[Federal Register Volume 76, Number 60 (Tuesday, March 29, 2011)]
[Notices]
[Pages 17396-17400]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2011-7355]
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DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
[CFDA 84.133E-1 and 84.133E-3]
Proposed Priorities: Disability and Rehabilitation Research
Projects and Centers Program
AGENCY: Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services,
Department of Education.
ACTION: Notice.
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SUMMARY: The Assistant Secretary for Special Education and
Rehabilitative Services proposes two priorities for the Disability and
Rehabilitation Research Projects and Centers Program administered by
NIDRR. Specifically, this notice proposes two priorities for RERCs: Low
Vision and Blindness (Proposed Priority 1) and Wireless Technologies
(Proposed Priority 2). The Assistant Secretary may use these priorities
for competitions in fiscal year (FY) 2011 and later years. We take this
action to focus research attention on areas of national need. We intend
to use these priorities to improve rehabilitation services and outcomes
for individuals with disabilities.
DATES: We must receive your comments on or before April 28, 2011.
ADDRESSES: Address all comments about this notice to Marlene Spencer,
U.S. Department of Education, 400 Maryland Avenue, SW., room 5133,
Potomac Center Plaza, Washington, DC 20202-2700.
If you prefer to send your comments by e-mail, use the following
address: [email protected]. You must include the term ``Proposed
Priorities for RERCs'' and the priority title in the subject line of
your electronic message.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Marlene Spencer. Telephone: (202) 245-
7532 or by e-mail: [email protected].
If you use a telecommunications device for the deaf (TDD), call the
Federal Relay Service (FRS), toll free, at 1-800-877-8339.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This notice of proposed priorities is in
concert with NIDRR's currently approved Long-Range Plan (Plan). The
Plan, which was published in the Federal Register on February 15, 2006
(71 FR 8165), can be accessed on the Internet at the following site:
http://www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/osers/nidrr/policy.html.
Through the implementation of the Plan, NIDRR seeks to: (1) Improve
the quality and utility of disability and rehabilitation research; (2)
foster an exchange of expertise, information, and training to
facilitate the advancement of knowledge and understanding of the unique
needs of traditionally underserved populations; (3) determine best
strategies and programs to improve rehabilitation outcomes for
underserved populations; (4) identify research gaps; (5) identify
mechanisms of integrating research and practice; and (6) disseminate
findings.
This notice proposes two priorities that NIDRR intends to use for
RERC competitions in FY 2011 and possibly later years. However, nothing
precludes NIDRR from publishing additional priorities, if needed.
Furthermore, NIDRR is under no obligation to make awards for these
priorities. The decision to make an award will be based on the quality
of applications received and available funding.
Invitation to Comment: We invite you to submit comments regarding
this notice. To ensure that your comments have maximum effect in
developing the notice of final priorities, we urge you to identify
clearly the specific proposed priority that each comment addresses.
We invite you to assist us in complying with the specific
requirements of Executive Order 12866 and its overall requirement of
reducing regulatory burden that might result from these proposed
priorities. Please let us know of any further ways we could reduce
potential costs or increase potential benefits while preserving the
effective and efficient administration of the program.
During and after the comment period, you may inspect all public
comments about this notice in room 5140, 550 12th Street, SW., Potomac
Center Plaza, Washington, DC, between the hours of 8:30 a.m. and 4:00
p.m., Washington, DC time, Monday through Friday of each week except
Federal holidays.
Assistance to Individuals with Disabilities in Reviewing the
Rulemaking Record: On request we will provide an appropriate
accommodation or auxiliary aid to an individual with a disability who
needs assistance to review the comments or other documents in the
public rulemaking record for this notice. If you want to schedule an
appointment for this type of accommodation or auxiliary aid, please
contact the person listed under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT.
Purpose of Program: The purpose of the Disability and
Rehabilitation Research Projects and Centers Program is to plan and
conduct research, demonstration projects, training, and related
activities, including international activities; to develop methods,
procedures, and rehabilitation technology that maximize the full
inclusion and integration into society, employment, independent living,
family support, and economic and social self-sufficiency of individuals
with disabilities, especially individuals with the most severe
disabilities; and to improve the effectiveness of services authorized
under the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended (Rehabilitation Act).
