[Federal Register Volume 73, Number 168 (Thursday, August 28, 2008)]
[Notices]
[Pages 50821-50824]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E8-19965]
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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Consolidated Vaccine Information Materials for Multiple Infant
Vaccines; Revised Instructions for Use of Vaccine Information
Statements
AGENCY: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Department of
Health and Human Services (HHS).
ACTION: Notice.
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SUMMARY: Under the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act (NCVIA) (42
U.S.C. Sec. 300aa-26), the CDC must develop vaccine information
materials that all health care providers are required to give to
patients/parents prior to administration of specific vaccines. CDC
seeks written comment on a proposed new vaccine information statement
that consolidates the six vaccine information statements for the
following childhood vaccines: DTaP, Haemophilus influenzae type b,
inactivated polio vaccine, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, hepatitis B,
and rotavirus. This consolidated Vaccine Information Statement would be
available to be used by vaccination providers as an alternative to
providing the six individual Vaccine Information Statements for the
same vaccines. On October 4, 2007, CDC published a notice in the
Federal Register (72 FR 56765) seeking public comments on the proposed
consolidated vaccine information materials. The 60 day comment period
ended on December 3, 2007. Following review of the comments submitted
and consultation as required under the law, CDC has finalized these
vaccine information materials. The final materials, and revised
instructions for their use and for use of materials for other covered
vaccines, are contained in this notice.
DATES: Beginning August 28, 2008, each health care provider who
administers vaccine that contains diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis,
hepatitis B, pneumococcal conjugate, inactivated polio, Haemophilus
influenzae type b, or rotavirus vaccines may, prior to administration
of each dose of these vaccines, provide a copy of the vaccine
information materials contained in this notice, dated January 30, 2008,
to the parent or legal representative of any child to whom such
provider intends to administer the vaccines, in lieu of providing
vaccine information materials for each individual vaccine.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Anne Schuchat, M.D., Director,
National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, Mailstop E-05, 1600 Clifton Road, NE.,
Atlanta, Georgia 30333, telephone (404) 639-8200.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of
1986 (Pub. L. 99-660), as amended by section 708 of Public Law 103-183,
added section 2126 to the Public Health Service Act. Section 2126,
codified at 42 U.S.C. 300aa-26, requires the Secretary of Health and
Human Services to develop and disseminate vaccine information materials
for distribution by all health care providers in the United States to
any patient (or to the parent or legal representative in the case of a
child) receiving vaccines covered under the National Vaccine Injury
Compensation Program.
Development and revision of the vaccine information materials, also
known as Vaccine Information Statements (VIS), have been delegated by
the Secretary to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Section 2126 requires that the materials be developed, or revised,
after notice to the public, with a 60-day comment period, and in
consultation with the Advisory Committee on Childhood Vaccines,
appropriate health care provider and parent organizations, and the Food
and Drug Administration. The law also requires that the information
contained in the materials be based on available data and information,
be presented in understandable terms, and include:
(1) A concise description of the benefits of the vaccine,
(2) a concise description of the risks associated with the vaccine,
(3) a statement of the availability of the National Vaccine Injury
Compensation Program, and
(4) such other relevant information as may be determined by the
Secretary.
The vaccines initially covered under the National Vaccine Injury
Compensation Program were diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, measles,
mumps, rubella and poliomyelitis vaccines. Since April 15, 1992, any
health care provider in the United States who intends to administer one
of these covered vaccines is required to provide copies of the relevant
vaccine information materials prior to administration of any of these
vaccines. Hepatitis B, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), varicella
(chickenpox), pneumococcal conjugate, hepatitis A, meningococcal
conjugate and polysaccharide, rotavirus, human papillomavirus (HPV),
and trivalent influenza vaccines have subsequently been added to the
National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program. Use of the Vaccine
Information Statements applicable to all of these vaccines, [except
meningococcal, rotavirus and HPV,] is also required. [(Interim versions
of Vaccine Information Statements for meningococcal, rotavirus and HPV
vaccines are available for discretionary use pending completion of the
statutory process for finalizing VISs applicable to those vaccines.)]
