[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 49, Volume 5]
[Revised as of October 1, 2002]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 49CFR571.214]
[Page 621-632]
TITLE 49--TRANSPORTATION
OF TRANSPORTATION
PART 571--FEDERAL MOTOR VEHICLE SAFETY STANDARDS--Table of Contents
Subpart B--Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards
Sec. 571.214 Standard No. 214; Side impact protection.
S1. Scope and purpose.
(a) Scope. This standard specifies performance requirements for
protection of occupants in side impact crashes.
(b) Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce the risk of
serious and fatal injury to occupants of passenger cars, multipurpose
passenger vehicles, trucks and buses in side impact crashes by
specifying vehicle crashworthiness requirements in terms of
accelerations measured on anthropomorphic dummies in test crashes, by
specifying strength requirements for side doors, and by other means.
S2. This standard applies to--
(a) Passenger cars;
(b) Effective September 1, 1993, sections S3(a), S3(e), S3.1 through
S3.2.3, and S4 of the standard apply to multipurpose passenger vehicles,
trucks, and buses with a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less, except for walk-
in vans; and
(c) Effective September 1, 1998, sections S3(f) and S5 of the
standard apply to multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks and buses with
a GVWR of 6,000 pounds or less, except for walk-in vans, motor homes,
tow trucks, dump
[[Page 622]]
trucks, ambulances and other emergency rescue/medical vehicles
(including vehicles with fire-fighting equipment), vehicles equipped
with wheelchair lifts, and vehicles which have no doors or exclusively
have doors that are designed to be easily attached or removed so the
vehicle can be operated without doors.
S2.1 Definitions.
Contoured means, with respect to a door, that the lower portion of
its front or rear edge is curved upward, typically to conform to a wheel
well.
Double side doors means a pair of hinged doors with the lock and
latch mechanisms located where the door lips overlap.
Walk-in van means a van in which a person can enter the occupant
compartment in an upright position.
S3. Requirements. (a)(1) Except as provided in section S3(e), each
passenger car shall be able to meet the requirements of either, at the
manufacturer's option, S3.1 or S3.2, when any of its side doors that can
be used for occupant egress is tested according to S4.
(2) Except as provided in section S3(e), each multipurpose passenger
vehicle, truck and bus manufactured on or after September 1, 1994 shall
be able to meet the requirements of either, at the manufacturer's
option, S3.1 or S3.2, when any of its side doors that can be used for
occupant egress is tested according to S4.
(b) When tested under the conditions of S6, each pasenger car
manufactured on or after September 1, 1996 shall meet the requirements
of S5.1, S5.2, and S5.3 in a 33.5 miles per hour impact in which the car
is struck on either side by a moving deformable barrier. Part 572,
subpart F test dummies are placed in the front and rear outboard seating
positions on the struck side of the car. However, the rear seat
requirements do not apply to passenger cars with a wheelbase greater
than 130 inches, or to passenger cars which have rear seating areas that
are so small that the part 572, subpart F dummies cannot be accommodated
according to the positioning procedure specified in S7.
(c) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, from
September 1, 1993 to August 31, 1996, a specified percentage of each
manufacturer's yearly passenger car production, as set forth in S8,
shall, when tested under the conditions of S6, meet the requirements of
S5.1, S5.2, and S5.3 in a 33.5 miles per hour impact in which the car is
struck on either side by a moving deformable barrier. Part 572, subpart
F test dummies are placed in the front and rear outboard seating
positions on the struck side of the car. However, the rear seat
requirements do not apply to passenger cars with a wheelbase greater
than 130 inches, or to passenger cars which have rear seating areas that
are so small that the part 572, subpart F dummies cannot be accommodated
according to the positioning procedure specified in S7.
(d) A manufacturer may, at its option, comply with the requirements
of this paragraph instead of paragraph (c) of this section. When tested
under the conditions of S6, each passenger car manufactured from
September 1, 1994 to August 31, 1996 shall meet the requirements of
S5.1, S5.2, and S5.3 in a 33.5 miles per hour impact in which the car is
struck on either side by a moving deformable barrier. Part 572, subpart
F test dummies are placed in the front and rear outboard seating
positions on the struck side of the car. However, the rear seat
requirements do not apply to passenger cars with a wheelbase greater
than 130 inches, or to passenger cars which have rear seating areas that
are so small that the part 572, subpart F dummies cannot be accommodated
according to the positioning procedure specified in S7.
