
clarified that our access rights apply to ``first tier, downstream, and 
related entities,'' and not ``contractors, subcontractors, and related 
entities.''
    The limited rebate and other price concession information provided 
to the Part D sponsor by its contracting entities may provide some 
payment information to us, but it may not be enough for us to determine 
in all cases whether appropriate payments have been made to the 
sponsor. Therefore, it may be necessary for us to rely on our authority 
to access books and records to obtain more detailed rebate and other 
price concession information in order to verify proper payments were 
made to the Part D sponsor.
    Comment: We received a number of comments questioning whether books 
and records must be made available to us directly or through the Part D 
sponsor.
    Response: We have chosen not to be prescriptive regarding whether 
first tier, downstream, and related entities must make their books and 
records available to us directly or through the Part D Sponsor. It is 
our opinion that this is considered to be part of the negotiation 
process between the Part D sponsor and its first tier, downstream, and 
related entities. The provision must be clear as to whether or not the 
requested documentation is to be submitted through the Part D sponsor 
to us (or our designee(s)), or submitted directly to us (or our 
designee(s)). The parties could also decide to have such books and 
records made directly available to us, or our designee(s), through 
onsite access. The Part D sponsor must be prepared to submit evidence 
of this agreed upon provision in its executed contracts to us. To 
clarify, the ``designee'' either refers to entities under a program 
integrity contract with us, or entities, such as law enforcement, 
working in collaboration with us to fight fraud, waste and abuse in the 
Medicare Part D program.
    HHS, the Comptroller General, or its designees have the authority 
to collect any information from the first tier, downstream, or related 
entities that is related to the Medicare Part D prescription drug 
transaction. Examples of the type of information collected are provided 
at Sec.  423.505(e)(2).
    In addition to proposing a new contract provision at Sec.  
423.505(i)(4)(iv), we also proposed minor regulatory changes which 
clarify the Part D sponsor's CMS contractual requirements. While we 
continue to believe our regulations clearly state our authority to 
access the books and records of a Part D sponsor's first tier, 
downstream, and related entities, we proposed to add language about 
these

[[Page 68709]]

partnering entities to Sec.  423.505(b)(10), and proposed to 
consolidate Sec.  423.505(e)(2) and (3) into one provision at (e)(2). 
We proposed these revisions to make explicit the Part D plan sponsor's 
contractual obligation to ensure HHS, the Comptroller General, or their 
designees have access to any books and records related to the Part D 
program, including those of a sponsor's first tier, downstream, and 
related entities. These revisions do not impose any new requirements on 
Part D sponsors or its partnering entities. We are finalizing these 
proposed provisions without change.
    Comment: A few commenters noted that the proposed revision to Sec.  
422.504 and Sec.  423.505 has not prescribed ``typical'' data sets to 
be reported within the context of our request for books and records of 
first tier, downstream, and related entities. Another commenter 
indicated that the information that could be collected is too broad.
    Response: We want to clarify that the ``books and records'' we are 
entitled to access do not make up a typical data set included in the 
Medicare Part D Reporting Requirements. There is no report form to be 
defined, as the format will be dependent upon the information being 
requested and the unique circumstances upon which the request is based. 
The scope of the information collected will be based on the type of 
audit being performed. If upon review of the information submitted we, 
or our designee(s), determine that additional information or 
clarification is warranted, the scope of the review may be expanded.
    Comment: A commenter suggested that we should rely on subpoena 
authority, regulation, provider contracts, or some other method to 
collect books and records in connection with investigations.
    Response: We do not have subpoena authority; however, our law 
enforcement partners such as OIG and DOJ do. The government may use a 
variety of methods to obtain records and books from entities under 
contract with MA organizations and/or Part D sponsors. There may be 
instances where we may need to see books and records without involving 
law enforcement. These provisions at Sec.  422.504 and Sec.  423.505 
only clarify one method we may employ to do so.
    We clarified in the preamble to the proposed rule that HHS, the 
Comptroller General, or their designees have the authority under the 
statute to request records from MA organizations and Part D sponsors or 
their first tier, downstream, or related entities. MA organizations and 
Part D plan sponsors must maintain, as required by Sec.  423.505(d), 
``books, records, documents and other evidence of accounting procedures 
and practices,'' pertaining to determinations of amounts payable under 
the contract, agreements, contracts, and subcontracts. Since Part D 
sponsors have delegated many Part D functions to their first tier 
entities, we are aware that many of these records reside with first 
tier and downstream entities, such as pharmaceutical benefits managers 
(PBMs). We are taking the opportunity again, in this final rule with 
comment period, to make explicit that we have the authority to request 
for verification of payment purposes, any records relating to rebates 
and any other price concessions between PBMs and manufacturers that may 
impact payments made to sponsors in the Part D program.
    Comment: We received a comment addressing the 10-year record 
retention requirement.
    Response: This requirement was implemented in a prior regulation 
and is outside the scope of this final rule with comment period.
    Comment: A number of commenters expressed concern that information 
submitted by first tier, downstream, and related entities, especially 
proprietary information, would not be kept confidential by us.
    Response: As an agency, we are subject to various Federal 
disclosure laws, such as the Trade Secrets Act, the Privacy Act, and 
the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) (5 U.S.C. 552). We are also 
subject to confidentiality and disclosure regulations at 42 CFR Part 
401 Subpart B. In addition, sections 1860D-15(d)(2)(B) and (f)(2) of 
the Act place restrictions on the Secretary's disclosure of certain 
payment data collected in the Part D program to anyone outside of HHS. 
Therefore, we believe there are sufficient legal restrictions to 
protect the disclosure of such proprietary data outside of the agency.
    Comment: One commenter questioned our need to gather information 
about rebate agreements between potential first tier and downstream 
entity contracted partners.
    Response: Our proposal to obtain rebate and price-concession 
related records is supported by statute. Sections 1860D-15(d)(2) and 
1860D-15(f)(1)(A) of the Act authorize us to request any information 
``necessary'' to carry out the payment provisions in section 1860D-15 
of the Act, which include payments of direct subsidies, reinsurance, 
and risk corridor costs to sponsors. While the rebate and other price 
concession information reported by the sponsors may provide some 
payment information, it may not be enough for us to determine in all 
cases whether appropriate payments have been made to the sponsor. It 
may be ``necessary'' for us to obtain more detailed rebate and other 
price concession information from first tier, downstream, and related 
entities in order to verify proper payments made to the sponsor. For 
example, we must receive accurate and complete rebate and other price 
concession information in order to determine what was ``actually paid'' 
and to clearly reflect what was a gross prescription drug covered cost, 
which excludes administrative costs.
    As stated in the CMS 2007 Prescription Drug Sponsor Call Letter, 
``CMS must assume that if a PBM retains a portion of the manufacturer 
rebates it negotiates on behalf of the Part D sponsors then the direct 
payment the sponsor pays the PBM for its services will be less, that 
is, the sponsor receives a price concession from the PBM.'' If the 
rebates are passed completely through to the Plan then the charge from 
the PBM to the Plan would be an administrative cost that will need to 
be deducted from the ``gross covered prescription drug costs'' which 
along with the ``actually paid costs'' are a basis for CMS payment to 
the plans.
    In addition, such rebate and other price concession information is 
critical to our oversight efforts in curbing fraud, waste, and abuse in 
the Part D program. Under section 1860D-2(d)(3) of the MMA, Congress 
granted us the right to conduct periodic audits of a sponsor's 
financial statements, books, and records ``to protect against fraud and 
abuse and to ensure proper disclosure and accounting'' in the Part D 
program.
    Given the history of rebate reporting problems the government has 
encountered with PBMs in administering the Medicaid Drug Rebate Act, we 
believe we must have the ability to evaluate and inspect records 
relating to Part D rebates and other price concessions in order to 
fulfill our statutory duty of protecting beneficiaries from fraud and 
abuse and to ensure the financial integrity of the Part D program. 
Therefore, we are restating in this final rule with comment period that 
we reserve the right to request records relating to Part D rebates and 
price concessions from the sponsor's first tier entities, downstream, 
and related entities when appropriate.
    Comment: A commenter questioned whether certain contracted partners 
are considered to be downstream entities.
    Response: In Exhibit 1 of the proposed rule, on p. 29372, and in 
this final rule with comment period, we

