[Federal Register: August 2, 2007 (Volume 72, Number 148)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Page 42349-42354]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr02au07-28]
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA-R04-OAR-2007-0251-200719; FRL-8449-3]
Approval of Implementation Plans of Georgia: Clean Air Interstate
Rule
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
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SUMMARY: EPA is proposing to approve a revision to the Georgia State
Implementation Plan (SIP) submitted on March 28, 2007. This revision
addresses the requirements of EPA's Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR),
promulgated on May 12, 2005, and subsequently revised on April 28,
2006, and December 13, 2006. EPA is proposing to determine that the SIP
revision fully implements the CAIR requirements for Georgia. Therefore,
as a consequence of the SIP approval, EPA will also withdraw the CAIR
Federal Implementation Plans (CAIR FIPs) concerning sulfur dioxide
(SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) annual emissions
for Georgia. The CAIR FIPs for all States in the CAIR region were
promulgated on April 28, 2006, and subsequently revised on December 13,
2006.
CAIR requires States to reduce emissions of SO2 and
NOX that significantly contribute to nonattainment of, and
interfere with maintenance of, the national ambient air quality
standards (NAAQS) for fine particulates and/or ozone in any downwind
state. CAIR establishes State budgets for SO2 and
NOX and requires States to submit SIP revisions that
implement these budgets in States that EPA concluded did contribute to
nonattainment in downwind states. States have the flexibility to choose
which control measures to adopt to achieve the budgets, including
participating in the EPA-administered cap-and-trade programs. In the
SIP revision that EPA is proposing to approve, Georgia would meet CAIR
requirements by participating in the EPA-administered cap-and-trade
programs addressing SO2 and NOX annual emissions.
DATES: Comments must be received on or before September 4, 2007.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R04-
OAR-2007-0251, by one of the following methods:
1. http://www.regulations.gov: Follow the online instructions for
submitting comments.
2. E-mail: harder.stacy@epa.gov.
3. Fax: 404-562-9019.
4. Mail: ``EPA-R04-OAR-2007-0251,'' Regulatory Development Section,
Air Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and Toxics Management Division,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4, 61 Forsyth Street, SW.,
Atlanta, Georgia 30303-8960.
5. Hand Delivery or Courier: Stacy Harder, Regulatory Development
Section, Air Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and Toxics Management
Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4, 61 Forsyth
Street, SW., Atlanta, Georgia 30303-8960. Such deliveries are only
accepted during the Regional Office's normal hours of operation. The
Regional Office's official hours of business are Monday through Friday,
8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., excluding federal holidays.
Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. ``EPA-R04-OAR-
2007-0251.'' EPA's policy is that all comments received will be
included in the public docket without change and may be made available
online at http://www.regulations.gov, including any personal
information provided, unless the comment includes information claimed
to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Do not submit through http://www.regulations.gov
or e-mail, information that you consider to be CBI
or otherwise protected. The http://www.regulations.gov website is an
``anonymous access'' system, which means EPA will not know your
identity or contact information, unless you provide it in the body of
your comment. If you send an e-mail comment directly to EPA without
going through http://www.regulations.gov, your e-mail address will be
automatically captured and included as part of the comment that is
placed in the public docket and made available on the Internet. If you
submit an electronic comment, EPA recommends that you include your name
and other contact information in the body of your comment and with any
disk or CD-ROM you submit. If EPA cannot read your comment due to
technical difficulties and cannot contact
[[Page 42350]]
you for clarification, EPA may not be able to consider your comment.
Electronic files should avoid the use of special characters and any
form of encryption and should be free of any defects or viruses. For
additional information about EPA's public docket visit the EPA Docket
Center homepage at http://www.epa.gov/epahome/dockets.htm.