(e) A vehicle need not meet the requirements of sections S3.1 or
S3.2 for--
(1) Any side door located so that no point on a ten-inch horizontal
longitudinal line passing through and bisected by the H-point of a
manikin placed in any seat, with the seat adjusted to any position and
the seat back adjusted as specified in Section S6.4, falls within the
transverse, horizontal projection of the door's opening,
(2) Any side door located so that no point on a ten-inch horizontal
longitudinal line passing through and bisected by the H-point of a
manikin placed in any seat recommended by the manufacturer for
installation in a location for
[[Page 623]]
which seat anchorage hardware is provided, with the seat adjusted to any
position and the seat back adjusted as specified in section S6.4, falls
within the transverse, horizontal projection of the door's opening,
(3) Any side door located so that a portion of a seat, with the seat
adjusted to any position and the seat back adjusted as specified in
section S6.4, falls within the transverse, horizontal protection of the
door's opening, but a longitudinal vertical plane tangent to the
outboard side of the seat cushion is more than 10 inches from the
innermost point on the inside surface of the door at a height between
the H-point and shoulder reference point (as shown in figure 1 of the
Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 210) and longitudinally
between the front edge of the cushion with the seat adjusted to its
forwardmost position and the rear edge of the cushion with the seat
adjusted to its rearmost position.
(4) Any side door that is designed to be easily attached to or
removed (e.g., using simple hand tools such as pliers and/or a screw
driver) from a motor vehicle manufactured for operation without doors.
(f) When tested according to the conditions of S6, each multipurpose
passenger vehicle, truck and bus manufactured on or after September 1,
1998, shall meet the requirements of S5.1, S5.2, and S5.3 in a 33.5
miles per hour impact in which the vehicle is struck on either side by a
moving deformable barrier. A part 572, subpart F test dummy is placed in
the front outboard seating position on the struck side of the vehicle,
and if the vehicle is equipped with rear seats, then another part 572,
subpart F test dummy is placed on the outboard seating position of the
second seat on the struck side of the vehicle. However, the second seat
requirements do not apply to side-facing seats or to vehicles that have
second seating areas that are so small that the part 572, subpart F
dummy can not be accommodated according to the positioning procedure
specified in S7.
S3.1 With any seats that may affect load upon or deflection of the
side of the vehicle removed from the vehicle, each vehicle must be able
to meet the requirements of S3.1.1 through S3.1.3.
S3.1.1 Initial crush resistance. The initial crush resistance shall
not be less than 2,250 pounds.
S3.1.2 Intermediate crush resistance. The intermediate crush
resistance shall not be less than 3,500 pounds.
S3.1.3 Peak crush resistance. The peak crush resistance shall not
be less than two times the curb weight of the vehicle or 7,000 pounds,
whichever is less.
S3.2 With seats installed in the vehicle, and located in any
horizontal or vertical position to which they can be adjusted and at any
seat back angle to which they can be adjusted, each vehicle must be able
to meet the requirements of S3.2.1 through S3.2.3.
S3.2.1 Initial crush resistance. The initial crush resistance shall
not be less than 2,250 pounds.
S3.2.2 Intermediate crush resistance. The intermediate crush
resistance shall not be less than 4,375 pounds.
S3.2.3 Peak crush resistance. The peak crush resistance shall not
be less than three and one half times the curb weight of the vehicle or
12,000 pounds, whichever is less.
S4. Test procedures. The following procedures apply to determining
compliance with paragraph S3:
(a) Place side windows in their uppermost position and all doors in
locked position. Place the sill of the side of the vehicle opposite to
the side being tested against a rigid unyielding vertical surface. Fix
the vehicle rigidly in position by means of tiedown attachments located
at or forward of the front wheel centerline and at or rearward of the
rear wheel centerline.