[[Page 17397]]
Rehabilitation Engineering Research Centers Program (RERCs)
The purpose of the RERC program is to improve the effectiveness of
services authorized under the Rehabilitation Act by conducting advanced
engineering research on and development of innovative technologies that
are designed to solve particular rehabilitation problems, or to remove
environmental barriers. RERCs also demonstrate and evaluate such
technologies, facilitate service delivery system changes, stimulate the
production and distribution of new technologies and equipment in the
private sector, and provide training opportunities.
General Requirements of RERCs
RERCs carry out research or demonstration activities in support of
the Rehabilitation Act by--
Developing and disseminating innovative methods of
applying advanced technology, scientific achievement, and psychological
and social knowledge to solve rehabilitation problems and to remove
environmental barriers through studying and evaluating new or emerging
technologies, products, or environments and their effectiveness and
benefits; or
Demonstrating and disseminating: (a) Innovative models for
the delivery of cost-effective rehabilitation technology services to
rural and urban areas; and (b) other scientific research to assist in
meeting the employment and independent living needs of individuals with
severe disabilities; and
Facilitating service delivery systems change through: (a)
The development, evaluation, and dissemination of innovative, consumer-
responsive, and individual- and family-centered models for the delivery
to both rural and urban areas of innovative cost-effective
rehabilitation technology services; and (b) other scientific research
to assist in meeting the employment and independent living needs of and
addressing the barriers confronted by individuals with disabilities,
including individuals with severe disabilities.
Each RERC must be operated by, or in collaboration with, one or
more institutions of higher education or one or more nonprofit
organizations.
Each RERC must provide training opportunities, in conjunction with
institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations, to assist
individuals, including individuals with disabilities, to become
rehabilitation technology researchers and practitioners.
Each RERC must emphasize the principles of universal design in its
product research and development. Universal design is the design of
products and environments to be usable by all people, to the greatest
extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialized design
(North Carolina State University, 1997. http://www.design.ncsu.edu/cud/about_ud/udprinciplestext.htm).
Additional information on the RERC program can be found at: http://www.ed.gov/rschstat/research/pubs/index.html.
Program Authority: 29 U.S.C. 762(g) and 764(a).
Applicable Program Regulations: 34 CFR part 350.
PROPOSED PRIORITIES:
This notice contains two proposed priorities.
Proposed Priority 1--RERC on Low Vision and Blindness.
Background
Low vision and blindness affects approximately 3.4 million adults
over 40 years of age in the United States (The Eye Diseases Prevalence
Research Group, 2004) and according to the 2009 Annual Report from the
American Printing House for the Blind, there are 59,335 legally blind
children aged 0-21 in the U.S. (American Printing House for the Blind,
2009). Survey estimates of the number of individuals with low vision
and blindness vary depending on the definitions used and the wording of
the questions. The 2008 National Health Interview Survey Provisional
Report stated that there are 25.2 million American adults aged 18 and
over who report experiencing vision loss (Pleis & Lucas, 2009). As
increasing numbers of premature infants survive due to advances in
modern medicine and technology, the number of infants with low vision
and blindness is expected to increase. In addition, the prevalence of
age-related causes of low vision and blindness, such as macular
degeneration, cataracts, and glaucoma, is expected to rise as the
population ages.
The population of those with low vision and blindness is also
changing. The elderly population of individuals with low vision and
blindness is growing (The Eye Diseases Prevalence Research Group,
2004); returning veterans are experiencing low vision and blindness due
to blast injuries (Thach, Johnson, Carroll, Huchun, Ainbinder, et al.,
2008); doctors are reporting an increase in the number of children with
low vision and blindness and additional non-ophthalmic disabling
conditions (Rahi, Cumberland, & Peckham, 2010); and there is a growing
prevalence of deaf-blind individuals in the U.S. (Saunders & Echt,
2007).
Persons with low vision and blindness often need assistance with
performing activities of daily living. While such assistance may be
provided through more traditional methods such as through the
assistance of family members or service animals or through the use of
white canes and braille, clinicians, researchers and rehabilitation
engineers are developing a growing number of technological products and
interventions that assist persons with low vision and blindness as they
navigate their communities and perform tasks and activities at home and
work.
