[Federal Register Volume 74, Number 141 (Friday, July 24, 2009)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 36611-36614]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E9-17744]
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DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY
Federal Emergency Management Agency
44 CFR Part 62
[Docket ID FEMA-2008-0001]
RIN 1660-AA58
National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP); Assistance to Private
Sector Property Insurers; Write-Your-Own Arrangement
AGENCY: Federal Emergency Management Agency, DHS.
ACTION: Final rule.
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SUMMARY: This rule adopts as final, without change, an interim rule
published on April 3, 2008. The interim rule amended portions of the
Federal Emergency Management Agency, Federal Insurance Administration,
Financial Assistance/Subsidy Arrangement between Write-Your-Own
Companies and FEMA. The added language assisted WYO Companies by
recognizing each party's duties under the Arrangement and amended the
way FEMA communicates changes to the Unallocated Loss Adjustment
Expenses compensation rate to WYO Companies.
DATES: This rule is effective August 24, 2009.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Edward L. Connor, Acting Federal
Insurance Administrator, Federal Emergency Management Agency, 500 C
Street, SW., Washington, DC 20472, (202) 646-3429 (Phone), (202) 646-
3445 (facsimile), or [email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. Background
Under the authority of sections 1304 and 1345 of the National Flood
Insurance Act of 1968, Public Law 90-448, 82 Stat. 476, as amended (42
U.S.C. 4011, 4081), the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
provides insurance protection against flood damage to homeowners,
businesses, and others by means of the National Flood Insurance Program
(NFIP). The sale of flood insurance is largely implemented by private
insurance companies that participate in the NFIP Write-Your-Own (WYO)
program. Through the WYO program, insurance companies enter into
agreements with FEMA to sell and service flood insurance policies and
adjust claims after flood losses.
Under the WYO program, 88 private sector property insurers issue
flood insurance policies and adjust flood insurance claims under their
own names based on the Financial Assistance/Subsidy Arrangement
(Arrangement). The Arrangement is published at 44 CFR part 62, Appendix
A and defines the duties and responsibilities of insurers that sell,
service, and market insurance under the WYO program. The Arrangement
also identifies the responsibilities of the Government to provide
financial and technical assistance to these insurers. The Arrangement
is renewed yearly through written agreement between the WYO Companies
and FEMA.
FEMA published an interim final rule on April 3, 2008, (73 FR
18182) in which it made three changes to the Arrangement. These changes
either clarified existing practices or clarified how FEMA communicates
certain information to WYO Companies.
First, Article II, section G.3., was added to require the WYO
Companies to notify their agents of the requirement to comply with
State regulations regarding flood insurance agent education, notify
them of flood insurance training opportunities needed to meet the
minimum NFIP training requirements called for in section 207 of the
Bunning-Bereuter-Blumenauer Flood Insurance Reform Act of 2004, Public
Law 108-264, 118 Stat. 727 (42 U.S.C. 4011 note), and assist FEMA in
periodic assessment of agent training needs. Although WYO Companies
were already undertaking these efforts, they were added to the
Arrangement to formalize the commitment.
Second, FEMA revised Article VII, section A. to provide additional
clarification that there is no requirement that WYO Companies use their
own funds to pay NFIP claims when there are no funds available in the
National Flood Insurance Fund (NFIF) to be drawn down through the
company letter of credit. In such circumstances, the Federal Insurance
Administrator would suspend the NFIP's payment of claims until funds
are again available in the Treasury, and the WYO Companies would not be
required to pay claims from their own funds in the event of such a
suspension. This change was consistent with pre-existing FEMA policy.
Finally, FEMA revised Article III, section C.1. of the Arrangement
which deals with the Unallocated Loss Adjustment Expense (ULAE) for
which WYO Companies receive reimbursement under the Arrangement. ULAE
is intended to cover those claim handling expenses that are not
associated with specific claims, such as maintaining the home office
claims staff and establishing and running on-site claims field offices.
Before the interim final rule, the ULAE rate was an expense
reimbursement of 3.3 percent of the incurred loss (except that it does
not include ``incurred but not reported''). The effect of the interim
final rule was to remove the ULAE compensation percentage from the
Arrangement. Instead, the percentage is now communicated by FEMA to the
WYO Companies through a formula that is not written into the
Arrangement. For fiscal year 2009, the formula was sent to each WYO
Company as part of their offer to renew their Financial Assistance/
Subsidy Arrangement.
Although the interim final rule was focused on the manner in which
the ULAE formula is communicated to the WYO Companies, and not the
actual ULAE rate itself, FEMA sought data to use in its efforts to
revise the formula, and suggestions for ways to tailor the formula to
ensure that it would accurately reimburse WYO Companies for their
actual loss. WYO Companies were encouraged to submit actual ULAE data
during the comment period of the interim final rule to assist FEMA in
continuing to refine the formula.