Instructions for use of the vaccine information materials and copies of
the materials can be found on the CDC Web site at: http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/vis. In addition, single camera-ready copies are
available from State health departments. A list of State health
department contacts for obtaining copies of these materials is included
in a December 17, 1999 Federal Register notice (64 FR 70914).
Consolidated Vaccine Information Materials
With six vaccines recommended for infants from birth through 6
months of age--all covered by the National Vaccine Injury Compensation
Program--CDC, as required under 42 U.S.C. 300aa-26, developed Vaccine
Information Statements for each of those vaccines. CDC proposed an
alternative consolidated Vaccine Information Statement covering those
six vaccines in one document, which providers could choose to use
instead of the existing individual Vaccine Information Statements for
the same vaccines.
Following consultation as required under the law and review of
comments submitted, these vaccine information materials have been
finalized and are contained in this notice. They are entitled Your
Baby's First Vaccines: What You Need to Know, and are dated January 30,
2008. CDC has also revised the Instructions for the Use of Vaccine
Information Statements. The revised instructions, dated May 12, 2008,
are included in this notice. These instructions and copies of the
materials for all covered vaccines can also be found on the CDC Web
site at: http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/VIS.
* * * * *
[[Page 50822]]
Instructions for the Use of Vaccine Information Statements
Required Use
1. Provide Vaccine Information Statement (VIS) when vaccination is
given.As required under the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act (42
U.S.C. Sec. 300aa-26), all health care providers in the United States
who administer, to any child or adult, any vaccine containing
diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, measles, mumps, rubella, polio,
hepatitis A, hepatitis B, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib),
trivalent influenza, pneumococcal conjugate, or varicella (chickenpox)
vaccine shall, prior to administration of each dose of the vaccine,
provide a copy to keep of the relevant current edition vaccine
information materials that have been produced by the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC):
--to the parent or legal representative\*\ of any child to whom the
provider intends to administer such vaccine, and
(\*\ ``Legal representative'' is defined as a parent or other
individual who is qualified under State law to consent to the
immunization of a minor or incompetent adult)
--to any adult to whom the provider intends to administer such vaccine.
(In the case of an incompetent adult, relevant VISs shall be provided
to the individual's legal representative.\*\ If the incompetent adult
is living in a long-term care facility, all relevant VISs may be
provided at the time of admission, or at the time of consent if later
than admission, rather than prior to each immunization.)
If there is not a single VIS for a combination vaccine, use the
VISs for all component vaccines.
The materials shall be supplemented with visual presentations or
oral explanations, as appropriate.
2. Record information for each VIS provided.
Health care providers shall make a notation in each patient's
permanent medical record at the time vaccine information materials are
provided indicating:
(1) The edition date of the Vaccine Information Statement
distributed, and
(2) the date the VIS was provided.
This recordkeeping requirement supplements the requirement of 42
U.S.C. 300aa-25 that all health care providers administering these
vaccines must record in the patient's permanent medical record (or in a
permanent office log):
(3) the name, address and title of the individual who administers
the vaccine,
(4) the date of administration, and
(5) the vaccine manufacturer and lot number of the vaccine used.
Applicability of State Law
Health care providers should consult their legal counsel to
determine additional State requirements pertaining to immunization. The
Federal requirement to provide the vaccine information materials
supplements any applicable State laws.
Availability of Copies
Single camera-ready copies of the vaccine information materials are
available from State health departments. Copies are also available on
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention'sWeb site at http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/vis. Copies are available in English and in
other languages.
Current VIS Editions
Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis (DTaP or DT): 5/17/07.
Haemophilus influenzae type b: 12/16/98.
Hepatitis A: 3/21/06.
Hepatitis B: 7/18/07.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV): 2/2/07\**\.
Inactivated Influenza: 7/24/08.
Live, Intranasal Influenza: 10/4/07.
Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR): 3/13/08.