Docket: All documents in the electronic docket are listed in the
http://www.regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some
information is not publicly available, i.e., CBI or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such
as copyrighted material, is not placed on the Internet and will be
publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly available docket
materials are available either electronically in http://www.regulations.gov
or in hard copy at the Regulatory Development
Section, Air Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and Toxics Management
Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4, 61 Forsyth
Street, SW., Atlanta, Georgia 30303-8960. EPA requests that if at all
possible, you contact the person listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
CONTACT section to schedule your inspection. The Regional Office's
official hours of business are Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 4:30
p.m., excluding federal holidays.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: If you have questions concerning this
proposal, please contact Ms. Stacy Harder, Regulatory Development
Section, Air Planning Branch, Air, Pesticides and Toxics Management
Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4, 61 Forsyth
Street, SW., Atlanta, Georgia 30303-8960. The telephone number is (404)
562-9042. Ms. Harder can also be reached via electronic mail at
harder.stacy@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Table of Contents
I. What Actions Is EPA Proposing To Take?
II. What Is the Regulatory History of CAIR and the CAIR FIPs?
III. What Are the General Requirements of CAIR and the CAIR FIPs?
IV. What Are the Types of CAIR SIP Submittals?
V. Analysis of Georgia's CAIR SIP Submittal
A. State Budgets for Allowance Allocations
B. CAIR Cap-and-Trade Programs
C. Applicability Provisions for Non-EGU NOX SIP Call
Sources
D. NOX Allowance Allocations
E. Allocation of NOX Allowances From Compliance
Supplement Pool
F. Individual Opt-In Units
VI. Proposed Actions
VII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
I. What Action Is EPA Proposing to Take?
EPA is proposing to approve a revision to Georgia's SIP, submitted
on March 28, 2007. In its SIP revision, Georgia would meet CAIR
requirements by requiring certain electric generating units (EGUs) to
participate in the EPA-administered State CAIR cap-and-trade programs
addressing SO2 and NOX annual emissions. EPA is
proposing to determine that the SIP, as revised, will meet the
applicable requirements of CAIR. Any final action approving the SIP
will be taken by the Regional Administrator for Region 4. As a
consequence of the SIP approval, the Administrator of EPA will also
issue a final rule to withdraw the FIPs concerning SO2 and
NOX annual emissions for Georgia. This action will delete
and reserve 40 CFR 52.584 and 40 CFR 52.585. The withdrawal of the CAIR
FIPs for Georgia is a conforming amendment that must be made once the
SIP is approved because EPA's authority to issue the FIPs was premised
on a deficiency in the SIP for Georgia. Once the SIP is fully approved,
EPA no longer has authority for the FIPs. Thus, EPA will not have the
option of maintaining the FIPs following the full SIP approval.
Accordingly, EPA does not intend to offer an opportunity for a public
hearing or an additional opportunity for written public comment on the
withdrawal of the FIPs.
II. What Is the Regulatory History of the CAIR and the CAIR FIPs?
CAIR was published by EPA on May 12, 2005 (70 FR 25162). In this
rule, EPA determined that 28 States and the District of Columbia
contribute significantly to nonattainment and interfere with
maintenance of the NAAQS for fine particles (PM2.5) and/or
8-hour ozone in downwind States in the eastern part of the country. As
a result, EPA required those upwind States to revise their SIPs to
include control measures that reduce emissions of SO2, which
is a precursor to PM2.5 formation, and/or NOX,
which is a precursor to both ozone and PM2.5 formation. For
jurisdictions that contribute significantly to downwind
PM2.5 nonattainment, CAIR sets annual State-wide emission
reduction requirements (i.e., budgets) for SO2 and annual
State-wide emission reduction requirements for NOX.
Similarly, for jurisdictions that contribute significantly to 8-hour
ozone nonattainment, CAIR sets State-wide emission reduction
requirements for NOX for the ozone season (May 1st to
September 30th). Under CAIR, States may implement these reduction
requirements by participating in the EPA-administered cap-and-trade
programs or by adopting any other control measures.
CAIR explains to subject States what must be included in SIPs to
address the requirements of section 110(a)(2)(D) of the Clean Air Act
(CAA) with regard to interstate transport with respect to the 8-hour
ozone and PM2.5 NAAQS. EPA made national findings, effective
on May 25, 2005, that the States had failed to submit SIPs meeting the
requirements of section 110(a)(2)(D). The SIPs were due in July 2000,
three years after the promulgation of the 8-hour ozone and
PM2.5 NAAQS. These findings started a two-year clock for EPA
to promulgate a FIP to address the requirements of section
110(a)(2)(D). Under CAA section 110(c)(1), EPA may issue a FIP anytime
after such findings are made and must do so within two years, unless a
SIP revision correcting the deficiency is approved by EPA before the
FIP is promulgated.
