[Code of Federal Regulations] [Title 23, Volume 1] [Revised as of April 1, 2002] From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access [CITE: 23CFR172.9] [Page 24] TITLE 23--HIGHWAYS CHAPTER I--FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PART 172--ADMINISTRATION OF ENGINEERING AND DESIGN RELATED SERVICE CONTRACTS--Table of Contents Subpart A--Procurement Procedures Sec. 172.9 Compensation. (a) Contracting agencies may establish cost principles for determining the reasonableness and allowability of costs. Federal reimbursement shall be limited to the Federal share of the costs allowable under the cost principles in 48 CFR part 31 (Federal Acquisition Regulations). Any references included in 48 CFR part 31 to other parts of 48 CFR do not apply to these contracts. (b) Applicable cost principles shall be referenced in each contractual document. (c) Methods of payment. (1) The method of payment to compensate the consultant for all work required shall be set forth in the original contract and in any contract modifications thereto. It may be a single method for all work or may involve different methods for different elements of work. The methods of payment which shall be used are: lump sum, cost plus fixed fee, cost per unit of work or specific rates of compensation. (2) Compensation based on cost plus a percentage of cost or percentage of construction cost shall not be used. (3) When the method of payment is other than a lump sum, the contract shall specify a maximum amount payable which shall not be exceeded unless adjusted by a contract modification. (4) The lump sum method shall not be used to compensate a consultant for construction engineering and inspection services except when the agency has established the extent, scope, complexity, character and duration of the work to be required to a degree that fair and reasonable compensation including a fixed fee can be determined. (d) Fixed fees. (1) The determination of the amount of the fixed fee shall take into account the size, complexity, duration, and degree of risk involved in the work. The establishment of the fixed fee shall be project specific. (2) Fixed fees normally range from 6 to 15 percent of the total direct and indirect cost. Subject to the approval of the FHWA, a fixed fee over 15 percent may be justified when exceptional circumstances exist.