(b) Prepare a loading device consisting of a rigid steel cylinder or
semicylinder 305 mm (12 inches) in diameter with an edge radius of 13 mm
(\1/2\ inch). The length of the loading device shall be such that--
(1) For doors with windows, the top surface of the loading device is
at least 13 mm (\1/2\ inch) above the bottom edge of the door window
opening but not of a length that will cause contact with any structure
above the bottom edge of the door window opening during the test.
[[Page 624]]
(2) For doors without windows, the top surface of the loading device
is at the same height above the ground as when the loading device is
positioned in accordance with paragraph (b)(1) of this section for
purposes of testing a front door with windows on the same vehicle.
(c) Locate the loading device as shown in Figure 1 (side view) of
this section so that--
(1) Its longitudinal axis is vertical.
(2) Except as provided in paragraphs (c)(2) (i) and (ii) of this
section, its longitudinal axis is laterally opposite the midpoint of a
horizontal line drawn across the outer surface of the door 127 mm (5
inches) above the lowest point of the door, exclusive of any decorative
or protective molding that is not permanently affixed to the door panel.
(i) For contoured doors on trucks, buses, and multipurpose passenger
vehicles with a GVWR of 4,545 kg (10,000 pounds) or less, if the length
of the horizontal line specified in (c)(2) is not equal to or greater
than 559 mm (22 inches), the line is moved vertically up the side of the
door to the point at which the line is 559 mm (22 inches) long. The
longitudinal axis of the loading device is then located laterally
opposite the midpoint of that line.
(ii) For double side doors on trucks, buses, and multipurpose
passenger vehicles with a GVWR of 4,545 kg (10,000 pounds) or less, its
longitudinal axis is laterally opposite the midpoint of a horizontal
line drawn across the outer surface of the double door span, 127 mm (5
inches) above the lowest point on the doors, exclusive of any decorative
or protective molding that is not permanently affixed to the door panel.
(3) Except as provided in paragraphs (c)(3) (i) and (ii) of this
section, its bottom surface is in the same horizontal plane as the
horizontal line drawn across the outer surface of the door 127 mm (5
inches) above the lowest point of the door, exclusive of any decorative
or protective molding that is not permanently affixed to the door panel.
(i) For contoured doors on trucks, buses, and multipurpose passenger
vehicles with a GVWR of 4,545 kg (10,000 pounds) or less, its bottom
surface is in the lowest horizontal plane such that every point on the
lateral projection of the bottom surface of the device on the door is at
least 127 mm (5 inches), horizontally and vertically, from any edge of
the door panel, exclusive of any decorative or protective molding that
is not permanently affixed to the door panel.
(ii) For double side doors, its bottom surface is in the same
horizontal plane as a horizontal line drawn across the outer surface of
the double door span, 127 mm (5 inches) above the lowest point of the
doors, exclusive of any decorative or protective molding that is not
permanently affixed to the door panel.
(d) Using the loading device, apply a load to the outer surface of
the door in an inboard direction normal to a vertical plane along the
vehicle's longitudinal centerline. Apply the load continuously such that
the loading device travel rate does not exceed one-half inch per second
until the loading device travels 18 inches. Guide the loading device to
prevent it from being rotated or displaced from its direction of travel.
The test must be completed within 120 seconds.
(e) Record applied load versus displacement of the loading device,
either continuously or in increments of not more than 1 inch or 200
pounds for the entire crush distance of 18 inches.
(f) Determine the initial crush resistance, intermediate crush
resistance, and peak crush resistance as follows:
(1) From the results recorded in paragraph (e) of this section, plot
a curve of load versus displacement and obtain the integral of the
applied load with respect to the crush distances specified in paragraphs
(f) (2) and (3) of this section. These quantities, expressed in inch-
pounds and divided by the specified crush distances, represent the
average forces in pounds required to deflect the door those distances.
(2) The initial crush resistance is the average force required to
deform the door over the initial 6 inches of crush.
(3) The intermediate crush resistance is the average force required
to deform the door over the initial 12 inches of crush.
(4) The peak crush resistance is the largest force recorded over the
entire 18-inch crush distance.
[[Page 625]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01AU91.110
S5. Dynamic performance requirements.