Meningococcal: 1/28/08\**\.
Pneumococcal conjugate: 9/30/02.
Polio: 1/1/00.
Rotavirus: 4/12/06\**\.
Tetanus Diphtheria (Td): 6/10/94.
Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis (Tdap): 7/12/06.
Varicella (chickenpox): 3/13/08.
Multi-Vaccine: 1/30/08\***\.
\**\ Available interim VIS pending completion of statutory process.
\***\ This VIS is an optional alternative when two or more routine
childhood vaccines (i.e., DTaP, hepatitis B, Hib, pneumococcal, polio,
or rotavirus) are administered at the same visit.
Reference 42 U.S.C. 300aa-26.
5/12/08.
* * * * *
Multi-vaccine Vaccine Information Statement:
YOUR BABY'S FIRST VACCINES: WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Babies get six vaccines between birth and 6 months of age.
These vaccines protect your baby from 8 serious diseases (see the
next page).
Your baby will get vaccines today that prevent these diseases:
[cir] Hepatitis B
[cir] Polio
[cir] Pneumococcal Disease
[cir] Diphtheria, Tetanus & Pertussis
[cir] Rotavirus
[cir] Hib
(Provider: Check appropriate boxes)
These vaccines may be given separately, or some might be given
together in the same shot (for example, Hepatitis B and Hib can be
given together, and so can DTaP, Polio and Hepatitis B). These
``combination vaccines'' are as safe and effective as the individual
vaccines, and mean fewer shots for your baby.
These vaccines may all be given at the same visit. Getting several
shots at the same time will not harm your baby.
This ``Vaccine Information Statement'' (VIS) tells you about the
benefits and risks of these vaccines. It also contains information
about reporting an adverse reaction, the National Vaccine Injury
Compensation Program, and how to get more information about childhood
diseases and vaccines.
Please read this VIS before your child gets his or her
immunizations, and take it home with you afterward. Ask your doctor,
nurse, or other healthcare provider if you have questions.
Individual Vaccine Information Statements are also available for
these vaccines. Many Vaccine Information Statements are available in
Spanish and other languages. See http://www.immunize.org/vis.
Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Vaccine Information Statement, 42 U.S.C. 300aa-26, 1/30/2008.
Vaccine Benefits: Why Get Vaccinated?
Your children's first vaccines protect them from 8 serious
diseases, caused by viruses and bacteria. These diseases have injured
and killed many children (and adults) over the years. Polio paralyzed
about 37,000 people and killed about 1,700 each year in the 1950s
before there was a vaccine. In the 1980s, Hib disease was the leading
cause of bacterial meningitis in children under 5 years of age. About
15,000 people a year died from diphtheria before there was a vaccine.
Most children have had at least one rotavirus infection by their 5th
birthday.None of these diseases has completely disappeared. Without
vaccination, they will come back. This has happened in other parts of
the world.
[[Page 50823]]
8 Diseases Prevented by Childhood Vaccines
Diphtheria: Bacteria
You can get it from contact with an infected person.
Signs and symptoms include a thick covering in the back of the
throat that can make it hard to breathe.
It can lead to breathing problems, heart failure, and death.
Tetanus (Lockjaw): Bacteria
You can get it from a cut or wound. It does not spread from person
to person.
Signs and symptoms include painful tightening of the muscles,
usually all over the body.
It can lead to stiffness of the jaw, so the victim can't open his
mouth or swallow. It leads to death in about 1 case out of 5.
Pertussis (Whooping Cough): Bacteria
You can get it from contact with an infected person.
Signs and symptoms include violent coughing spells that can make it
hard for an infant to eat, drink, or breathe. These spells can last for
weeks.
It can lead to pneumonia, seizures (jerking and staring spells),
brain damage, and death.
Hib (Haemophilus influenzae Type b): Bacteria
You can get it from contact with an infected person.
Signs and symptoms. There may be no signs or symptoms in mild
cases.