II. Discussion of Public Comments
FEMA received no comments from the public regarding the interim
final rule. All previously published rulemaking documents, including
the interim final rule which contains an in-depth explanation for the
changes made, and supporting data are available in the public docket
for this rulemaking. The public docket for this rulemaking is available
online by conducting a search for Docket ID FEMA-2008-0001, at the
Federal e-Rulemaking Portal at http://www.regulations.gov.
III. Regulatory Requirements
Congressional Review of Agency Rulemaking
FEMA has sent this final rule to the Congress and to the Government
Accountability Office under the Congressional Review of Agency
Rulemaking Act, 5 U.S.C. 801-808. As discussed in depth below in the
Executive Order 12866 analysis, this rule is not a ``major rule''
within the meaning of that Act and will not result in an annual effect
on the economy of $100,000,000 or more. Moreover, it will not result in
a major increase in costs or
[[Page 36612]]
prices for consumers, individual industries, Federal, State, or local
government agencies, or geographic regions. Nor does FEMA expect that
it will have ``significant adverse effects'' on competition,
employment, investment, productivity, innovation, or on the ability of
United States-based enterprises to compete with foreign-based
enterprises.
This rule revised the Arrangement between the WYO Companies and
FEMA to encourage agents writing flood insurance under the NFIP to
avail themselves of the training opportunities needed to meet the
minimum NFIP training requirements, to clarify that there is no
requirement that WYO Companies use their own funds to pay NFIP claims
when there are no funds available in the NFIF to be drawn down through
the company letter of credit, and to change the method in which FEMA
communicates the ULAE rate to the WYO Companies. These changes were
made to improve the Arrangement and to allow FEMA to run the NFIP in a
more efficient and reasonable manner.
Executive Order 12866, Regulatory Planning and Review
FEMA has prepared and reviewed this rule under the provisions of
Executive Order 12866, Regulatory Planning and Review. Under Executive
Order 12866, a significant regulatory action is subject to Office of
Management and Budget (OMB) review and the requirements of the
Executive Order. The Executive Order defines ``significant regulatory
action'' as one that is likely to result in a rule that may:
(1) Have an annual effect on the economy of $100 million or more or
adversely affect in a material way the economy, a sector of the
economy, productivity, competition, jobs, the environment, public
health or safety, or State, local, or Tribal governments or
communities;
(2) Create a serious inconsistency or otherwise interfere with an
action taken or planned by another agency;
(3) Materially alter the budgetary impact of entitlements, grants,
user fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients
thereof; or
(4) Raise novel legal or policy issues arising out of legal
mandates, the President's priorities, or the principles set forth in
the Executive Order.
This final rule is not a ``significant regulatory action'',
therefore OMB has not reviewed it under that Order. This rule adopts as
final, without change, an interim rule published on April 3, 2008. The
interim rule made three changes to the Arrangement. The first change
simply clarifies existing practices. Article II, section G.3., was
added to address the WYO Companies' cooperation in helping ensure that
agents writing flood insurance under the NFIP meet the minimum NFIP
training requirements.\1\ This new section of the Arrangement will not
affect the training and education requirements, which are already
established by the States. Although WYO Companies are already
undertaking these efforts, they were added to the Arrangement to
formalize the commitment. This change will have no economic impact.
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\1\ An NFIP insurance agent may satisfy the minimum training and
education requirements by completing an online course, which may be
approved for 3 hours of continuing education credit per year by
State.
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WYO Companies have sought clarification as to what would occur
following a large scale flooding event if there are no funds available
in the NFIP to be drawn down through the company letter of credit.
Therefore, the second change clarifies that there is no requirement
that WYO Companies use their own funds to pay NFIP claims when there
are no funds available in the NFIP to be drawn down through the company
letter of credit. The Federal Insurance Administrator will suspend the
NFIP's payment of claims until funds are again available in the
Treasury. This change is consistent with pre-existing FEMA policy, will
not affect the amount of FEMA's funding, and will have no economic
impact.
Finally, FEMA revised Article III, section C.1. of the Arrangement
which deals with the ULAE for which WYO Companies receive reimbursement
under the Arrangement. The rule removed the fixed 3.3 percent of ULAE
compensation from the Arrangement to allow FEMA added flexibility in
adjusting the rate as needed to best align with the actual expenses
incurred by the WYO Companies. At present, the ULAE is reimbursed
according to a revised formula of 1 percent of net written premium and
1.5 percent of incurred loss. FEMA will adjust the rate as needed to
reflect the actual expenses incurred by the WYO Companies on an annual
basis.