S5.1 Thorax. The Thoracic Trauma Index (TTI(d)) shall not exceed:
(a) 85 g for a passenger car with four side doors, and for any
multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, or bus; and,
(b) 90 g for a passenger car with two side doors, when calculated in
accordance with the following formula:
TTI(d) = 1/2 (GR + GLS)
The term ``GR'' is the greater of the peak accelerations of
either the upper or lower rib, expressed in g's and the term
``GLS'' is the lower spine (T12) peak acceleration, expressed
in g's. The peak acceleration values are obtained in accordance with the
procedure specified in S6.13.5.
S5.2 Pelvis. The peak lateral acceleration of the pelvis, as
measured in accordance with S6.13.5, shall not exceed 130 g's.
S5.3 Door opening.
S5.3.1 Any side door, which is struck by the moving deformable
barrier, shall not separate totally from the car.
[[Page 626]]
S5.3.2 Any door (including a rear hatchback or tailgate), which is
not struck by the moving deformable barrier, shall meet the following
requirements:
S5.3.2.1 The door shall not disengage from the latched position;
S5.3.2.2 The latch shall not separate from the striker, and the
hinge components shall not separate from each other or from their
attachment to the vehicle.
S5.3.2.3 Neither the latch nor the hinge systems of the door shall
pull out of their anchorages.
S6. Test conditions.
S6.1 Test weight. Each vehicle is loaded to its unloaded vehicle
weight, plus 300 pounds or its rated cargo and luggage capacity
(whichever is less), secured in the luggage or load-carrying area, plus
the weight of the necessary anthropomorphic test dummies. Any added test
equipment is located away from impact areas in secure places in the
vehicle. The vehicle's fuel system is filled in accordance with the
following procedure. With the test vehicle on a level surface, pump the
fuel from the vehicle's fuel tank and then operate the engine until it
stops. Then, add Stoddard solvent to the test vehicle's fuel tank in an
amount which is equal to not less than 92 percent and not more than 94
percent of the fuel tank's usable capacity stated by the vehicle's
manufacturer. In addition, add the amount of Stoddard solvent needed to
fill the entire fuel system from the fuel tank through the engine's
induction system.
S6.2 Vehicle test attitude. Determine the distance between a level
surface and a standard reference point on the test vehicle's body,
directly above each wheel opening, when the vehicle is in its ``as
delivered'' condition. The ``as delivered'' condition is the vehicle as
received at the test site, filled to 100 percent of all fluid capacities
and with all tires inflated to the manufacturer's specifications listed
on the vehicle's tire placard. Determine the distance between the same
level surface and the same standard reference points in the vehicle's
``fully loaded condition.'' The ``fully loaded condition'' is the test
vehicle loaded in accordance with S6.1. The load placed in the cargo
area is centered over the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle. The
pretest vehicle attitude is equal to either the as delivered or fully
loaded attitude or between the as delivered attitude and the fully
loaded attitude.
S6.3 Adjustable seats. Adjustable seats are placed in the
adjustment position midway between the forward most and rearmost
positions, and if separately adjustable in a vertical direction, are at
the lowest position. If an adjustment position does not exist midway
between the forwardmost and rearmost positions, the closest adjustment
position to the rear of the midpoint is used.
S6.4 Adjustable seat back placement. Place adjustable seat backs in
the manufacturer's nominal design riding position in the manner
specified by the manufacturer. If the position is not specified, set the
seat back at the first detent rearward of 25 deg. from the vertical.
Place each adjustable head restraint in its highest adjustment position.
Position adjustable lumbar supports so that they are set in their
released, i.e., full back position.
S6.5 Adjustable steering wheels. Adjustable steering controls are
adjusted so that the steering wheel hub is at the geometric center of
the locus it describes when it is moved through its full range of
driving positions.
S6.6 Windows. Movable vehicle windows and vents are placed in the
fully closed position on the struck side of the vehicle.
S6.7 Convertible tops. Convertibles and open-body type vehicles
have the top, if any, in place in the closed passenger compartment
configuration.
S6.8 Doors. Doors, including any rear hatchback or tailgate, are
fully closed and latched but not locked.
S6.9 Transmission and brake engagement. For a vehicle equipped with
a manual transmission, the transmission is placed in second gear. For a
vehicle equipped with an automatic transmission, the transmission is
placed in neutral. For all vehicles, the parking brake is engaged.
