[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 15, Volume 2]
[Revised as of January 1, 2002]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 15CFR742.2]

[Page 289-291]
 
                  TITLE 15--COMMERCE AND FOREIGN TRADE
 
  CHAPTER VII--BUREAU OF EXPORT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
 
PART 742--CONTROL POLICY--CCL BASED CONTROLS--Table of Contents
 
Sec. 742.2  Proliferation of chemical and biological weapons.

    (a) License requirements. The following controls are maintained in 
support of the U.S. foreign policy of opposing the

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proliferation and illegal use of chemical and biological weapons. (See 
also Sec. 742.18 of this part for license requirements pursuant to the 
Chemical Weapons Convention).
    (1) If CB Column 1 of the Country Chart (Supplement No. 1 to part 
738 of the EAR) is indicated in the appropriate ECCN, a license is 
required to all destinations except Canada for the following:
    (i) Human pathogens, zoonoses, toxins, animal pathogens, genetically 
modified microorganisms and plant pathogens identified in ECCNs 1C351, 
1C352, 1C353 and 1C354; and
    (ii) Technology (ECCNs 1E001 and 1E351) for the production and/or 
disposal of microbiological commodities described in paragraph (a)(1)(i) 
of this section.
    (2) If CB Column 2 of the Country Chart (Supplement No. 1 to part 
738 of the EAR) is indicated in the appropriate ECCN, a license is 
required to all destinations except countries in Country Group A:3 (see 
Supplement No. 1 to part 740 of the EAR) (Australia Group members) for 
the following:
    (i) Chemicals identified in ECCN 1C350 (precursor and intermediate 
chemicals used in the production of chemical warfare agents).
    (A) This licensing requirement includes chemical mixtures containing 
any chemicals identified in ECCN 1C350, except as specified in Note 2 to 
that ECCN.
    (B) This licensing requirement does not include chemical compounds 
created with any chemicals identified in ECCN 1C350, unless those 
compounds are also identified in ECCN 1C350.
    (C) This licensing requirement does not apply to exports to CWC 
States Parties (destinations listed in Supplement No. 2 to Part 745 of 
the EAR) of medical, analytical, diagnostic, and food testing kits 
containing small quantities of chemicals identified in ECCN 1C350 that 
are also identified as Schedule 2 or 3 chemicals under the CWC, provided 
that the kits are pre-packaged materials of defined composition that are 
specifically developed, packaged, and marketed for diagnostic, 
analytical, or public health purposes and contain no more than 300 grams 
of any controlled chemical. These kits are controlled by ECCN 1C995 for 
CW and AT reasons.
    (ii) Software (ECCN 1D390) for process control that is specifically 
configured to control or initiate production of the chemical precursors 
controlled by ECCN 1C350.
    (iii) Technology (ECCNs 1E001 and 1E351) for the production and/or 
disposal of chemical precursors described in ECCN 1C350, and technology 
(ECCNs 1E001 and 1E350) involving the following for facilities designed 
or intended to produce chemicals described in 1C350:
    (A) Overall plant design;
    (B) Design, specification, or procurement of equipment;
    (C) Supervision of construction, installation, or operation of 
complete plant or components thereof;
    (D) Training of personnel; or
    (E) Consultation on specific problems involving such facilities.
    (3) If CB Column 3 of the Country Chart (Supplement No. 1 to part 
738 of the EAR) is indicated in the appropriate ECCN, a license is 
required to Country Group D:3 (see Supplement No. 1 to part 740 of the 
EAR) for the following:
    (i) Equipment and materials identified in ECCNs 2B350 and 2B351 on 
the CCL, which can be used in the production of chemical weapons 
precursors or chemical warfare agents, and equipment and materials 
identified in ECCN 2B352, which can be used in the production of 
biological agents; and
    (ii) Technology (ECCNs 2E001, 2E002 and 2E301) for development, 
production, or use of the commodities covered in ECCNs 2B350, 2B351 and 
2B352.
    (b) Licensing policy. (1) License applications for the items 
described in paragraph (a) of this section will be considered on a case-
by-case basis to determine whether the export or reexport would make a 
material contribution to the design, development, production, 
stockpiling, or use of chemical or biological weapons. When an export or 
reexport is deemed to make such a contribution, the license will be 
denied.
    (2) The following factors are among those that will be considered to 
determine what action should be taken on license applications:
    (i) The specific nature of the end-use;

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    (ii) The significance of the export and reexport in terms of its 
contribution to the design, development, production, stockpiling, or use 
of chemical or biological weapons;
    (iii) The nonproliferation credentials of the importing country;
    (iv) The types of assurances or guarantees against design, 
development, production, stockpiling, or use of chemical or biological 
weapons that are given in a particular case; and
    (v) The existence of a pre-existing contract.
    (3) BXA will review license applications in accordance with the 
licensing policy described in paragraph (b)(2) of this section for items 
not described in paragraph (a) of this section that:
    (i) Require a license for reasons other than short supply;
    (ii) Are destined to any country except countries in Country Group 
A:3 (see Supplement No. 1 to part 740 of the EAR) (Australia Group 
members); and
    (iii) Could be destined for the design, development, production, 
stockpiling, or use of chemical or biological weapons, or for a facility 
engaged in such activities.
    (c) Contract sanctity. Contract sanctity dates are set forth in 
Supplement No. 1 to part 742. Applicants who wish that a preexisting 
contract be considered in reviewing their license applications must 
submit documentation sufficient to establish the existence of such a 
contract.
    (d) Australia Group. The Australia Group, a multilateral body that 
works to halt the spread of chemical and biological weapons, has 
developed common control lists of items specifically related to chemical 
and biological weapons. Australia Group members are listed in Country 
Group A:3 (see Supplement No. 1 to part 740 of the EAR). Controls on 
items listed in paragraph (a) of this section are consistent with lists 
agreed to in the Australia Group.

[61 FR 12786, Mar. 25, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 25458, May 9, 1997; 63 
FR 42228, Aug. 7, 1998; 64 FR 27142, May 18, 1999; 64 FR 28909, May 28, 
1999; 66 FR 49524, Sept. 28, 2001]