Table 1 below shows the historic ULAE compensation that the program
paid to WYO Companies over the 21 years from 1987 to 2007. These
figures have been compiled using historic accounting statements
submitted by the WYO Companies. The ULAE is intended to cover those
claim handling expenses that are not associated with specific claims,
such as maintaining the home office claims staff and establishing and
running on-site claims field offices. The 3.3 percent rate functioned
equitably during most years of the NFIP, under-compensating companies
moderately in light loss years, while providing slightly more
compensation in heavier loss years. However, after catastrophic
disasters such as Hurricane Katrina, FEMA found that the 3.3 percent
fixed rate dramatically over compensated WYO Companies.
The average annual impact of this rule is estimated to be $13.93
million per year (in 2007 $), which represents a decrease in the ULAE
compensation to WYO Companies. However, in an ``average'' loss year
excluding the years 2005 and 2006 for Hurricane Katrina, the NFIP has
paid out approximately $22.02 million per year in ULAE (=$418,468,366/
19). With the new formula, the annual impact would result in an
increase in ULAE compensation to WYO Companies of $605,210 per year (in
2007 $). The annual impact will vary as the rate will be adjusted
annually to reflect the actual expenses incurred by the WYO Companies;
however, it is not likely to have a significant economic impact of $100
million or more per year. The data from 1987 to 2007 used to generate
these figures is available in the public docket for this rulemaking.
Table 1--The Impact of the New Fee Schedule
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Fixed ULAE New ULAE fee New ULAE fee
Net written Incurred loss (3.3% of schedule (1% of schedule less
FY premium (WP) (in (IL) (in 2007 $) incurred loss) WP + 1.5% of IL) fixed ULAE (in
2007 $) \2\ (in 2007 $) (in 2007 $) 2007 $)
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1987.......................................................... $581,620,328 $74,573,109 $2,460,913 $6,934,800 $4,473,887
1988.......................................................... 645,173,008 65,777,062 2,170,643 7,438,386 5,267,743
1989.......................................................... 715,237,333 369,480,867 12,192,869 12,694,586 501,718
[[Page 36613]]
1990.......................................................... 769,271,356 685,763,329 22,630,190 17,979,164 -4,651,026
1991.......................................................... 780,514,853 206,603,224 6,817,906 10,904,197 4,086,290
1992.......................................................... 796,262,026 473,136,630 15,613,509 15,059,670 -553,839
1993.......................................................... 866,436,821 1,097,485,315 36,217,015 25,126,648 -11,090,367
1994.......................................................... 932,647,295 270,791,261 8,936,112 13,388,342 4,452,230
1995.......................................................... 1,041,750,604 1,314,742,022 43,386,487 30,138,636 -13,247,850
1996.......................................................... 1,157,008,118 1,152,337,444 38,027,136 28,855,143 -9,171,993
1997.......................................................... 1,294,209,933 885,147,617 29,209,871 26,219,314 -2,990,558
1998.......................................................... 1,500,206,671 522,197,486 17,232,517 22,835,029 5,602,512
1999.......................................................... 1,528,655,735 909,405,646 30,010,386 28,927,642 -1,082,744
2000.......................................................... 1,557,194,095 514,278,754 16,971,199 23,286,122 6,314,923
2001.......................................................... 1,678,554,108 1,495,645,122 49,356,289 39,220,218 -10,136,071
2002.......................................................... 1,796,558,215 276,916,036 9,138,229 22,119,323 12,981,093
2003.......................................................... 1,853,315,163 559,297,309 18,456,811 26,922,611 8,465,800
2004.......................................................... 1,945,458,730 1,014,727,339 33,486,002 34,675,497 1,189,495
2005.......................................................... 2,060,079,530 7,612,410,664 251,209,552 134,786,955 -116,422,597
2006.......................................................... 2,353,434,684 11,730,924,332 387,120,503 199,498,212 -187,622,291
2007.......................................................... 2,535,371,429 792,553,990 26,154,282 37,242,024 11,087,742
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Total.................................................... 28,388,960,039 32,024,194,560 1,056,798,420 764,252,519 -292,545,902
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Per Year..................................................... 1,351,855,240 1,524,961,646 50,323,734 36,392,977 -13,930,757
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\2\ Numbers were adjusted for inflation based on Consumer Price
Index (CPI) published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, http://inflationdata.com/inflation/Inflation_Rate/HistoricalInflation.aspx.