On April 28, 2006, EPA promulgated FIPs for all States covered by
CAIR in order to ensure the emissions reductions required by CAIR are
achieved on schedule. Each CAIR State is subject to the FIPs until the
State fully adopts, and EPA approves, a SIP revision meeting the
requirements of CAIR. The CAIR FIPs require EGUs to participate in the
EPA-administered CAIR SO2, NOX annual, and
NOX ozone season trading programs, as appropriate. The CAIR
FIP SO2, NOX annual, and NOX ozone
season trading programs impose essentially the same requirements as,
and are integrated with, the respective CAIR SIP trading programs. The
integration of the FIP and SIP trading programs means that these
trading programs will work together to create effectively a single
trading program for each regulated pollutant (SO2,
NOX annual, and NOX ozone season) in all States
covered by the CAIR FIP or SIP trading program for that pollutant. The
CAIR FIPs also allow States to submit abbreviated SIP revisions that,
if approved by EPA, will automatically replace or supplement certain
CAIR FIP provisions (e.g., the methodology for allocating
NOX allowances to sources in the State), while the CAIR FIP
remains in place for all other provisions.
On April 28, 2006, EPA published two additional CAIR-related final
rules that added the States of Delaware and New Jersey to the list of
States subject to CAIR for PM2.5 and announced EPA's final
decisions on reconsideration of five issues, without making any
substantive changes to the CAIR requirements.
[[Page 42351]]
III. What are the General Requirements of CAIR and the CAIR FIPs?
CAIR establishes State-wide emission budgets for SO2 and
NOX and is to be implemented in two phases. The first phase
of NOX reductions starts in 2009 and continues through 2014,
while the first phase of SO2 reductions starts in 2010 and
continues through 2014. The second phase of reductions for both
NOX and SO2 starts in 2015 and continues
thereafter. CAIR requires States to implement the budgets by either:
(1) Requiring EGUs to participate in the EPA-administered cap-and-trade
programs; or (2) adopting other control measures of the State's
choosing and demonstrating that such control measures will result in
compliance with the applicable State SO2 and NOX
budgets.
The May 12, 2005, and April 28, 2006, CAIR rules provide model
rules that States must adopt (with certain limited changes, if desired)
if they want to participate in the EPA-administered trading programs.
With two exceptions, only States that choose to meet the
requirements of CAIR through methods that exclusively regulate EGUs are
allowed to participate in the EPA-administered trading programs. One
exception is for States that adopt the opt-in provisions of the model
rules to allow non-EGUs individually to opt into the EPA-administered
trading programs. The other exception is for States that include all
non-EGUs from their NOX SIP Call trading programs in their
CAIR NOX ozone season trading programs.
IV. What are the Types of CAIR SIP Submittals?
States have the flexibility to choose the type of control measures
they will use to meet the requirements of CAIR. EPA anticipates that
most States will choose to meet the CAIR requirements by selecting an
option that requires EGUs to participate in the EPA-administered CAIR
cap-and-trade programs. For such States, EPA has provided two
approaches for submitting and obtaining approval for CAIR SIP
revisions. States may submit full SIP revisions that adopt the model
CAIR cap-and-trade rules. If approved, these SIP revisions will fully
replace the CAIR FIPs. Alternatively, States may submit abbreviated SIP
revisions. These SIP revisions will not replace the CAIR FIPs; however,
the CAIR FIPs provide that, when approved, the provisions in these
abbreviated SIP revisions will be used instead of or in conjunction
with, as appropriate, the corresponding provisions of the CAIR FIPs
(e.g., the NOX allowance allocation methodology).