NIDRR has been an active participant in supporting the
technological advancements in low vision and blindness assessment,
therapy, and rehabilitation for 20 years. NIDRR grantees have
researched and developed technologies that improve assessment of low
vision and blindness and technologies for blind orientation,
navigation, and wayfinding. In addition, NIDRR grantees are researching
and developing infant vision screening and rehabilitation technology,
educational technology, and vocational and daily living technology for
individuals with low vision and blindness.
Notwithstanding this valuable research and work, new and improved
vision assessment and vision rehabilitation technologies are required
to meet the needs of the changing and expanding population of
individuals who experience low vision and blindness. New products and
technologies that detect and mitigate low vision and blindness must be
researched and developed for individuals of all ages, as rehabilitation
needs may vary or change with age.
With enhancements in technology in all segments of society, there
is an increasing need for individuals with low vision and blindness to
manipulate and produce many types of information, such as text and
graphics (Arditi, 2004; Krufka, Barner, & Aysal, 2007). Thus, further
research and development are needed to ensure that individuals with low
vision and blindness have access to graphical information, signage, and
travel information, and appliances and displays for education,
employment, and daily living (Vidal-Verdu & Hafez, 2007; Marston &
Church, 2005; Technology Bill of Rights for the Blind Act of 2010,
2010; Marom, 2010). In addition, in the area of education, new methods
for presenting scientific information and concepts in accessible form
are needed for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.
[[Page 17398]]
Accordingly, NIDRR seeks to fund an RERC on low vision and blindness to
research, develop, and evaluate innovative technologies that will
improve the ability of individuals with low vision and blindness to
function independently within their schools, communities, and
workplaces.
References
The Eye Diseases Prevalence Research Group (2004). Causes and
prevalence of visual impairment among adults in the United States.
Archives of Ophthalmology; 122:477-485.
American Printing House for the Blind, Inc. (2009). 2009 Annual Report.
Louisville, KY 40206 USA. Retrieved from http://www.aph.org/about/ar2009.html.
Pleis J.R. & Lucas J.W. (2009). Provisional Report: Summary health
statistics for U.S. adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2008.
National Center for Health Statistics. Vital Health Stat 10(242).
Thach A.B., Johnson A.J., Carroll R.B., Huchun A., Ainbinder D.J.,
Stutzman R.D., Blaydon S.M., Demartelaere S.L., Mader T.H., Slade C.S.,
George R.K., Ritchey J.P., Barnes S.D., & Fannin L.A. (2008). Severe
eye injuries in the war in Iraq, 2003-2005. Ophthalmology; Feb;
115(2):377-382.
Rahi J.S., Cumberland P.M., Peckham C.S., & British Childhood Visual
Impairment Interest Group (2010). Improving detection of blindness in
childhood: the British childhood vision impairment study. Pediatrics;
Oct; 126(4).
Saunders G.H. & Echt K.V. (2007). An overview of dual sensory
impairment in older adults: perspectives for rehabilitation. Trends in
Amplification. Dec; 11(4):243-58.
Vidal-Verd[uacute] F. & Hafez M. (2007). Graphical tactile displays for
visually-impaired people. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and
Rehabilitation Engineering. Mar; 15(1):119-30.
Marston J.R. & Church R.L. (2005). A relative access measure to
identify barriers to efficient transit use by persons with visual
impairments. Disability and Rehabilitation. Jul 8; 27(13):769-79.
Technology Bill of Rights for the Blind Act of 2010. 111th CONGRESS, 2d
Session, H. R. 4533.
Marom L. (2010). Insulin pump access issues for visually impaired
people with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.
Jul; 89(1).
Arditi A. (2004). Adjustable typography: an approach to enhancing low
vision text accessibility. Ergonomics. Apr 15; 47(5):469-82.
Krufka S.E., Barner K.E. & Aysal T.C. (2007). Visual to tactile
conversion of vector graphics. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and
Rehabilitation Engineering. Jun; 15(2):310-21.