[[Page 68710]]

provided examples of first tier and downstream entities. We encourage 
you to contact the CMS staff listed at the beginning of this final rule 
with comment period if you have any questions as to whether a 
contracted partner is a downstream entity.
Sections 422.505 and 423.506--Effective Date and Term of Contract
    We proposed removing Sec.  422.505(c)(1) and Sec.  423.506(c)(1), 
which state that contracts with MA organizations or Part D plan 
sponsors are only renewed if CMS informs the MA organization or Part D 
sponsor that it has authorized a renewal. Section 1857(c)(1) of the Act 
provides that the contract renews automatically, unless CMS or the 
organization notifies the other party of its intent to terminate the 
contract at the end of the existing contract term. Therefore, we 
proposed to revise Sec.  422.505(c) and Sec.  423.506(c) to state that 
in accordance with Sec.  422.506 and Sec.  423.507, contracts are 
renewed annually only if the MA organization or Part D plan sponsor has 
not provided us with a notice of intent not to renew and we have not 
provided the MA organization or Part D plan sponsor with a notice of 
intent not to renew. This change better aligns the regulations with the 
statute and we are finalizing the provision as proposed.
    Comment: One commenter asked whether contracts needing amendment as 
a result of this final rule with comment period could be made at the 
time of contract renewal.
    Response: As indicated in the proposed rule and finalized here, the 
implementation date of this provision is January 1, 2009. Therefore, 
all revised contracts need to be in place by that date. We did not make 
any changes based on this comment and are finalizing the provision as 
proposed.
Sections 422.506 and Sec.  423.507 Nonrenewal of a Contract
    We proposed revising the introductory text for Sec.  422.506(b)(2) 
and Sec.  423.507(b)(2). In addition, we proposed revising Sec.  
422.506(b)(2)(i) and Sec.  423.507(b)(2)(i). The existing provisions 
require us to provide plans with notice of both renewal and nonrenewal 
decisions by May 1. We proposed that a notice only be provided if we 
decide not to renew an MA organization or a Part D plan sponsor's 
contract with us. As discussed in the proposed rule, Section 1857(c)(1) 
of the Act provides for an automatically renewable contract and does 
not require us to provide notice when we decide to renew a plan or 
sponsor's contract with us.
    We proposed revising the Sec.  422.506(b)(2) introductory text and 
the Sec.  423.507(b)(2) introductory text to clarify that we must 
provide notice of our decision not to authorize renewal of a contract. 
In addition, we proposed to revise Sec.  422.506(b)(2)(i) and Sec.  
423.507 (b)(2)(i) to require that we provide such notice by September 1 
of the contract year, rather than May 1. If an MA organization or Part 
D sponsor receives a nonrenewal notice from CMS, we will not provide 
information regarding the MA or Part D plans that the organization or 
sponsor offers in certain hard copy materials, such as the ``Medicare & 
You'' handbook. Information regarding the plans would continue to be 
available on the CMS Web site. For purposes of this final rule with 
comment period, a nonrenewal would take effect on January 1 of the 
following contract year (unless a nonrenewal is being appealed through 
the administrative appeals process and the appeals process is ongoing, 
or additional time is required to comply with our requirements with 
respect to providing notice to beneficiaries of the nonrenewal, in 
which case the nonrenewal may become effective during the following 
calendar year), whereas a termination may take effect at any time 
during the contract year. Our proposed provisions make contract renewal 
automatic, without notice, unless we notify the MA organization or 
Medicare Part D plan sponsor of our intent to nonrenew the contract by 
September 1 of the current contract year. Please see the proposed rule 
for our rational for changing the nonrenewal notification date to a 
date later than May 1.
    Comment: We received several comments concerning the proposed 
September 1 nonrenewal notification date. Several commenters believed 
that plans will have to incur significant expenditures prior to 
September 1 to prepare for the following calendar year, and that a 
September 1 date would require plans to incur expenditures that would 
not have been incurred before the existing May 1 nonrenewal 
notification date, in the event that we take action to nonrenew a plan.
    Response: We understand that MA organizations and Part D sponsors 
expend effort in preparing for the following contract year. Therefore, 
while we will not retain the existing May 1 nonrenewal notification 
date, we are revising our proposal and finalizing a notification date 
of August 1, instead of our proposed September 1 notification date.
    We understand that MA organizations and Part D sponsors expend 
effort in preparing for the following contract year. Therefore, while 
we will not retain the existing May 1 nonrenewal notification date, we 
are responding to commenters' concerns and revising our proposal and 
finalizing a notification date of August 1, instead of our proposed 
September 1 notification date. We believe that this is an appropriate 
compromise. While we appreciate commenters' concerns, we believe we 
have a significant countervailing interest in moving the current May 1 
nonrenewal notification date to later in the calendar year. As we 
explained in the preamble to the proposed rule, these additional months 
will allow us to have access to significantly more information about 
plan performance, which will allow for more informed and educated 
decisions about MA organizations and Part D sponsors that have serious 
compliance problems and may be the subject of a nonrenewal 
determination. We believe that allowing for the opportunity to access 
this data will benefit both CMS and the MA organizations and Part D 
sponsors.
    Comment: Another commenter said that the September 1 date would not 
provide for enough time for beneficiary notification.
    Response: As explained above, we are finalizing a nonrenewal 
notification date of August 1, rather than September 1 as we proposed. 
We believe this change is more likely to result in administrative 
appeals of CMS nonrenewal actions being completed in time to allow for 
90 days notice of the nonrenewal to be provided to members and the 
general public prior to the end of the calendar year.
    Comment: One commenter requested clarification as to whether 
deficiencies could be cured after receiving the notice of an intent to 
nonrenew. The commenter stated that a September 1 date would not give 
enough time for an organization to make necessary changes to come into 
compliance for the next contract year. This commenter also expressed 
concern about the inability of a plan to participate in the program for 
the following year because of the timeframes associated with Corrective 
Action Plans (CAPs) and appeal rights, potentially rendering a plan's 
appeal rights moot.
    Response: We believe comments related to plan participation in the 
following calendar year based on CAP submission dates reflect a 
misunderstanding of our proposals in the proposed rule. We clarified in 
our proposed rule that we will offer plans an opportunity to submit an 
acceptable CAP prior to notifying them of our intent to nonrenew or 
terminate their