A State submitting a full SIP revision may either adopt regulations
that are substantively identical to the model rules or incorporate by
reference the model rules. CAIR provides that States may only make
limited changes to the model rules, if the States want to participate
in the EPA-administered trading programs. A full SIP revision may
change the model rules only by altering their applicability and
allowance allocation provisions to:
1. Include NOX SIP Call trading sources that are not
EGUs under CAIR in the CAIR NOX ozone season trading
program;
2. Provide for State allocation of NOX annual or ozone
season allowances using a methodology chosen by the State;
3. Provide for State allocation of NOX annual allowances
from the compliance supplement pool (CSP) using the State's choice of
allowed, alternative methodologies; or
4. Allow units that are not otherwise CAIR units to opt
individually into the CAIR SO2, NOX annual, or
NOX ozone season trading programs under the opt-in
provisions in the model rules.
An approved CAIR full SIP revision addressing EGUs' SO2,
NOX annual, or NOX ozone season emissions will
replace the CAIR FIP for that State for the respective EGU emissions.
V. Analysis of Georgia's CAIR SIP Submittal
A. State Budgets for Allowance Allocations
The CAIR NOX annual and ozone season budgets were
developed from historical heat input data for EGUs. Using these data,
EPA calculated annual and ozone season regional heat input values,
which were multiplied by 0.15 pounds per million British thermal units
(0.15lb/mmBtu), for phase 1, and 0.125 lb/mmBtu, for phase 2, to obtain
regional NOX budgets for 2009-2014 and for 2015 and
thereafter, respectively. EPA derived the State NOX annual
and ozone season budgets from the regional budgets using State heat
input data adjusted by fuel factors.
The CAIR State SO2 budgets were derived by discounting
the tonnage of emissions authorized by annual allowance allocations
under the Acid Rain Program under title IV of the CAA. Under CAIR, each
allowance allocated in the Acid Rain Program for the years in phase 1
of CAIR (2010 through 2014) authorizes 0.5 ton of SO2
emissions in the CAIR trading program, and each Acid Rain Program
allowance allocated for the years in phase 2 of CAIR (2015 and
thereafter) authorizes 0.35 ton of SO2 emissions in the CAIR
trading program.
In this action, EPA is proposing approval of Georgia's SIP revision
that adopts the budgets established for the State in CAIR, i.e., 66,321
(2009-2014) and 55,268 (2015-thereafter) tons for NOX annual
emissions, and 213,057 (2010-2014) and 149,140 (2015-thereafter) tons
for SO2 emissions. Georgia's SIP revision sets these budgets
as the total amounts of allowances available for allocation for each
year under the EPA-administered cap-and-trade programs.
B. CAIR Cap-and-Trade Programs
The CAIR NOX annual and ozone-season model trading rules
both largely mirror the structure of the NOX SIP Call model
trading rule in 40 CFR part 96, subparts A through I. While the
provisions of the NOX annual and ozone-season model rules
are similar, there are some differences. For example, the
NOX annual model rule (but not the NOX ozone
season model rule) provides for a CSP, which is discussed below and
under which allowances may be awarded for early reductions of
NOX annual emissions. As a further example, the
NOX ozone season model rule reflects the fact that the CAIR
NOX ozone season trading program replaces the NOX
SIP Call trading program after the 2008 ozone season and is coordinated
with the NOX SIP Call program. The NOX ozone
season model rule provides incentives for early emissions reductions by
allowing banked, pre-2009 NOX SIP Call allowances to be used
for compliance in the CAIR NOX ozone-season trading program.
In addition, States have the option of continuing to meet their
NOX SIP Call requirement by participating in the CAIR
NOX ozone season trading program and including all their
NOX SIP Call trading sources in that program.
The provisions of the CAIR SO2 model rule are also
similar to the provisions of the NOX annual and ozone season
model rules. However, the SO2 model rule is coordinated with
the ongoing Acid Rain SO2 cap-and-trade program under CAA
title IV. The SO2 model rule uses the title IV allowances
for compliance, with each allowance allocated for 2010-2014 authorizing
only 0.50 ton of emissions and each allowance allocated for 2015 and
thereafter authorizing only 0.35 ton of emissions. Banked title IV
allowances allocated for years before 2010 can be used at any time in
the CAIR SO2 cap-and-trade program, with each such allowance
authorizing one ton of
[[Page 42352]]
emissions. Title IV allowances are to be freely transferable among
sources covered by the Acid Rain Program and sources covered by the
CAIR SO2 cap-and-trade program.