Proposed Priority
The Assistant Secretary for Special Education and Rehabilitative
Services proposes a priority for a Rehabilitation Engineering Research
Center (RERC) on Low Vision and Blindness. This RERC must research and
develop technologies that will improve the assessment of low vision and
blindness and promote independence for individuals with low vision and
blindness of all ages, including those who are deaf-blind and those
with multiple disabilities. Specifically, the RERC must improve vision
assessment for the changing and expanding population of individuals who
are at risk for experiencing low vision and blindness, including but
not limited to, the elderly, returning military veterans, and
prematurely born infants. The RERC must also research and develop
technologies that will improve individuals' access to graphical
information, signage, and travel information and devices and appliances
that have digital displays and control panels. In addition, the RERC
must research and develop technologies to promote the participation of
individuals with low vision and blindness in science, technology,
engineering, and mathematics education (STEM). Regarding participation
in STEM, these technologies include but are not limited to accessible
scientific measurement instruments, tools, and materials.
Proposed Priority 2--RERC on Wireless Technologies.
Background
Wireless technologies allow the connection of communication,
information, and control devices to local, community, and nationwide
networks. Wireless devices support a wide range of applications
spanning voice and data communication, remote monitoring, and position
finding, and offer tremendous potential for assisting individuals with
disabilities to participate actively in the community.
Wireless technology can improve the quality of life and enhance
inclusiveness for individuals with disabilities in the areas of
employment, health care, education, and emergency response. For
example, a new wireless system offers those with hearing difficulties
the ability to caption events in real-time; for those who have
difficulty seeing, new mobile applications can use smart-phone cameras
to scan labels on grocery items or pill bottles; for those with
communication difficulties, there are many communications applications
available for cell phones that convey typed messages through voice
output (Mobile Future, 2010). Cloud computing is a technology that uses
the internet and central remote servers to maintain data and
applications. These ``cloud'' applications can be used without
installation to a personal computer, and data and personal files can be
accessed at any computer with internet access. Cloud computing
technologies may provide individuals with disabilities an additional
option for access from any wireless device in a variety of settings to
a shared pool of computing resources, software, and information.
The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) recognizes the
importance of wireless technology for individuals with disabilities
(FCC Broadband plan, 2010; FCC Working Paper: A Giant Leap & A Big
Deal: Delivering on the Promise of Equal Access to Broadband for People
with Disabilities, 2010). As part of its broadband plan, the FCC has
included an accessibility and innovation forum and plans to modernize
accessibility laws, rules, and subsidy programs.
NIDRR has been an active participant in directing the technological
advancements in wireless technologies for ten years so that individuals
across the range of abilities may enjoy the benefits of these
technologies and participate more fully in society. NIDRR grantees have
been active in research on technology use and usability, and the
development of public policy influencing equitable access to wireless
technologies. In addition, NIDRR grantees have developed new
technologies and accessible technology applications in the areas of web
accessibility, emergency communications, audio captioning, touch-screen
and audible interfaces, and TTY Phone-Deaf 911. NIDRR grantees have
also filed comments on and informed final FCC rules concerning wireless
use of the Emergency Alert System (EAS), the Commercial Mobile Alert
System (CMAS), and the broadband plan.
NIDRR recognizes the potential benefits that wireless technology
has for individuals with disabilities and that wireless networking
represents the future of computer and internet
[[Page 17399]]
connectivity. However, as wireless technology continues to advance in
technical sophistication and commercial availability at a rapid pace,
issues of usability continue for individuals with disabilities. The
wireless industry too often fails to design products and services for
use by individuals with disabilities, is unaware of the barriers faced
by individuals with disabilities, and does not fully evaluate the
usability of wireless products and services for individuals with
disabilities before they become mainstream products and services
(Designing Inclusive Futures, 2008). Technical issues in areas such as
interoperability (the ability of a system or a product to work with
other systems or products), speech-to-text conversion, and hearing aid
compatibility have been identified as barriers that individuals with
disabilities experience as they attempt to use wireless technologies
(Baker & Moon, 2008). In addition, ergonomic and interface needs of
individuals with disabilities are recognized barriers to use of
wireless technologies (Mueller, Jones, Broderick, & Haberman, 2005).