[[Page 68711]]

contract. If an acceptable CAP is submitted to us, we will not take 
action to nonrenew or terminate the sponsor or organization's contract. 
Once a sponsor or organization receives a nonrenewal notification from 
us (or a termination notice), the sponsor or organization is not 
entitled to an additional opportunity to submit another CAP. We will 
not be required to provide any additional time for a MA organization or 
Part D sponsor to come into compliance or cure deficiencies once we 
have notified a sponsor or organization of our intent to nonrenew (or 
terminate) its contract. We proposed this clarification in an effort to 
streamline the CAP and nonrenewal process. We have added additional 
language at Sec.  422.506, Sec.  422.510, Sec.  423.507, and Sec.  
423.509 to expressly clarify that the opportunity to submit an 
acceptable CAP is afforded to a MA organization or Part D sponsor prior 
to our decision to nonrenew or terminate a contract.
    With respect to the comment regarding ongoing administrative 
appeals, if a MA organization or Part D sponsor is in the process of 
appealing a nonrenewal or termination, and the appeal process has not 
been concluded, the organization will be able to participate in the 
program the following calendar year until such time during the 
following calendar year as the appeals process is concluded and 
appropriate notice is provided to beneficiaries. Therefore, appeal 
rights will not be moot.
    Comment: Several commenters believed that the September 1 date 
would place an undue burden on pharmacies to join plan provider 
networks and the commenters recommended that we provide some sort of 
contingent renewal notice for organizations and sponsors to send to 
providers for the following year.
    Response: MA organizations and Part D sponsors who have not 
received a request for a CAP from us as a result of deficiencies are 
not in jeopardy of receiving a nonrenewal notification, making the need 
for a contingent nonrenewal notice unnecessary. Furthermore, as 
explained above, we are changing the proposed September 1 nonrenewal 
notification date to August 1, affording pharmacies an additional month 
to make network decisions.
    We proposed redesignating Sec.  422.506(b)(3) as Sec.  
422.506(b)(4) and redesignating Sec.  423.507(b)(3) as Sec.  
423.507(b)(4). We proposed adding a new paragraph at Sec.  
422.506(b)(3) and Sec.  423.507(b)(3) which would clarify the CAP 
process for nonrenewals. The Act requires us to provide MA 
organizations and Part D plan sponsors with a reasonable opportunity to 
develop a CAP prior to terminating a contract, either through the 
termination process or the nonrenewal process. The CAP process for 
nonrenewals would be the same process as we proposed for terminations. 
We proposed a more defined process than currently exists and we 
proposed a process and timeframes for the submission and review of 
CAPs. Our proposal clarified that, in the future, once we issue a 
nonrenewal notice or a termination notice, the MA organization or Part 
D plan sponsor will not be entitled to an opportunity to submit a CAP. 
We will provide that opportunity to organizations and sponsors prior to 
issuing a notice of intent to nonrenew or terminate a contract. MA 
organizations and Part D plan sponsors should take very seriously any 
request from us to develop and implement a CAP since a failure to fully 
comply may result in a nonrenewal or termination action.
    Comment: One commenter questioned whether the termination and CAP 
process applied to all contract years and if the termination would be 
retroactive to the beginning of a plan contract.
    Response: The most recent finding of deficiencies and the request 
for a CAP would be relied upon to support a termination or other 
contract determination. Prior CAPs may provide additional information 
to us and support for our action if the MA organization or Part D 
sponsor has had continued compliance problems that have not been 
resolved, but would not be the basis of a contract determination if the 
prior CAPs have been accepted by us and implemented to our 
satisfaction. A termination action would affect the existing contract 
with us. Given that we have already adopted automatically renewable 
multi-year contracts, failure to substantially carry out a contract 
term necessarily would apply to the entire term of the contract (that 
is, the life of the contract). Part D and MA contracts are evergreen, 
so the existing contract is not just the current calendar year's 
contract, but is a continuing contract that existed during prior 
calendar years (assuming the Part D sponsor or MA organization 
participated in the program in prior calendar years).
    We proposed time limits at Sec.  422.506(b)(3) and Sec.  
423.507(b)(3) for the development and implementation of a CAP. We 
proposed to provide the MA organization or Part D plan sponsor 45 days 
in which to submit a CAP to us. If we find that the CAP is 
unacceptable, the MA organization or Part D plan sponsor would have an 
additional 30 days to revise and resubmit the CAP. If we then find the 
CAP acceptable, we would provide the MA organization or Part D plan 
sponsor with a deadline by which the CAP must be implemented. If we 
find that the second version of the CAP is unacceptable, we would be 
under no obligation to accept further revisions to the CAP and would 
have the discretion to proceed directly to issuing a notice of 
nonrenewal to the MA organization or Part D plan sponsor.
    Comment: One commenter requested clarification on whether the 
timeframe is measured in business or calendar days. The commenter 
requested that we leave open lines of communication with organizations 
with respect to working to develop acceptable CAPs. The commenter was 
concerned that there would only be one chance to provide an acceptable 
CAP.
    Response: We are clarifying here, and at Sec. Sec.  422.506(3) and 
423.507(3), that the CAP timeframes are measured in calendar days. We 
will provide MA organizations and Part D sponsors two opportunities to 
submit acceptable CAPs. Prior to requesting a CAP, or simultaneous with 
a request for a CAP, we will inform the MA organization or Part D 
sponsor about the deficiencies that must be addressed and corrected. If 
the first CAP submission is unacceptable to us, we will inform the MA 
organization or Part D sponsor as to what is unacceptable. The MA 
organization or Part D sponsor will then have a second opportunity to 
submit an acceptable CAP.
    It is our intent to assist plans in submitting acceptable CAPs, 
while implementing a limit on the number of CAP submissions in order to 
bring some closure to this process when Part D sponsors or MA 
organizations are unable or unwilling to bring their organizations into 
compliance with our requirements. Aside from the clarification 
explained above regarding the use of calendar days, we are finalizing 
our proposed processes and timeframes for the submission and review of 
CAPs as proposed.
Sections 422.510 and 423.509--Termination of Contract by CMS
    We proposed revising Sec.  422.510(a)(1) and Sec.  423.509(a)(1) to 
clarify one of the bases for contract termination. The existing 
provision states that we may terminate an MA organization or Part D 
plan sponsor's contract with us if the MA organization or Part D plan 
sponsor ``failed substantially to carry out the terms of its contract 
with CMS.'' We proposed language to clarify that we may terminate an MA 
organization or Part D plan sponsor's contract if the organization 
substantially failed to carry