EPA also used the CAIR model trading rules as the basis for the
trading programs in the CAIR FIPs. The CAIR FIP trading rules are
virtually identical to the CAIR model trading rules, with changes made
to account for federal rather than state implementation. The CAIR model
SO2, NOX annual, and NOX ozone season
trading rules and the respective CAIR FIP trading rules are designed to
work together as integrated SO2, NOX annual, and
NOX ozone season trading programs.
In the SIP revision, Georgia chooses to implement its CAIR budgets
by requiring EGUs to participate in EPA-administered cap-and-trade
programs for SO2 and NOX annual emissions.
Georgia has adopted a full SIP revision that adopts, with certain
allowed changes discussed below, the CAIR model cap-and-trade rules for
SO2, and NOX annual emissions.
C. Applicability Provisions for Non-EGU NOX SIP Call Sources
In general, the CAIR model trading rules apply to any stationary,
fossil-fuel-fired boiler or stationary, fossil-fuel-fired combustion
turbine serving at any time, since the later of November 15, 1990, or
the start-up of the unit's combustion chamber, a generator with
nameplate capacity of more than 25 MWe producing electricity for sale.
States have the option of bringing in, for the CAIR NOX
ozone season program only, those units in the State's NOX
SIP Call trading program that are not EGUs as defined under CAIR. EPA
advises States exercising this option to add the applicability
provisions in the State's NOX SIP Call trading rule for non-
EGUs to the applicability provisions in 40 CFR 96.304 in order to
include in the CAIR NOX ozone season trading program all
units required to be in the State's NOX SIP Call trading
program that are not already included under 40 CFR 96.304. Under this
option, the CAIR NOX ozone season program must cover all
large industrial boilers and combustion turbines, as well as any small
EGUs (i.e. units serving a generator with a nameplate capacity of 25
MWe or less) that the State currently requires to be in the
NOX SIP Call trading program.
Because Georgia is not subject to the CAIR NOX ozone
season requirements, Georgia will not participate in the CAIR
NOX ozone season trading program and therefore did not have
an option of expanding the applicability provisions of the CAIR
NOX ozone season trading program to include all non-EGUs in
the State's NOX SIP Call trading program.
D. NOX Allowance Allocations
Under the NOX allowance allocation methodology in the
CAIR model trading rules and in the CAIR FIP, NOX annual and
ozone season allowances are allocated to units that have operated for
five years, based on heat input data from a three-year period that are
adjusted for fuel type by using fuel factors of 1.0 for coal, 0.6 for
oil, and 0.4 for other fuels. The CAIR model trading rules and the CAIR
FIP also provide a new unit set-aside from which units without five
years of operation are allocated allowances based on the units' prior
year emissions.
States may establish in their SIP submissions a different
NOX allowance allocation methodology that will be used to
allocate allowances to sources in the States, if certain requirements
are met concerning the timing of submission of units' allocations to
the Administrator for recordation and the total amount of allowances
allocated for each control period. In adopting alternative
NOX allowance allocation methodologies, States have
flexibility with regard to:
1. The cost to recipients of the allowances, which may be
distributed for free or auctioned;
2. The frequency of allocations;
3. The basis for allocating allowances, which may be distributed,
for example, based on historical heat input or electric and thermal
output; and
4. The use of allowance set-asides and, if used, their size.
Georgia has chosen to replace the provisions of the CAIR
NOX annual model trading rule concerning the allocation of
NOX annual allowances with its own methodology. Georgia has
chosen to distribute NOX annual allowances based upon
allocation methods for both existing and new units. Georgia defines an
existing unit as one that commences operation prior to January 1, 2006,
rather than 2001 as in EPA's model rule. Georgia defines new sources as
those that have commenced operation on or after January 1, 2006, and do
not yet have a baseline heat input. Under Georgia's cap and trade
program, allowances will be allocated to EGUs in an amount no greater
than the NOX budget established in EPA's model rule.