In addition to promoting usability of emerging and existing
wireless technologies, NIDRR proposes to continue research and
development efforts to develop new wireless products and technologies
that directly facilitate the independence and community participation
of individuals with disabilities. Accordingly, NIDRR seeks to fund an
RERC on Wireless Technologies to research, develop, and evaluate
innovative technologies and approaches that will improve the ability of
individuals with disabilities to use wireless technologies to promote
independence and community participation.
References
Mobile Future. (2010). Mobile ability: The transformational impact of
wireless innovation for people with disabilities. Retrieved from http://www.mobilefuture.org/content/pages/mobile_ability.
Federal Communications Commission. (2010). The national broadband plan.
Retrieved from www.broadband.gov.
Federal Communications Commission. (2010). A giant leap and a big deal:
Delivering on the promise of equal access to broadband for people with
disabilities. Retrieved from http://download.broadband.gov/plan/fcc-omnibus-broadband-initiative-%28obi%29-working-report-giant-leap-big-deal-delivering-promise-of-equal-access-to-broadband-for-people-with-disabilities.pdf.
Baker, P.M. & Moon, N.W. (2008). Wireless technologies and
accessibility for people with disabilities: Findings from a policy
research instrument.
Assist Technol. Fall; 20(3): 149-56.
Mueller, J., Jones, M., Broderick, L., & Haberman, V. (2005).
Assessment of user needs in wireless technologies. Assist Technol.
Spring; 17(1): 57-71.
Baker, P.M. & Moon, N.W. (2008). Access barriers to wireless
technologies for people with disabilities: issues, opportunities and
policy options. In: Designing Inclusive Futures. Langdon, P.; Clarkson,
P. John; Robinson, P. (Eds.) 1st Edition.
Proposed Priority
The Assistant Secretary for Special Education and Rehabilitative
Services proposes a priority for a Rehabilitation Engineering Research
Center (RERC) on Wireless Technologies. Under this priority, the RERC
must research, develop, and evaluate innovative technologies and
products that facilitate the use of wireless technologies for
individuals with disabilities. The RERC must research and develop
wireless hardware and software that will meet the needs, promote
independence, and improve the quality of life and community
participation of individuals with disabilities. The RERC must also work
with and provide information to relevant Federal agencies, designers,
and manufacturers regarding barriers to and methods for facilitating
the use of wireless technologies by individuals with disabilities.
Requirements Applicable to Both Proposed Priorities
A RERC established under either of the proposed priorities in this
notice must be designed to contribute to the following outcomes:
(1) Increased technical and scientific knowledge relevant to its
designated priority research area. The RERC must contribute to this
outcome by conducting high-quality, rigorous research and development
projects.
(2) Increased innovation in technologies, products, environments,
performance guidelines, and monitoring and assessment tools applicable
to its designated priority research area. The RERC must contribute to
this outcome through the development and testing of these innovations.
(3) Improved research capacity in its designated priority research
area. The RERC must contribute to this outcome by collaborating with
the relevant industry, professional associations, institutions of
higher education, health care providers, or educators, as appropriate.
(4) Improved awareness and understanding of cutting edge
developments in technologies within its designated priority research
area. The RERC must contribute to this outcome by identifying and
communicating with NIDRR, individuals with disabilities, their
representatives, disability organizations, service providers,
professional journals, manufacturers, and other interested parties
regarding trends and evolving product concepts related to its
designated priority research area.
(5) Increased impact of research in the designated priority
research area. The RERC must contribute to this outcome by providing
technical assistance to relevant public and private organizations,
individuals with disabilities, employers, and schools on policies,
guidelines, and standards related to its designated priority research
area.
(6) Increased transfer of RERC-developed technologies to the
marketplace. The RERC must contribute to this outcome by developing and
implementing a plan for ensuring that all technologies developed by the
RERC are made available to the public. The technology transfer plan
must be developed in the first year of the project period in
consultation with the NIDRR-funded Disability Rehabilitation Research
Project, Center on Knowledge Translation for Technology Transfer.