[[Page 68712]]

out the terms of its contract with us during the current calendar year 
or for a prior calendar year. This clarification is consistent with 
section 1857(c)(1) of the Act, which states that a contract must be for 
a period of at least 1 year with the contract being automatically 
renewable from term to term (that is, calendar year to calendar year), 
absent notice from either party of an intent to terminate the contract 
at the end of the current term. Given that we have already adopted 
automatically renewable multi-year contracts, failure to substantially 
carry out a contract term necessarily would apply to the entire term of 
the contract (that is, the life of the contract).
    We have made a minor change to the regulatory text at Sec. Sec.  
422.510(a)(1) and 423.509(a)(1) to clarify our proposal. The change is 
a technical edit to accurately reflect the multi-year nature of our 
contracts with MA organizations and Part D sponsors.
    We proposed revising Sec.  422.510(b) and Sec.  423.509(b) 
introductory text and revising the paragraph heading for Sec.  
422.510(b)(2) and Sec.  423.509(b)(2) to delete the term ``immediate'' 
and replace it with ``expedited''. In addition, we proposed revising 
Sec.  422.510(b)(2)(i) and Sec.  423.509(b)(2)(i) to state that an 
expedited termination would take effect on a date specified by us. 
According to the existing regulations, an immediate termination takes 
effect once the MA organization or Part D plan sponsor receives notice 
that we intend to immediately terminate the plan's contract with us and 
a plan's enrollees are automatically disenrolled from the plan on the 
date such notice is received. The proposed change will provide greater 
protection for Medicare beneficiaries because we would have time 
between notifying a plan of an expedited termination decision and the 
actual date of termination to provide enrollees of the MA or Part D 
plan with enough information to enroll in another plan. We are 
finalizing this proposal without change.
    Comment: We received a recommendation that we auto-enroll 
beneficiaries into another plan for seamless continuity of care, 
provided the beneficiary was able to make another health care choice. 
Another commenter felt that the effective date should be made in 
consultation with the terminated plan to better meet the needs of 
beneficiaries.
    Response: We will take actions to ensure beneficiaries are 
protected and that continuity of care is a priority in our planning for 
all termination actions. We are not addressing beneficiary auto-
enrollment in regulation since it is an operational issue. We have 
considered the suggestion that we involve the terminated plan in 
determining the effective date of the termination but believe that we 
are in the best position to determine the effective date of the 
termination. Determining the effective date of an expedited termination 
is a decision that should be made solely by us. We are finalizing the 
provision as proposed.
    Comment: A few commenters did not believe we should be able to 
terminate a contract based on deficiencies during prior years. 
Commenters also stated that deficiencies that have been cured should 
not be the basis for a contract termination.
    Response: We clarify here that failure to carry out contract terms 
means the MA organization or Part D sponsor is not currently in 
compliance. The failure to be in compliance currently may be a 
continuation of a failure to be in compliance in the previous year and/
or the result of an incident(s) that occurred during the prior year or 
years. For example, a notice of intent to terminate provided to an 
organization in February of the current year might be based on the 
organization failing to provide an acceptable CAP for an audit that 
occurred in December of the previous year. In addition, the 
deficiencies found in December of the previous year may be unresolved 
deficiencies from a prior audit, never having been cured. We need the 
ability to look into previous contract terms for uncured deficiencies. 
We proposed the ability to terminate a contract based on current, open 
deficiencies, no matter how long they have been open deficiencies. It 
is not our intent to terminate a contract based on deficiencies that 
have been, and remain, cured.
    Comment: One commenter recommended an expedited hearing process for 
expedited terminations.
    Response: The current regulations provide for a hearing process to 
occur after an immediate, proposed expedited, termination has occurred. 
Current regulations do not provide for an expedited appeals process. 
Our proposed changes to the appeals process do not provide for an 
expedited appeals process. We do not believe an expedited appeals 
process is warranted. However, we note that eliminating the 
reconsideration process for all contract determinations, as we have 
proposed and are finalizing, will have the effect of accelerating the 
appeals process for all contract determinations. We are finalizing this 
provision as proposed.
    Comment: One commenter requested guidance or examples of what we 
consider to be ``imminent and serious risk to enrollees.''
    Response: We do not wish to provide examples of what ``imminent and 
serious risk to enrollees'' might entail because of the complexities of 
each and every expedited termination that may take place. Each case is 
different and we do not feel that past examples will necessarily help 
plans in preventing future expedited terminations.
    We also proposed to clarify that we are able to invoke the 
expedited termination process when a determination regarding an MA 
organization is made according to Sec.  422.510(a)(5). The existing 
regulations state that we invoke the current immediate termination 
process when a determination is made according to Sec.  422.510(a)(4) 
for the MA program and Sec.  423.509(a)(4) or (a)(5) for the Medicare 
Part D program. By adding (a)(5) as a basis for an expedited 
termination for MA organizations, the grounds for expedited 
terminations would be identical for the MA and Part D programs. The 
addition of Sec.  422.510(a)(5) would provide consistency between the 
Part C regulations and the Part D regulations.
    Comment: One commenter did not agree that expedited terminations 
should be based on instances where an MA organization or Part D sponsor 
provides ``false'' data without any fraudulent intent or knowledge that 
false data was provided. The commenter believes that expedited 
terminations should be reserved for instances of beneficiary harm and 
intentional fraud.
    Response: We proposed in the Part C regulations, at 422.510, that 
the submission of false data may serve as the basis for an immediate 
termination (proposed name change to expedited termination) to 
correlate with existing Part D regulations. Our ability to immediately 
terminate based on the submission of false data has already been 
subject to notice and comment during the comment period for the 
existing Part D regulations. We now proposed this change to the Part C 
regulations to ensure that the Part C and Part D regulations mirror 
each other where appropriate. We believe that this change is necessary 
to ensure the integrity of the Part C program and to continue to ensure 
that conduct under both the Part C and Part D programs is handled 
similarly. Therefore, we are finalizing our proposal without 
modification.
    We proposed to amend our procedures at Sec.  422.510(c) and Sec.  
423.509(c) to more clearly define the process for the submission and 
review of CAPs prior to a termination action.

[[Page 68713]]