Allocations are based on the highest annual amount of heat input during
a baseline period, using heat input figures that are fuel-adjusted as
set forth in EPA's model rule. Allowances are initially allocated for
2010 through 2011 and are allocated on a year-by-year basis, about
three years in advance, for 2012 and each subsequent year. The baseline
period for initial allocations is 2001-2005, and will be updated
annually for subsequent allocations. For years 2010 and thereafter, 97
percent of the budget will be allocated to existing sources, with the
remaining three percent allocated to new sources. A new-unit set aside
will be established for each control period, and will be allocated CAIR
NOX allowances equal to 1,990 and 1,658 for control periods
2009-2014, and 2015 and thereafter, respectively.
However, the new-unit set aside provisions in Georgia's rule
contain certain cross-citation errors and, for example (in Rule 391-3-
1.02(12)(f)(3)(iii)), inadvertently fail to reference the provisions
establishing the size of the new-unit set aside. Further, the allowance
recordation provisions in Georgia's rule contain certain citation
errors and establish deadlines for the EPA Administrator's recordation
of the allowance allocations in the allowance tracking system that are
inconsistent with the allocation schedule established in Georgia's
rule. While the allocation schedule requires allocations to be made
about three years in advance, the recordation schedule (in Rule 391-3-
1-.02(g)(1)(i) and (ii)) does not require allocations to be recorded in
advance at all. Georgia indicated in its response to comments in its
CAIR SIP rulemaking that the State will revise the rule to correct all
of these errors. See Responses to Comments Received During the Public
Comment Period Regarding Proposed Revisions to Air Quality Rules,
Chapter 391-3-1 at C.-10 through C-11 (February 12, 2007). Moreover,
EPA interprets Georgia's existing rule to limit total annual
allocations to new units to the amount of the allowances in the
applicable new-unit set aside and intends to record allowances in a
manner consistent with the allocation schedule.
E. Allocation of NOX Allowances From Compliance Supplement
Pool
The CAIR rule establishes a CSP to provide an incentive for early
reductions in NOX annual emissions. The CSP consists of
200,000 CAIR NOX annual allowances of vintage 2009 for the
entire CAIR region, and a State's share of the CSP is based upon the
projected magnitude of the emission reductions required by CAIR in that
State. States may distribute CSP allowances, one allowance for each ton
of early reduction, to sources that make NOX reductions
during 2007 or 2008 beyond what is required by any applicable State or
Federal emission limitation. States also may distribute
[[Page 42353]]
CSP allowances based upon a demonstration of need for an extension of
the 2009 deadline for implementing emission controls.
The CAIR annual NOX model trading rule establishes
specific methodologies for allocations of CSP allowances. States may
choose an allowed, alternative CSP allocation methodology to be used to
allocate CSP allowances to sources in the States.
Georgia has not chosen to modify the provisions of the CAIR
NOX annual model trading rule concerning the allocation of
allowances from the CSP. Georgia has chosen to distribute CSP
allowances using an allocation methodology that is the same as EPA's
model rule. The CSP provides up to 12,397 CAIR NOX annual
allowances to be allocated by the State for 2009.
F. Individual Opt-In Units
The opt-in provisions of the CAIR SIP model trading rules allow
certain non-EGUs (i.e., boilers, combustion turbines, and other
stationary fossil-fuel-fired devices) that do not meet the
applicability criteria for a CAIR trading program to participate
voluntarily in (i.e., opt into) the CAIR trading program. A non-EGU may
opt into one or more of the CAIR trading programs. In order to qualify
to opt into a CAIR trading program, a unit must vent all emissions
through a stack and be able to meet monitoring, recordkeeping, and
recording requirements of 40 CFR part 75. The owners and operators
seeking to opt a unit into a CAIR trading program must apply for a CAIR
opt-in permit. If the unit is issued a CAIR opt-in permit, the unit
becomes a CAIR unit, is allocated allowances, and must meet the same
allowance-holding and emissions monitoring and reporting requirements
as other units subject to the CAIR trading program. The opt-in
provisions provide for two methodologies for allocating allowances for
opt-in units, one methodology that applies to opt-in units in general
and a second methodology that allocates allowances only to opt-in units
that the owners and operators intend to repower before January 1, 2015.