S6.10 Moving deformable barrier. The moving deformable barrier
conforms to the dimensions shown in Figure 2 and specified in part 587.
[[Page 627]]
S6.11 Impact reference line. Place a vertical reference line at the
location described below on the side of the vehicle that will be struck
by the moving deformable barrier:
S6.11.1 Passenger cars.
(a) For vehicles with a wheelbase of 114 inches or less, 37 inches
forward of the center of the vehicle's wheelbase.
(b) For vehicles with a wheelbase greater than 114 inches, 20 inches
rearward of the centerline of the vehicle's front axle.
S6.11.2 Multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks and buses.
(a) For vehicles with a wheelbase of 98 inches or less, 12 inches
rearward of the centerline of the vehicle's front axle, except as
otherwise specified in paragraph (d) of this section.
(b) For vehicles with a wheelbase of greater than 98 inches but not
greater than 114 inches, 37 inches forward of the center of the
vehicle's wheelbase, except as otherwise specified in paragraph (d) of
this section.
(c) For vehicles with a wheelbase greater than 114 inches, 20 inches
rearward of the centerline of the vehicle's front axle, except as
otherwise specified in paragraph (d) of this section.
(d) At the manufacturer's option, for different wheelbase versions
of the same model vehicle, the impact reference line may be located by
the following:
(1) Select the shortest wheelbase vehicle of the different wheelbase
versions of the same model and locate on it the impact reference line at
the location described in (a), (b) or (c) of this section, as
appropriate;
(2) Measure the distance between the seating reference point (SgRP)
and the impact reference line;
(3) Maintain the same distance between the SgRP and the impact
reference line for the version being tested as that between the SgRP and
the impact reference line for the shortest wheelbase version of the
model.
(e) For the compliance test, the impact reference line will be
located using the procedure used by the manufacturer as the basis for
its certification of compliance with the requirements of this standard.
If the manufacturer did not use any of the procedures in this section,
or does not specify a procedure when asked by the agency, the agency may
locate the impact reference line using either procedure.
S6.12 Impact configuration. The test vehicle (vehicle A in Figure
3) is stationary. The line of forward motion of the moving deformable
barrier (vehicle B in Figure 3) forms an angle of 63 degrees with the
centerline of the test vehicle. The longitudinal centerline of the
moving deformable barrier is perpendicular to the longitudinal
centerline of the test vehicle when the barrier strikes the test
vehicle. In a test in which the test vehicle is to be struck on its left
(right) side: All wheels of the moving deformable barrier are positioned
at an angle of 27 1 degrees to the right (left) of the
centerline of the moving deformable barrier; and the left (right)
forward edge of the moving deformable barrier is aligned so that a
longitudinal plane tangent to that side passes through the impact
reference line within a tolerance of 2 inches when the
barrier strikes the test vehicle.
S6.13 Anthropomorphic test dummies.
S6.13.1 The anthropomorphic test dummies used for evaluation of a
vehicle's side impact protection conform to the requirements of subpart
F of part 572 of this chapter. In a test in which the test vehicle is to
be struck on its left side, each dummy is to be configured and
instrumented to be struck on its left side, in accordance with subpart F
of part 572. In a test in which the test vehicle is to be struck on its
right side, each dummy is to be configured and instrumented to be struck
on its right side, in accordance with subpart F of part 572.
S6.13.2 Each part 572, subpart F test dummy specified is clothed in
formfitting cotton stretch garments with short sleeves and midcalf
length pants. Each foot of the test dummy is equipped with a size 11EEE
shoe, which meets the configuration size, sole, and heel thickness
specifications of MIL-S-13192 (1976) and weighs 1.25 0.2
pounds.
S6.13.3 Limb joints are set at between 1 and 2 g's. Leg joints are
adjusted with the torso in the supine position.
S6.13.4 The stabilized temperature of the test dummy at the time of
the
[[Page 628]]
side impact test shall be at any temperature between 66 degrees F. and
78 degrees F.