The Act requires us to provide MA organizations and Part D plan 
sponsors with a reasonable opportunity to develop and implement a CAP 
before we terminate the organization or sponsor's contract. The CAP 
process we proposed is the same process for nonrenewals outlined above 
and which we proposed at Sec.  422.506 and Sec.  423.507, providing for 
a more structured process and timeframes for the development and 
implementation of a CAP. We received comments concerning CAPs as 
applied to terminations, and have addressed them above in Sec. Sec.  
422.506 and 423.507, given that the CAP process is identical for 
nonrenewals and terminations.
Subpart N--Medicare Contract Determinations and Appeals
    We proposed revisions to subpart N of 42 CFR part 422 and 42 CFR 
part 423 to coordinate and improve the contract determination and 
appeals processes for MA organizations and Part D plan sponsors. We 
proposed eliminating the reconsideration process for appeals of all 
types of contract determinations. We also proposed to make the appeals 
process consistent for all three types of contract determinations 
(terminations, nonrenewals, and decisions by us not to enter into a 
contract with an applicant). In addition, we proposed that the MA 
organization or Part D plan sponsor have the burden of proof in 
appealing a contract determination. Please see the proposed rule for a 
more detailed explanation of our proposals.
Sections 422.644 and 423.642--Notice of Contract Determination
    We proposed to make conforming changes to Sec.  422.644(b)(2) and 
Sec.  423.642(b)(2) as a result of the changes we are making to the 
immediate termination process. Consistent with the proposed revisions 
we have previously described, we proposed to revise Sec.  422.644(c) 
and Sec.  423.642(c) to state that we would determine the effective 
date of an expedited termination. We also proposed adding Sec.  
422.510(a)(4) as a basis for which we may undertake an expedited 
termination. We are finalizing these provisions as proposed.
    We also proposed to revise the provisions at Sec.  422.644(d) and 
Sec.  423.642(d) to conform to the proposed change previously described 
whereby we would provide notice of nonrenewal to MA organizations or 
Part D plan sponsors by September 1, rather than the current May 1. 
Please see above for a discussion of nonrenewal notification dates. We 
are finalizing these proposals with a modification to reflect the fact 
that we are finalizing the nonrenewal notification date as August 1, 
rather than September 1 as we proposed.
Sections 422.646 and 423.643--Effect of Contract Determination
    We proposed making conforming changes to the provisions at Sec.  
422.646 and Sec.  423.643 to reflect our proposal to eliminate the 
reconsideration process. The current regulations state that a contract 
determination is final unless an MA organization or Part D plan sponsor 
requests reconsideration. Since we proposed eliminating the 
reconsideration process, we also proposed a conforming change to 
indicate that a contract determination would be a final decision unless 
a timely request for a hearing is filed.
    Comment: One commenter felt that eliminating a step for ``informal 
collaboration'' with us would create a process that is not in the best 
interest of beneficiaries. The commenter stated that by eliminating the 
reconsideration process, we appear to be eliminating opportunities to 
remedy potential problems prior to taking a formal contract action.
    Response: We have reviewed the comment and have decided to finalize 
our proposal without modification. The commenter seems to be under the 
impression that the existing reconsideration process is an informal, 
collaborative process which provides the organization with another 
opportunity to come into compliance with our requirements. The 
commenter is misinformed about the nature of the current 
reconsideration process. The reconsideration is the first formal step 
in the administrative appeals process for organizations. The time for 
informal collaboration is prior to the commencement of an appeal, and 
prior to the seeking of reconsideration.
Sections 422.660 and 423.650--Right to a Hearing and Burden of Proof
    We proposed conforming changes to the provisions at Sec.  
422.660(a) and 423.650(a) to reflect our proposal to eliminate the 
reconsideration process. These provisions would state that if we 
determine that an applicant is not qualified to enter into a contract 
with us and the applicant chooses to appeal the determination, a 
hearing before a CMS hearing officer would be the first step in the 
appeal process. We proposed to make similar conforming changes to Sec.  
422.660(b) and Sec.  423.650(b), to indicate that a hearing before a 
CMS hearing officer would be the first step in appealing a nonrenewal 
determination or a termination decision. We did not receive any 
comments on these provisions and are revising them as proposed.
    We proposed to add a new provision at Sec.  422.660(c) and at Sec.  
423.650(c) to clarify that the burden of proof would be on the MA 
organization or Part D plan sponsor at a hearing appealing a CMS 
contract determination. The MA organization or Part D plan sponsor must 
demonstrate that they were in compliance at the stated time by a 
preponderance of the evidence. We believe case law supports our 
decision to place the burden of proof on the affected party in an 
administrative hearing on a contract determination involving a Part D 
plan sponsor or MA organization. See Hillman Rehabilitation Center, DAB 
No.1611 (1999), aff'd Hillman Rehabilitation Center v. U.S. No.98-3789 
(GEB) (D.N.J. May 13, 1999).
    Comment: We received comments related to our effort to clarify that 
burden of proof is on the MA Organization or Part D sponsor. Commenters 
stated that the burden of proof should be on us, and not the 
organization or sponsor, since we are taking the contract action and 
that imposing the burden of proof on the organization or sponsor is 
contrary to traditional principles of jurisprudence and is unfair. One 
commenter suggested that if the burden is on the organization or 
sponsor, then there should be a rebuttable presumption of non-
compliance with the organization or sponsor assuming the burden of 
proof to rebut the presumption on a going forward basis. The commenter 
stated that if the organization or sponsor submits at least colorable 
evidence of substantial compliance the burden of persuasion should 
shift to CMS to prove non-compliance by clear and convincing evidence.
    Another commenter stated that putting the burden of proof on the 
organization or sponsor effectively removes the organization or 
sponsor's ability to self-regulate and come into compliance once the 
compliance issue has been identified. The commenter stated that the 
date of compliance must allow for entities to fix identified 
deficiencies and cure the deficiencies.
    Response: We have considered these comments and have determined 
that the proposed provision should be finalized without modification. 
Plans, following an audit, receive a report notifying the plan of any 
non-compliance. Following the report, plans have an opportunity to 
dispute the findings. For those compliance issues not related to formal 
audits, we continue to notify the plan about deficiencies of which we 
become aware, giving the plan an opportunity to

[[Page 68714]]

dispute the allegation. Whenever a plan is found to be non-compliant, 
we will request a CAP to cure the deficiencies. We are finalizing 
regulations that will provide a MA organization of Part D sponsor with 
an opportunity to submit an acceptable CAP before we decide to take 
contract action. It is important to understand that the date we notify 
an organization of our intent to take a termination or nonrenewal 
action is not the first time the organization learns that it is out of 
compliance with our requirements.
    In addition, we also proposed that the MA organization or Part D 
sponsor must demonstrate substantial compliance with the relevant MA or 
Part D plan requirements as of the earliest of the following dates: (1) 
The date the organization or sponsor received written notice of the 
contract determination; (2) the date of the most recent on-site audit 
conducted as the basis of the termination; (3) or the date of the 
alleged breach of the current contract or past substantial 
noncompliance as determined by CMS.
    Comment: We received a comment stating that the date of compliance 
should be the hearing date, not the earliest of the three dates 
proposed in the regulation. The commenter stated that using the 
earliest of the three dates violates due process.
    Response: We have reviewed the comment and do not believe requiring 
compliance at the earliest of the three dates violates due process. MA 
organizations and Part D sponsors are required to be in compliance at 
all times. If we used the hearing date as the date by which we measured 
compliance, we would have absolutely no way of disputing a MA 
organizations or Part D sponsor's assertion that they are currently in 
compliance. Under no circumstance to we believe that the date for 
determining compliance should be after the date of termination 
notification. We are finalizing the proposal without modification.
Sections 422.662 and 423.651--Request for a Hearing
    We proposed to revise Sec.  422.662(b) and Sec.  423.651(b) to 
conform to our proposed change to eliminate the reconsideration 
process. These provisions specify that a request for a hearing must be 
filed within 15 days after the date of the initial determination. We 
did not receive any comments on this provision and are adopting it as 
proposed.
Sections 422.664 and 423.652--Postponement of Effective Date of a 
Contract Determination When a Request for a Hearing Is Filed Timely
    We proposed to revise Sec.  422.664 and Sec.  423.652 to postpone 
the effective date of a contract determination when an MA organization 
or Part D sponsor timely requests a hearing to appeal the contract 
determination. However, the postponement would not override the 
requirement that any final decision in favor of the plan or sponsor 
must be issued by July 15 for an initial contract to be effective for 
the upcoming year. Thus, if an organization's application is not 
approved and the hearing officer's decision is not provided until 
August, the applicant would not be able to have a contract for the next 
year. This is consistent with our current process. We do not currently 
postpone the effective date of termination in cases of immediate 
termination, and did not propose any change in policy with respect to 
expedited terminations. We did not receive any comments on this 
provision and are adopting it as proposed.
Sections 422.670 and 423.655--Time and Place of Hearing
    We proposed revising Sec.  422.670(a) and Sec.  423.655(a), to 
require the hearing officer to send written notice to the parties 
specifying the general and specific issues to be resolved at the 
hearing, outlining the burden of proof and providing any information 
about the hearing procedures. In addition, the notice would inform the 
parties that they may conduct formal discovery. We did not receive any 
comments on this provision and are adopting it as proposed.
Sections 422.682 and 423.661--Discovery
    We proposed revising Sec.  422.682 and Sec.  423.661, to clarify 
the scope of permissible discovery, and to require the hearing officer 
to conclude discovery and provide all documents to both the hearing 
officer and the opposing party at least 10 days prior to the hearing. 
We did not receive any comments on this provision and are adopting it 
as proposed.
Sections 422.684 and 423.662--Prehearing and Summary Judgment
    We proposed to amend the provisions at Sec.  422.684 and Sec.  
423.662 (and revise the section heading accordingly) to permit the 
hearing officer to rule on a motion for summary judgment filed by 
either of the parties to the hearing. In ruling on such a motion, we 
propose that the hearing officer would be bound by CMS regulations and 
general instructions. Where no factual dispute exists, the hearing 
officer may make a decision on the papers, without the need for a 
hearing. We did not receive any comments on this provision and are 
adopting it as proposed.
Sections 422.692 and 423.666--Review by the Administrator
    The existing regulations only explicitly permit Administrator 
review of a hearing officer's decision in appeals of a contract 
termination. We clarify that this review is available for all appeals 
of CMS contract terminations, including decisions not to contract with 
an applicant and nonrenewals.
    We proposed revising the provisions at Sec.  422.692(a) and Sec.  
423.666(a) to allow us to request Administrator review of a hearing 
officer's decision regarding a contract determination. The existing 
regulations permit only the MA organization or Part D sponsor to 
request Administrator review. In addition, we proposed to amend the 
same provisions to permit both the parties to submit written arguments 
to the Administrator.
    Comment: One commenter did not feel that we should be able to 
request an appeal to the Administrator.
    Response: We believe that we should have the right to request a 
review by the Administrator. We feel that appeal rights should be 
provided to both parties to provide for an equal opportunity to be 
heard by the Administrator. Therefore, we are not making any changes to 
the proposed regulations based on these comments.
    We proposed revising the provisions at Sec.  422.692(b) and Sec.  
423.666(b), to permit the Administrator, upon receipt of a request for 
Administrator review, to accept or decline to review the hearing 
decision. The existing regulations require the Administrator to review 
the decision when a request for review is received. We believe that 
providing the Administrator with the discretion to accept or decline 
the request for review would lead to a more expeditious resolution of 
appeals of contract determinations.
    Comment: We received a comment stating that the Administrator 
failing to take action within 30 days authorizes an unstructured, 
unrecorded exercise of the Administrators decision that can hide 
unequal treatment which evades review. The commenter stated that the 
Administrator taking no action does not afford the plan the level of 
review of other plans in which the Administrator reviews the appeal.
    Response: We believe the Administrator has the authority to either