In addition, under each priority, the RERC must--
Have the capability to design, build, and test prototype
devices and assist in the technology transfer and knowledge translation
of successful solutions to relevant production and service delivery
settings;
Evaluate the efficacy and safety of its new products,
instrumentation, or assistive devices;
Provide as part of its proposal, and then implement, a
plan that describes how it will include, as appropriate, individuals
with disabilities or their representatives in all phases of its
activities, including research, development, training, dissemination,
and evaluation;
Provide as part of its proposal, and then implement, in
consultation with the NIDRR-funded National Center for the
Dissemination of Disability Research, a plan to disseminate its
research results to individuals with disabilities, their
representatives, disability organizations, service providers,
professional journals,
[[Page 17400]]
manufacturers, and other interested parties;
Conduct a state-of-the-science conference on its
designated priority research area in the fourth year of the project
period, and publish a comprehensive report on the final outcomes of the
conference in the fifth year of the project period; and
Coordinate research projects of mutual interest with
relevant NIDRR-funded projects, as identified through consultation with
the NIDRR project officer.
Types of Priorities
When inviting applications for a competition using one or more
priorities, we designate the type of each priority as absolute,
competitive preference, or invitational through a notice in the Federal
Register. The effect of each type of priority follows:
Absolute priority: Under an absolute priority, we consider only
applications that meet the priority (34 CFR 75.105(c)(3)).
Competitive preference priority: Under a competitive preference
priority, we give competitive preference to an application by (1)
awarding additional points, depending on the extent to which the
application meets the priority (34 CFR 75.105(c)(2)(i)); or (2)
selecting an application that meets the priority over an application of
comparable merit that does not meet the priority (34 CFR
75.105(c)(2)(ii)).
Invitational priority: Under an invitational priority, we are
particularly interested in applications that meet the priority.
However, we do not give an application that meets the priority a
preference over other applications (34 CFR 75.105(c)(1)).
Final Priorities: We will announce the final priorities in a notice
in the Federal Register. We will determine the final priorities after
considering responses to this notice and other information available to
the Department. This notice does not preclude us from proposing
additional priorities, requirements, definitions, or selection
criteria, subject to meeting applicable rulemaking requirements.
Note: This notice does not solicit applications. In any year in
which we choose to use these priorities, we invite applications
through a notice in the Federal Register.
Executive Order 12866: This notice has been reviewed in accordance
with Executive Order 12866. Under the terms of the order, we have
assessed the potential costs and benefits of this proposed regulatory
action.
The potential costs associated with this proposed regulatory action
are those resulting from statutory requirements and those we have
determined as necessary for administering this program effectively and
efficiently.
In assessing the potential costs and benefits--both quantitative
and qualitative--of this proposed regulatory action, we have determined
that the benefits of the proposed priorities justify the costs.
Discussion of Costs and Benefits
The benefits of the Disability and Rehabilitation Research Projects
and Centers Programs have been well established over the years in that
similar projects have been completed successfully. These proposed
priorities will generate new knowledge through research and
development. Another benefit of these proposed priorities is that the
establishment of new RERCs will improve the lives of individuals with
disabilities. The new RERCs will generate, disseminate, and promote the
use of new information that will improve the options for individuals
with disabilities to fully participate in their communities.
Intergovernmental Review: This program is not subject to Executive
Order 12372 and the regulations in 34 CFR part 79.
Accessible Format: Individuals with disabilities can obtain this
document in an accessible format (e.g., braille, large print,
audiotape, or computer diskette) by contacting the Grants and Contracts
Services Team, U.S. Department of Education, 400 Maryland Avenue, SW.,
Room 5075, PCP, Washington, DC 20202-2550. Telephone: (202) 245-7363.
If you use a TDD, call the FRS, toll free, at 1-800-877-8339.
Electronic Access to This Document: You can view this document, as
well as all other documents of this Department published in the Federal
Register, in text or Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) on the
Internet at the following site: http://www.ed.gov/news/fedregister. To
use PDF you must have Adobe Acrobat Reader, which is available free at
this site.
Note: The official version of this document is the document
published in the Federal Register. Free Internet access to the
official edition of the Federal Register and the Code of Federal
Regulations is available on GPO Access at: http://www.gpoaccess.gov/nara/index.html.
Dated: March 24, 2011.
Alexa Posny,
Assistant Secretary for Special Education and Rehabilitative Services.
[FR Doc. 2011-7355 Filed 3-28-11; 8:45 am]
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