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National Environmental Policy Act
FEMA's regulations implementing the National Environmental Policy
Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) at paragraph (ii) of 44 CFR
10.8(d)(2) categorically exclude the preparation, revision, and
adoption of regulations, directives, manuals, and other guidance
documents related to actions that qualify for categorical exclusions.
The changes made in this regulation constitute actions to enforce
Federal, State or local codes, standards or regulations. This
rulemaking will not have a significant effect on the human environment
and, therefore, neither an environmental assessment nor an
environmental impact statement are required.
Executive Order 13132, Federalism
Executive Order 13132, entitled ``Federalism,'' (64 FR 43255, Aug.
10, 1999), sets forth principles and criteria that agencies must adhere
to in formulating and implementing policies that have federalism
implications; that is, regulations that have substantial direct effects
on the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities
among the various levels of government. Federal agencies must closely
examine the statutory authority supporting any action that would limit
the policymaking discretion of the States, and to the extent
practicable, must consult with State and local officials before
implementing any such action. The changes in this rule affect the
contractual relationship between FEMA and WYO Companies. Participation
as a WYO Company is voluntary and does not affect State policymaking
discretion. In accordance with section 6 of Executive Order 13132, FEMA
determines that this rule will not have federalism implications
sufficient to warrant the preparation of a federalism impact statement.
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
As required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501
et seq.), an agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not
required to respond to, a collection of information unless the
collection of information displays a valid OMB control number. This
rule does not impose any new reporting or recordkeeping requirements,
nor does it revise information collection requirements currently
approved under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995.
Executive Order 12988, Civil Justice Reform
FEMA has reviewed this rule under Executive Order 12988, ``Civil
Justice Reform'' (61 FR 4729, Feb. 7, 1996). This rule meets applicable
standards to minimize litigation, eliminate ambiguity, and reduce
burden.
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1531-1538)
requires Federal agencies, to the extent permitted by law, to prepare a
written assessment of the effects of any Federal mandate in a proposed
or final agency rule that may result in the expenditure by State,
local, and Tribal governments, in the aggregate, or by the private
sector, of $100 million or more in any one year. Though this rule will
not result in such an expenditure, FEMA does discuss the effects of
this rule elsewhere in this preamble.
Moreover, because this rule addresses a pre-existing Arrangement
between FEMA, Federal Insurance Administration, and WYO Companies it
does not impose any additional enforceable duty beyond that already
established. Participation as a WYO Company is voluntary and does not
affect State policymaking discretion. Accordingly, this rule does not
contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or uniquely affect small
governments, as described in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995.
Executive Order 12898, Environmental Justice
Under Executive Order 12898, ``Federal Actions to Address
Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income
[[Page 36614]]
Populations'' (59 FR 7629, Feb. 16, 1994), FEMA incorporates
environmental justice into its policies and programs. The Executive
Order requires each Federal agency to conduct its programs, policies,
and activities that substantially affect human health or the
environment in a manner that ensures that those programs, policies, and
activities do not have the effect of excluding persons from
participation in programs, denying persons the benefits of programs, or
subjecting persons to discrimination because of race, color, or
national origin. FEMA believes that no action under this rule will have
a disproportionately high or adverse effect on human health or the
environment, and that the rule meets the requirements of the Executive
Order.
Executive Order 13045, Protection of Children
FEMA has analyzed this rule under Executive Order 13045, Protection
of Children from Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks. This rule
is not an economically significant rule and would not create an
environmental risk to health or safety that might disproportionately
affect children.
Executive Order 13175, Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal
Governments
FEMA has reviewed this rule under Executive Order 13175,
``Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments'' (65 FR
67249, Nov. 9, 2000). This rule will not have a substantial direct
effect on one or more Indian Tribes, on the relationship between the
Federal Government and Indian Tribes, or on the distribution of power
and responsibilities between the Federal Government and Indian Tribes.
Executive Order 12630, Governmental Actions and Interference With
Constitutionally Protected Property Rights
FEMA has reviewed this rule under Executive Order 12630,
``Governmental Actions and Interference with Constitutionally Protected
Property Rights'' (53 FR 8859, Mar. 18, 1988) as supplemented by
Executive Order 13406, ``Protecting the Property Rights of the American
People'' (71 FR 36973, June 28, 2006). This rule will not effect a
taking of private property or otherwise have taking implications under
Executive Order 12630.
List of Subjects in 44 CFR Part 62
Claims, Flood insurance, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
0
Accordingly, the interim rule amending 44 CFR part 62 which was
published at 73 FR 18182, Apr. 3, 2008, is adopted as final without
change.
Dated: July 16, 2009.
W. Craig Fugate,
Administrator, Federal Emergency Management Agency.
[FR Doc. E9-17744 Filed 7-23-09; 8:45 am]
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