[[Page 68715]]

accept to review Hearing Officer decisions or to decline to review 
Hearing Officer decisions. This right is well-founded in current 
Provider Reimbursement Review Board policy. We are not making any 
changes to the proposed regulation as a result of this comment.
    We proposed redesignating Sec.  422.692(c) as Sec.  422.692(e) and 
redesignating Sec.  423.666(c) as Sec.  423.666(e). We proposed adding 
a new Sec.  422.692(c) and Sec.  423.666(c), to require the 
Administrator to make a determination as to whether to accept or 
decline the request for review within 30 days of the request of the 
review. The failure of the Administrator to make a determination within 
30 days of the request would be treated as a decision to decline the 
request for review. We believe that providing this timeline assists all 
parties in reaching a final decision in an expeditious manner. We did 
not receive any comments on this provision and are adopting it as 
proposed.
    In addition, we proposed amending our existing regulations to add a 
new paragraph at Sec.  422.692(d) and Sec.  423.666(d) which specifies 
that Administrator review is based on the hearing record and any 
written arguments submitted by the parties. However, review would not 
be based on any new evidence, such as evidence that was not before the 
hearing officer. We believe the specified sources provide a sufficient 
basis for the Administrator to make a determination.
    Comment: A commenter stated that Administrator review should not be 
limited to the record but should accept additional evidence.
    Response: The Administrator review does allow for each party to 
submit additional arguments, but the current regulation does not 
provide for additional evidence to be submitted. We feel that the 
hearing record is sufficient, with enough information provided for the 
Administrator to make a determination. Therefore, we are not making any 
changes to the proposed regulations based on these comments.
Sections Sec. Sec.  422.696 and 423.668--Reopening of Initial Contract 
Determination or Intermediate Sanction or Decision of a Hearing Officer 
of the Administrator
    We proposed to revise the section headings for Sec.  422.696 and 
Sec.  423.668 from ``Reopening of a contract or reconsidered 
determination or decision of a hearing officer or the Administrator'' 
to ``Reopening of an initial contract determination or decision of a 
hearing officer or the Administrator'' to conform to our proposed 
elimination of the reconsideration process described above. We did not 
receive any comments on this provision and are adopting it as proposed.
Sections Sec. Sec.  422.698 and 423.669--Effect of Revised 
Determination
    We proposed a conforming change to reflect our proposed elimination 
of the reconsideration process by removing in its entirety Sec.  
422.698 and Sec.  423.669, ``Effect of revised determination.'' We did 
not receive any comments on this provision and are adopting it as 
proposed.
Subpart O--Intermediate Sanctions
    We proposed several changes to our regulations in Subpart O--
Intermediate Sanctions in 42 CFR Part 422 and 42 CFR Part 423, to 
clarify our policies and procedures for imposing intermediate sanctions 
and Civil Money Penalties (CMPs) on MA organizations and Part D 
sponsors. Specifically, we proposed to modify the appeals procedures 
for intermediate sanctions and clarify which set of procedures affected 
parties should use to appeal a CMP.
General Comments:
    Comment: We received a few comments concerning bifurcated hearings 
for intermediate sanctions and/or CMPs. The commenters felt that one 
hearing should be used for both CMS imposed intermediate sanctions or 
CMPs and OIG imposed CMPs.
    Another commenter expressed concern that there is no explanation as 
to when both CMS and OIG may impose CMPs based upon the same set of 
facts. The commenter stated that only in the most egregious cases 
should both CMS and the OIG impose CMPs.
    Response: Appeals of CMS intermediate sanctions or CMPs and OIG 
imposed CMPs are governed by different regulatory processes and 
therefore cannot be combined in one hearing. In addition, CMS and OIG 
may impose sanctions/CMPs under different and independent authorities. 
The regulations currently provide for both OIG and CMS to impose 
sanctions on the same set of facts. We have considered the comment and 
are not making any changes to the regulations.
Sections Sec. Sec.  422.750 and 423.750--Types of Intermediate 
Sanctions and Civil Monetary Penalties
    We proposed reorganizing Sec.  422.750 and Sec.  423.750, to 
distinguish the three different types of intermediate sanctions from 
CMPs. We also proposed to clarify that each of the three intermediate 
sanctions, (suspension of enrollment, suspension of payment, and 
suspension of marketing) would remain in effect until we are satisfied 
that the reasons for the initial suspensions have been corrected and 
are not likely to reoccur. This revision reflects our current policy 
and practice.
    Comment: We received a comment stating that the suspension of all 
marketing activities is too severe for ``noncompliant behavior.'' The 
commenter stated that the suspension should only be for the particular 
MA or Part D plan that is non-compliant.
    Response: We are revising Sec.  422.750(a) and Sec.  423.750(a) to 
clarify that the marketing sanctions will be imposed only on CMS-
specified plans. We did not intend to expand the scope of the sanction 
with our proposed change. Therefore, we have changed the proposed 
regulatory language to be consistent with the existing provisions.
    For clarity, we proposed specifying at Sec.  422.750(b) and Sec.  
423.750(b) that we may impose CMPs in the dollar amounts specified in 
Sec.  422.760 and Sec.  423.760. We proposed to remove the prior 
reference at Sec.  422.750(a)(1) and Sec.  423.750(a)(1) to the range 
of CMPs because it is confusing. We did not receive any comments on 
this provision and are adopting it as proposed.
Sections Sec. Sec.  422.752 and 423.752--Basis for Imposing 
Intermediate Sanctions and Civil Money Penalties
    At Sec.  422.752 and Sec.  423.752, we proposed to reorganize the 
regulation to clarify the breakdown of responsibility between CMS and 
the OIG for imposing intermediate sanctions and CMPs based on the type 
of violation involved. Specifically, we clarify that CMS may impose a 
suspension of enrollment, payment, or marketing on an MA organization 
or Part D sponsor for violations specified in Sec.  422.752(a)(1) 
through (a)(8) and for violations specified in Sec.  423.752(a)(1) 
through (a)(6).
    As part of the reorganization to the regulation, we also proposed 
to add a new Sec.  422.752(c) and Sec.  423.752(c), to clarify that in 
addition to the intermediate sanctions, we continue to have authority 
to impose CMPs for contract determinations made under Sec.  422.510(a) 
and Sec.  423.509(a). However, as specified in Sec.  422.752(c)(2) and 
Sec.  423.752(c)(2), OIG would continue to have sole authority to 
impose CMPs for any determinations concerning the MA organization or 
the Part D sponsor committing or participating in false, fraudulent, or 
abusive activities affecting the Medicare program, including the 
submission of false or