S6.13.5 The acceleration data from the accelerometers mounted on
the ribs, spine and pelvis of the test dummy are processed with the
FIR100 software specified in 49 CFR 572.44(d). The data are processed in
the following manner:
S6.13.5.1 Filter the data with a 300 Hz, SAE Class 180 filter;
S6.13.5.2 Subsample the data to a 1600 Hz sampling rate;
S6.13.5.3 Remove the bias from the subsampled data, and
S6.13.5.4 Filter the data with the FIR100 software specified in 49
CFR 572.44(d), which has the following characteristics--
S6.13.5.4.1 Passband frequency 100 Hz.
S6.13.5.4.2 Stopband frequency 189 Hz.
S6.13.5.4.3 Stopband gain -50 db.
S6.13.5.4.4 Passband ripple 0.0225 db.
[[Page 629]]
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[[Page 630]]
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S7. Positioning procedure for the part 572 subpart F test dummy.
Position a correctly configured test dummy, conforming to subpart F of
part 572 of this chapter, in the front outboard seating position on the
side of the test vehicle to be struck by the moving deformable barrier
and, if the vehicle has a second
[[Page 631]]
seat, position another conforming test dummy in the second seat outboard
position on the same side of the vehicle, as specified in S7.1 through
S7.4. Each test dummy is restrained using all available belt systems in
all seating positions where such belt restraints are provided. In
addition, any folding armrest is retracted.
S7.1 Torso. For a test dummy in any seating position, hold the
dummy's head in place and push laterally on the non-impacted side of the
upper torso in a single stroke with a force of 15-20 lb. towards the
impacted side.
S7.1.1 For a test dummy in the driver position.
(a) For a bench seat. The upper torso of the test dummy rests
against the seat back. The midsagittal plane of the test dummy is
vertical and parallel to the vehicle's longitudinal centerline, and
passes through the center of the steering wheel.
(b) For a bucket seat. The upper torso of the test dummy rests
against the seat back. The midsagittal plane of the test dummy is
vertical and parallel to the vehicle's longitudinal centerline, and
coincides with the longitudinal centerline of the bucket seat.
S7.1.2 For a test dummy in the front outboard passenger position.
(a) For a bench seat. The upper torso of the test dummy rests
against the seat back. The midsagittal plane of the test dummy is
vertical and parallel to the vehicle's longitudinal centerline, and the
same distance from the vehicle's longitudinal centerline as would be the
midsagittal plane of a test dummy positioned in the driver position
under S7.1.1.
(b) For a bucket seat. The upper torso of the test dummy rests
against the seat back. The midsagittal plane of the test dummy is
vertical and parallel to the vehicle's longitudinal centerline, and
coincides with the longitudinal centerline of the bucket seat.
S7.1.3 For a test dummy in either of the rear outboard passenger
positions.
(a) For a bench seat. The upper torso of the test dummy rests
against the seat back. The midsagittal plane of the test dummy is
vertical and parallel to the vehicle's longitudinal centerline, and, if
possible, the same distance from the vehicle's longitudinal centerline
as the midsagittal plane of a test dummy positioned in the driver
position under S7.1.1. If it is not possible to position the test dummy
so that its midsagittal plane is parallel to the vehicle longitudinal
centerline and is at this distance from the vehicle's longitudinal
centerline, the test dummy is positioned so that some portion of the
test dummy just touches, at or above the seat level, the side surface of
the vehicle, such as the upper quarter panel, an armrest, or any
interior trim (i.e., either the broad trim panel surface or a smaller,
localized trim feature).
(b) For a bucket or contoured seat. The upper torso of the test
dummy rests against the seat back. The midsagittal plane of the test
dummy is vertical and parallel to the vehicle's longitudinal centerline,
and coincides with the longitudinal centerline of the bucket or
contoured seat.
S7.2 Pelvis.
S7.2.1 H-point. The H-points of each test dummy coincide within \1/
2\ inch in the vertical dimension and \1/2\ inch in the horizontal
dimension of a point \1/4\ inch below the position of the H-point
determined by using the equipment for the 50th percentile and procedures
specified in SAE J826 (1980) (incorporated by reference; see
Sec. 571.5), except that Table 1 of SAE J826 is not applicable. The
length of the lower leg and thigh segments of the H-point machine are
adjusted to 16.3 and 15.8 inches, respectively.