It can lead to meningitis (infection of the brain and spinal cord
coverings); pneumonia; infections of the blood, joints, bones, and
covering of the heart; brain damage; deafness; and death.
Hepatitis B: Virus
You can get it from contact with blood or body fluids of an
infected person. Babies can get it at birth if the mother is infected,
or through a cut or wound. Adults can get it from unprotected sex,
sharing needles, or other exposures to blood.
Signs and symptoms include tiredness, diarrhea and vomiting,
jaundice (yellow skin or eyes), and pain in muscles, joints and
stomach.
It can lead to liver damage, liver cancer, and death.
Polio Virus
You can get it from close contact with an infected person. It
enters the body through the mouth.Signs and symptoms can include a
cold-like illness, or there may be no signs or symptoms at all.It can
lead to paralysis (can't move arm or leg), or death (by paralyzing
breathing muscles).
Pneumococcal: Bacteria
You can get it from contact with an infected person.
Signs and symptoms include fever, chills, cough, and chest pain.
It can lead to meningitis (infection of the brain and spinal cord
coverings), blood infections; ear infections, pneumonia, deafness,
brain damage, and death.
Rotavirus: Virus
You can get it from contact with other children who are infected.
Signs and symptoms include severe diarrhea, vomiting and fever.
It can lead to dehydration, hospitalization (up to about 70,000 a
year), and death.
How Vaccines Work
Immunity from Disease: When a child gets sick with one of these
diseases, her immune system produces immunity, which keeps her from
getting the same disease again. But getting sick is unpleasant, and can
be dangerous.
Immunity from Vaccines: Vaccines are made with the same bacteria or
viruses that cause a disease, but they have been weakened or killed to
make them safe. A child's immune system responds to a vaccine the same
way it would if the child had the disease. This means he will develop
immunity without having to get sick first.
Routine Childhood Vaccines
Six vaccines are recommended for children between birth and 6
months of age. They can prevent the 8 diseases described on the
previous page. Children will also get at least one ``booster'' dose of
most of these vaccines when they are older.
DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus & Pertussis) Vaccine: 5 doses--2
months, 4 months, 6 months, 15-18 months, 4-6 years. Some children
should not get pertussis vaccine. These children can get a vaccine
called DT, which does not contain pertussis.
Hepatitis B Vaccine: 3 doses--Birth, 1-2 months, 6-18
months.
Polio Vaccine: 4 doses--2 months, 4 months, 6-18 months,
4-6 years.
Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b) Vaccine: 4 doses--2
months, 4 months, 6 months, 12-15 months. Several Hib vaccines are
available. With one type, the 6-month dose is not needed.
Pneumococcal Vaccine: 4 doses--2 months, 4 months, 6
months, 12-15 months. Older children with certain diseases may also
need this vaccine.
Rotavirus Vaccine: 3 doses--2 months, 4 months, 6 months.
Rotavirus is an oral (swallowed) vaccine, not a shot.
Vaccine Risks
Vaccines can cause side effects, like any other medicine. Mostly
these are mild ``local reactions'' such as tenderness, redness or
swelling where the shot is given, or a mild fever. They happen in up to
1 child out of 4 for most childhood vaccines. They appear soon after
the shot is given and go away within a day or two.
More severe reactions can also occur, but this happens much less
often. Some of these reactions are so uncommon that experts can't tell
whether they are caused by vaccines or not. Among the most serious
reactions to vaccines are severe allergic reactions to a substance in a
vaccine. These reactions happen very rarely--less than once in a
million shots. They usually happen very soon after the shot is given.
Doctor's office or clinic staff are trained to deal with them.
The risk of any vaccine causing serious harm, or death, is
extremely small. Getting a disease is much more likely to harm a child
than getting a vaccine.
Other Reactions
The following conditions have been associated with routine
childhood vaccines. By ``associated'' we mean that they appear more
often in children who have been recently vaccinated than in those who
have not. An association doesn't ``prove'' that a vaccine caused a
reaction, but it does mean it is probable.