[[Page 68716]]

fraudulent data, as stated in Sec.  422.510(a)(4) and Sec.  
423.509(a)(4). We did not receive any comments on this provision and 
are adopting it as proposed.
Sections Sec. Sec.  422.756 and 423.756--Procedures for Imposing 
Intermediate Sanctions and Civil Money Penalties
    At Sec.  422.756 and Sec.  423.756, we proposed to eliminate the 
existing informal reconsideration process used for review of a decision 
by CMS to impose an intermediate sanction, and allow an MA organization 
or Part D sponsor to proceed directly to a hearing, pursuant to the 
same procedures used to appeal contract determinations in Subpart N. 
(See Sec.  422.660 through Sec.  422.698 and Sec.  423.650 through 
Sec.  423.669.) We believe it would be more efficient and effective to 
allow the MA organization or Part D sponsor to proceed to a hearing in 
appealing an intermediate sanction. We note that a request to appeal an 
intermediate sanction before a hearing officer does not delay the 
intermediate sanction from taking effect on the date specified in the 
sanction notice. We did not receive any comments on this provision and 
are adopting it as proposed.
    Because we proposed to eliminate the informal reconsideration 
process, we proposed that an MA organization or Part D sponsor have an 
opportunity to present information to us that may affect our decision 
to impose an intermediate sanction prior to the sanction taking effect. 
We recognize there may be occasions when we receive information that we 
previously did not have when making a decision to impose an 
intermediate sanction. Therefore, we proposed that MA organizations and 
Part D sponsors have an opportunity to submit a written rebuttal 
statement as specified at Sec.  422.756(a)(2) and Sec.  423.756(a)(2), 
and to require the rebuttal statement be provided to us within ten (10) 
calendar days after the MA organization or sponsor receives notice of 
the intermediate sanction. The 10 calendar days begin the day after the 
notice of intermediate sanction is mailed to the plan. A notice of 
intermediate sanction is sent by overnight mail and by e-mail or fax.
    In some cases we may decide to take multiple actions, for example, 
contract termination, intermediate sanction, or CMP, against an MA 
organization or Part D sponsor. We proposed to have the appeals of CMPs 
go to an ALJ while the appeals of other actions, such as an 
intermediate sanction or a termination, will be before a CMS hearing 
official. Although the same underlying conduct may be the basis for 
both actions we believe that the separate processes would result in 
more consistent decision making by hearing officers and ALJs. We did 
not receive any comments on this provision and are adopting as 
proposed.
    In addition, in preparing this final rule with comment period, we 
recognized that we inadvertently omitted some corresponding revisions 
to the existing regulatory text. These changes are necessary to 
implement the policies that we articulated in the proposed rule and are 
finalizing here. Specifically, we are revising Sec.  422.756(c) and 
Sec.  423.756(c) to reflect the fact that we have eliminated the 
reconsideration process and that an intermediate sanction imposed by 
CMS will go into effect on the date specified in the notice (15 days 
after the date of notification) and a reconsideration, or now an appeal 
to a hearing officer, will not delay the effective date of the 
sanction. See page 29379 of the proposed rule. We are also revising 
Sec. Sec.  422.756(d) and 423.756(d) to reflect the fact that we have 
eliminated the reconsideration process, that an appeal will not delay 
the effective date of the sanction, and that where the exception at 
Sec.  422.756(d)(2) or Sec.  423.756(d)(2) applies, CMS may make the 
sanction effective on a specified date prior to 15 days after the date 
of notification. The changes to Sec.  422.756(d)(2) and Sec.  
423.756(d)(2) are consistent with our existing authority. We interpret 
the existing provisions to allow us to make a sanction effective at any 
time when there is a serious threat to an enrollee's health and safety, 
including prior to 15 days after notification. It is critical that we 
continue to have the ability to protect the interests of Part C and D 
enrollees by taking immediate action in some cases.
    In addition, upon review, we realized that some typographical 
corrections to the proposed regulatory text at Sec.  423.756(f) were 
necessary. Specifically, in the proposed rule, we realized that we had 
typographical errors at Sec.  423.756(f)(2) and (f)(2)(v). We have 
corrected the cross-reference to Sec.  423.509(c)(1) and replaced it 
with a cross-reference to Sec.  423.752(c)(1). We have also replaced 
the reference at (f)(2)(v) to Sec.  423.650 with a reference to Subpart 
T since those are now the appeals provisions that govern appeals of 
CMPs.
Sections Sec. Sec.  422.758 and 423.758--Collection of Civil Money 
Penalties Imposed by CMS
    At Sec.  422.758 and Sec.  423.758 we proposed to revise the 
section heading ``Maximum amount of civil money penalties imposed by 
CMS'' to read ``Collection of civil money penalties imposed by CMS.'' 
In addition, we proposed to revise Sec.  422.758 and Sec.  423.758. 
Specifically, we proposed that we would initiate collection of the CMPs 
if the MA organization or Part D sponsor does not timely request a 
hearing, or if our decision to impose a CMP is upheld by an ALJ. We did 
not receive any comments on this provision and are adopting as 
proposed.
Sections Sec. Sec.  422.760 and 423.760--Determinations Regarding the 
Amount of Civil Money Penalties and Assessment Imposed By CMS
    We proposed redesignating the existing Sec.  422.760 as Sec.  
422.764 and redesignating the existing Sec.  423.760 as Sec.  423.764 
because in this rule we have explicitly outlined the CMP appeals 
procedures in proposed subpart T in parts 422 and 423.
    We proposed adding a new Sec.  422.760 and Sec.  423.760 to clarify 
that we use the statutory factors in section 1128(A) of the Act in 
determining the appropriate amount of civil money penalties or 
assessments to impose on an MA organization or Part D sponsor. These 
factors, if applicable, include the nature of the conduct, the degree 
of culpability, the prior history of offenses, the financial condition 
of the MA organization or Medicare Part D sponsor presenting the 
claims, and other matters as fair administration may require. These 
factors are based on the same statutory factors used in other Medicare 
enforcement programs, including the nursing facility enforcement 
context.
    We also proposed to clarify, in Sec.  422.760(b) and Sec.  
423.760(b), the amounts that may be assessed for CMPs that we impose.
    Comment: We received a comment stating that we should provide for 
additional mitigating factors that would affect the penalty 
determination as a result of the MA organization or Part D sponsor's 
noncompliance/deficiencies. The commenter suggested that we review 
mitigating factors such as the corrective action that the organization 
has taken and the nature and extent to which the organization has 
cooperated with CMS.
    Response: We have reviewed the comment and believe that 
consideration of mitigating factors is already included in the proposed 
provision. We state that factors that may be reviewed include the 
degree of culpability of the MA organization, the history of the prior 
offenses by the organization and other matters as justice may require. 
We believe these proposed factors provide sufficient opportunity for us 
to adjust