S7.2.2 Pelvic angle. As determined using the pelvic angle gauge (GM
drawing 78051-532 incorporated by reference in part 572, subpart E of
this chapter) which is inserted into the H-point gauging hole of the
dummy, the angle of the plane of the surface on the lumbar-pelvic
adaptor on which the lumbar spine attaches is 23 to 25 degrees from the
horizontal, sloping upward toward the front of the vehicle.
S7.3 Legs.
S7.3.1 For a test dummy in the driver position. The upper legs of
each test dummy rest against the seat cushion to the extent permitted by
placement of the feet. The left knee of the dummy is positioned such
that the distance from the outer surface of the knee pivot bolt to the
dummy's midsagittal
[[Page 632]]
plane is six inches. To the extent practicable, the left leg of the test
dummy is in a vertical longitudinal plane.
S7.3.2 For a test dummy in the outboard passenger positions. The
upper legs of each test dummy rest against the seat cushion to the
extent permitted by placement of the feet. The initial distance between
the outboard knee clevis flange surfaces is 11.5 inches. To the extent
practicable, both legs of the test dummies in outboard passenger
positions are in vertical longitudinal planes. Final adjustment to
accommodate placement of feet in accordance with S7.4 for various
passenger compartment configurations is permitted.
S7.4 Feet.
S7.4.1 For a test dummy in the driver position. The right foot of
the test dummy rests on the undepressed accelerator with the heel
resting as far forward as possible on the floorpan. The left foot is set
perpendicular to the lower leg with the heel resting on the floorpan in
the same lateral line as the right heel.
S7.4.2 For a test dummy in the front outboard passenger position.
The feet of the test dummy are placed on the vehicle's toeboard with the
heels resting on the floorpan as close as possible to the intersection
of the toeboard and floorpan. If the feet cannot be placed flat on the
toeboard, they are set perpendicular to the lower legs and placed as far
forward as possible so that the heels rest on the floorpan.
S7.4.3 For a test dummy in either of the rear outboard passenger
positions. The feet of the test dummy are placed flat on the floorpan
and beneath the front seat as far as possible without front seat
interference. If necessary, the distance between the knees can be
changed in order to place the feet beneath the seat.
S8. Phase-in of dynamic test and performance requirements.
S8.1-S8.2 [Reserved]
S8.3 Passenger cars manufactured on or after September 1, 1995 and
before September 1, 1996.
S8.3.1 The number of passenger cars complying with the requirements
of S3(c) shall be not less than 40 percent of:
(a) The average annual production of passenger cars manufactured on
or after September 1, 1992, and before September 1, 1995, by each
manufacturer, or
(b) The manufacturer's annual production of passenger cars during
the period specified in S8.3.
S8.4 Passenger cars produced by more than one manufacturer.
S8.4.1 For the purposes of calculating average annual production of
passenger cars for each manufacturer and the number of passenger cars
manufactured by each manufacturer under S8.1, S8.2, and S8.3, a
passenger car produced by more than one manufacturer shall be attributed
to a single manufacturer as follows, subject to S8.4.2:
(a) A passenger car which is imported shall be attributed to the
importer.
(b) A passenger car manufactured in the United States by more than
one manufacturer, one of which also markets the vehicle, shall be
attributed to the manufacturer which markets the vehicle.
S8.4.2 A passenger car produced by more than one manufacturer shall
be attributed to any one of the vehicle's manufacturers specified by an
express written contract, reported to the National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration under 49 CFR part 586, between the manufacturer so
specified and the manufacturer to which the vehicle would otherwise be
attributed under S8.4.1.
[36 FR 22902, Dec. 2, 1971, as amended at 45 FR 17018, Mar. 17, 1980; 55
FR 45752, Oct. 30, 1990; 56 FR 27437, June 14, 1991; 56 FR 47011, Sept.
17, 1991; 57 FR 21615, May 21, 1992; 57 FR 30921 and 30922, July 13,
1992; 58 FR 14169, Mar. 16, 1993; 60 FR 38761, July 28, 1995; 60 FR
57839, Nov. 22, 1995; 63 FR 16140, Apr. 2, 1998]