States have several options concerning the opt-in provisions.
States may adopt the CAIR opt-in provisions entirely or may adopt them
but exclude one of the methodologies for allocating allowances. States
may also decline to adopt the opt-in provisions at all.
Georgia has chosen not to allow non-EGUs meeting certain
requirements to opt into the CAIR NOX annual trading
program.
Georgia has chosen not to allow certain non-EGUs to opt into the
CAIR SO2 trading program.
VI. Proposed Actions
EPA is proposing to approve Georgia's full CAIR SIP revision
submitted on March 28, 2007. Under this SIP revision, Georgia is
choosing to participate in the EPA-administered cap-and-trade programs
for SO2 and NOX annual emissions. The SIP
revision (interpreted by EPA as discussed above) meets the applicable
requirements in 40 CFR 51.123(o) and (aa), with regard to NOX
annual emissions, and 40 CFR 51.124(o), with regard to SO2
emissions. Further, Georgia has agreed to make the technical
corrections discussed above to clarify the allowance allocation
procedures and make the allowance recordation procedures consistent
with the allocation procedures. Therefore, EPA is proposing to
determine that the SIP, as revised, will meet the requirements of CAIR.
As a consequence of the SIP approval, the Administrator of EPA will
also issue, without providing an opportunity for a public hearing or an
additional opportunity for written public comment, a final rule to
withdraw the CAIR FIPs concerning SO2 and NOX
annual emissions for Georgia. This action will delete and reserve 40
CFR 52.584 and 40 CFR 52.585.
VII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
Under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993), this
action is not a ``significant regulatory action'' and therefore is not
subject to review by the Office of Management and Budget. For this
reason, this action is also not subject to Executive Order 13211,
``Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy
Supply, Distribution, or Use'' (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001). This action
merely proposes to approve State law as meeting Federal requirements
and would impose no additional requirements beyond those imposed by
State law. Accordingly, the Administrator certifies that this proposed
rule would not have a significant economic impact on a substantial
number of small entities under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C.
601 et seq.). Because this action proposes to approve pre-existing
requirements under State law and would not impose any additional
enforceable duty beyond that required by State law, it does not contain
any unfunded mandate or significantly or uniquely affect small
governments, as described in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
(Pub. L. 104-4).
This proposal also does not have tribal implications because it
would not have a substantial direct effect on one or more Indian
tribes, on the relationship between the Federal Government and Indian
tribes, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities between
the Federal Government and Indian tribes, as specified by Executive
Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000). This proposed action also
does not have Federalism implications because it would not have
substantial direct effects on the States, on the relationship between
the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power
and responsibilities among the various levels of government, as
specified in Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999). This
action merely proposes to approve a State rule implementing a Federal
standard and will result, as a consequence of that approval, in the
Administrator's withdrawal of the CAIR FIP. It does not alter the
relationship or the distribution of power and responsibilities
established in the CAA. This proposed rule also is not subject to
Executive Order 13045 ``Protection of Children from Environmental
Health Risks and Safety Risks'' (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997), because
it would approve a State rule implementing a Federal Standard.
In reviewing SIP submissions, EPA's role is to approve State
choices, provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. In this
context, in the absence of a prior existing requirement for the State
to use voluntary consensus standards (VCS), EPA has no authority to
disapprove a SIP submission for failure to use VCS. It would thus be
inconsistent with applicable law for EPA, when it reviews a SIP
submission, to use VCS in place of a SIP submission that otherwise
satisfies the provisions of the CAA. Thus, the requirements of section
12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995
(15 U.S.C. 272 note) do not apply. This proposed rule would not impose
an information collection burden under the provisions of the Paperwork
Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.).
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Electric
utilities, Intergovernmental relations, Nitrogen oxides, Ozone,
Particulate matter, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Sulfur
dioxide.
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.
[[Page 42354]]
Dated: July 25, 2007.
J.I. Palmer, Jr.,
Regional Administrator, Region 4.
[FR Doc. E7-15055 Filed 8-1-07; 8:45 am]
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