[[Page 68717]]

sanctions as warranted. We are finalizing our proposal without 
modification.
Sections Sec. Sec.  422.762 and 423.762--Settlement of Penalties
    We proposed to add a new Sec.  422.762 and Sec.  423.762 to clarify 
that in accordance with section 1128A(f) of the Act, we have the 
authority to settle CMPs imposed by us. This provision would make it 
explicit that the parties may agree to settle the dispute instead of 
litigating an appeal. We did not receive any comments on this provision 
and are adopting as proposed.
Sections Sec. Sec.  422.764 and 423.764--Other Applicable Provisions
    We proposed to redesignate Sec.  422.760 and Sec.  423.760 as Sec.  
422.764 and Sec.  423.764 respectively to conform to the changes 
proposed at the new Sec.  422.760 and Sec.  423.760. No substantive 
changes to the text were proposed. We did not receive any comments on 
this provision and are adopting it as proposed.
Subpart T--Appeal Procedures for Civil Money Penalties
    We proposed to reserve subparts P, Q, R, and S in Part 422. In 
addition, we proposed to add a new subpart T in Part 422 and Part 423, 
respectively. These new subparts would outline the CMP appeal 
procedures for MA organizations and Part D sponsors.
    Our current MA and Part D regulations do not specify which 
procedures an MA organization or Part D sponsor must use to appeal a 
CMS-imposed penalty under either of these two programs. The regulations 
at 42 CFR part 422.760 and 42 CFR part 423.760 state only that the 
provisions of section 1128A of the Act (except paragraphs (a) and (b)) 
apply to CMPs under this subpart to the same extent that they apply to 
a CMP or procedure under section 1128A of the Act. Nor have we issued 
any guidance directing parties to the appropriate appeals procedures 
for MA and Part D CMPs.
    Therefore, to ensure a consistent approach in this area, we 
proposed incorporating appeals procedures for parties to use when 
appealing a CMP imposed under the MA or Part D program in a new subpart 
T in Parts 422 and 423 respectively.
    Based on certain statutory requirements and policy considerations, 
we proposed to adopt CMP appeals procedures almost identical to those 
in part 498 of Title 42, which are used by certain Medicare providers 
and suppliers to challenge adverse agency enforcement decisions. Part 
498 sets forth the rules for administrative and judicial review of CMS 
determinations that affect participation in the Medicare and Medicaid 
programs for a wide array of medical providers of services. These 
rules, issued on June 12, 1987 (52 FR 22446), have been used by CMS for 
more than 20 years and provide established appeals procedures for 
various types of adverse agency determinations, including civil money 
penalties imposed on nursing facilities. For numerous reasons laid out 
in the proposed rule, we believe the part 498 appeals procedures are 
the most appropriate procedures to use for hearing disputes involving a 
wide range of violations. We did not receive any comments on this 
provision and are generally adopting it as proposed. We are making a 
technical revision to remove proposed paragraphs Sec.  422.1004(a)(2) 
and (a)(3), and Sec.  423.1004(a)(2) and (a)(3) because they were 
inadvertently retained from the part 498 procedures.
    While the statute authorizing CMPs in the MA and Part D programs 
requires the provisions of section 1128A of the Act, (except for 
subsections (a) and (b)), to apply to MA and Part D CMP proceedings, it 
does not require that section 1128A's provisions apply to other CMP 
appeals procedures in the exact same manner, or without some 
consideration for the MA or Part D program's unique characteristics. In 
fact, section 1857(g)'s ``same manner'' language appears throughout the 
Act and serves as the statutory basis for several different types of 
CMP enforcement and appeals procedures. Because program violations may 
vary by the type and nature of the violation, we have modified our CMP 
appeal procedures when necessary. Since the MA and Part D programs 
differ from the nursing facility program, we proposed modifying certain 
sections of part 498 to take into account some of these differences.
    For example, we proposed removing the reconsideration step in the 
MA and Part D CMP appeals procedures since this step in part 498 only 
applies to initial determinations made for prospective providers 
entering the Medicare or Medicaid program and is not applicable to CMP 
appeals. Removing the reconsideration step in subpart T would also help 
expedite the CMP appeals process.
    Since it is not clearly stated in part 498's regulations, we 
proposed to make explicit in our regulations that in a hearing of a CMP 
appeal before an ALJ or the Departmental Appeals Board (DAB), the 
ultimate burden of persuasion would rest on the MA organization or Part 
D sponsor. See the proposed rule for instances when the DAB has held 
that in a provider termination proceeding by the Secretary, the 
facility bears the ultimate burden of proving it is in compliance with 
program requirements (Hillman Rehabilitation Center, DAB No.1611 
(1999), aff'd Hillman Rehabilitation Center v. U.S. No.98-3789 (GEB) 
(D.N.J. May 13, 1999)). We believe the administrative caselaw supports 
our decision to place the burden of proof on the affected party in an 
administrative hearing on the imposition of MA and Part D CMPs. We did 
not receive any comments on this provision and are finalizing it as 
proposed.

III. Provisions of the Final Rule With Comment Period

    In this final rule with comment period, we are adopting the 
provisions as set forth in the May 25, 2007 proposed rule with the 
following revisions:
    Amend Sec.  422.2, ``Definitions,'' by--
     Revising the proposed definition of the term ``downstream 
entity'' to read as follows: Downstream entity means any party that 
enters into a written arrangement, acceptable to CMS, with persons or 
entities involved with the MA benefit, below the level of the 
arrangement between an a MA organization (or applicant) and a first 
tier entity. These written arrangements continue down to the level of 
the ultimate provider of both health and administrative services.
    Amend Sec.  422.503 ``General Provisions'' by--
     Revising proposed paragraph (b)(4)(vi)(G)(3) to read as 
follows: The MA organization should have procedures to voluntarily 
self-report potential fraud or misconduct related to the MA program to 
CMS or its designee.
    Amend Sec.  422.504 ``Contract provisions'' by--
     Revising proposed paragraph (e)(2) for clarity.
     Revising proposed paragraph (i)(2)(i) for clarity.
     Revising paragraphs (i)(3) introductory text, (i)(3)(ii), 
and (i)(3)(iii) for clarity, and by deleting the term ``providers.''
     Revising paragraph (i)(4) introductory text by deleting 
the phrase ``provider or.''
    Amend Sec.  422.506 by--
     Revising proposed paragraph (b)(2)(i) to make the date of 
notice of nonrenewal by CMS August 1.
     Revising proposed paragraph (b)(3)(i) to clarify that a MA 
organizat