DTaP Vaccine
Mild Problems: Fussiness (up to 1 child in 3); tiredness or poor
appetite (up to 1 child in 10); vomiting (up to 1 child in 50);
swelling of the entire arm or leg for 1-7 days (up to 1 child in 30)--
usually after the 4th or 5th dose.
Moderate Problems: Seizure (jerking or staring) (1 child in
14,000); non-stop crying for 3 hours or more (up to 1 child in 1,000);
fever over 105[deg]F (1 child in 16,000).
Serious Problems: Long-term seizures, coma, lowered consciousness,
and permanent brain damage have been reported very rarely after DTaP
vaccine. They are so rare we can't be sure they are caused by the
vaccine.
Polio Vaccine/Hepatitis B Vaccine/Hib Vaccine
These vaccines have not been associated with mild problems other
than local reactions, or with moderate or serious problems.
[[Page 50824]]
Pneumococcal Vaccine
Mild Problems: During studies of the vaccine, some children became
fussy or drowsy or lost their appetite.
Rotavirus Vaccine
Mild Problems: Children who get rotavirus vaccine are slightly more
likely than other children to have mild, temporary diarrhea or
vomiting. This happens within the first week after getting a dose of
vaccine. No moderate or serious problems have been associated with the
vaccine.
Precautions
If your child is sick on the date vaccinations are scheduled, your
provider may want to put them off until she recovers. A child with a
mild cold or a low fever can usually be vaccinated that day. But for a
more serious illnesses, it may be better to wait.
Some children should not get certain vaccines. Talk with your
provider if your child had a serious reaction after a previous dose of
a vaccine, or has any life-threatening allergies. (These reactions and
allergies are rare.)
If your child had any of these reactions to a previous dose of
DTaP:
--A brain or nervous system disease within 7 days
--Non-stop crying for 3 or more hours
--A seizure or collapse
--A fever over 105[deg]F
Talk to your provider before getting DTaP Vaccine.
If your child has:
--A life-threatening allergy to the antibiotics neomycin, streptomycin,
or polymyxin B.
Talk to your provider before getting Polio Vaccine.
If your child has:
--A life-threatening allergy to yeast
Talk to your provider before getting Hepatitis B Vaccine.
If your child has:
--A weakened immune system
--Ongoing digestive problems
--Recently gotten a blood transfusion or other blood product
--Ever had intussusception (an uncommon type of intestinal obstruction)
Talk to your provider before getting Rotavirus Vaccine.
What if my child has a moderate or severe reaction?
What should I look for?
Look for any unusual condition, such as a serious allergic
reaction, high fever, weakness, or unusual behavior.
Serious allergic reactions are extremely rare with any vaccine. If
one were to happen, it would most likely come within a few minutes to a
few hours after the shot.
Signs of a serious allergic reaction can include:
--difficulty breathing
--weakness
--hives
--hoarseness or wheezing
--dizziness
--paleness
--swelling of the throat
--fast heart beat
What should I do?
Call a doctor, or get the child to a doctor right away.
Tell your doctor what happened, the date and time it happened, and
when the shot was given.
Ask your healthcare provider to report the reaction by filing a
Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) form. Or you can file
this report through the VAERS Web site at http://www.vaers.hhs.gov, or
by calling 1-800-822-7967.
VAERS does not provide medical advice.
The National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program
A federal program exists to help pay for the care of anyone who has
a serious reaction to a vaccine.
For information about the National Vaccine Injury Compensation
Program, call 1-800-338-2382 or visit their Web site at http://www.hrsa.gov/vaccinecompensation.
For More Information
Ask your healthcare provider. They can give you the vaccine package
insert or suggest other sources of information.
Call your local or state health department.
Contact the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at 1-
800-232-4636 (1-800-CDC-INFO) .
Visit CDC Web sites at: http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines and http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hepatitis.
Dated: August 20, 2008.
James D. Seligman,
Chief Information Officer, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC).
[FR Doc. E8-19965 Filed 8-27-08; 8:45 am]
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