[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 50, Volume 4]
[Revised as of October 1, 2002]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 50CFR648.9]

[Page 304-306]
 
                    TITLE 50--WILDLIFE AND FISHERIES
 
                         DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
 
PART 648--FISHERIES OF THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES--Table of Contents
 
                      Subpart A--General Provisions
 
Sec. 648.9  VMS requirements.

    (a) Approval. The Regional Administrator will annually approve VMSs 
that meet the minimum performance criteria specified in paragraph (b) of 
this section. Any changes to the performance criteria will be published 
annually in the Federal Register and a list of approved VMSs will be 
published in the Federal Register upon addition or deletion of a VMS 
from the list. In the event that a VMS is deleted from the list, vessel 
owners that purchased a VMS unit that is part of that VMS prior to 
publication of the revised list will be considered to be in compliance 
with the requirement to have an approved unit, unless otherwise notified 
by the Regional Administrator.
    (b) Minimum VMS performance criteria. The basic required features of 
the VMS are as follows:
    (1) The VMS shall be tamper proof, i.e., shall not permit the input 
of false positions; furthermore, if a system uses satellites to 
determine position, satellite selection should be automatic to provide 
an optimal fix and should not be capable of being manually overridden by 
any person aboard a fishing vessel or by the vessel owner.
    (2) The VMS shall be fully automatic and operational at all times, 
regardless of weather and environmental conditions, unless exempted 
under paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
    (3) The VMS shall be capable of tracking vessels in all U.S. waters 
in the Atlantic Ocean from the shoreline of each coastal state to a line 
215 nm offshore and shall provide position accuracy to within 400 m 
(1,300 ft).
    (4) The VMS shall be capable of transmitting and storing information 
including vessel identification, date, time, and latitude/longitude.

[[Page 305]]

    (5) The VMS shall provide accurate hourly position transmissions 
every day of the year unless exempted under paragraph (c)(2) of this 
section. In addition, the VMS shall allow polling of individual vessels 
or any set of vessels at any time and receive position reports in real 
time. For the purposes of this specification, ``real time'' shall 
constitute data that reflect a delay of 15 minutes or less between the 
displayed information and the vessel's actual position.
    (6) The VMS shall be capable of providing network message 
communications between the vessel and shore. The VMS shall allow NMFS to 
initiate communications or data transfer at any time.
    (7) The VMS vendor shall be capable of transmitting position data to 
a NMFS-designated computer system via a modem at a minimum speed of 9600 
baud. Transmission shall be in a file format acceptable to NMFS.
    (8) The VMS shall be capable of providing vessel locations relative 
to international boundaries and fishery management areas.
    (9) The VMS vendor shall be capable of archiving vessel position 
histories for a minimum of 1 year and providing transmission to NMFS of 
specified portions of archived data in response to NMFS requests and in 
a variety of media (tape, floppy, etc.).
    (c) Operating requirements. (1) Except as provided in paragraph 
(c)(2) of this section, or unless otherwise required by Sec. 648.58(h), 
all required VMS units must transmit a signal indicating the vessel's 
accurate position at least every hour, 24 hours a day, throughout the 
year.
    (2) Power Down Exemption. (i) Any vessel required to have on board a 
fully operational VMS unit at all times, as specified in paragraph 
(b)(2) of this section, is exempt from this requirement provided:
    (A) The vessel will be continuously out of the water for more than 
72 consecutive hours; and
    (B) A valid letter of exemption obtained pursuant to paragraph 
(c)(2)(ii) of this section has been issued to the vessel and is on board 
the vessel and the vessel is in compliance with all conditions and 
requirements of said letter.
    (ii) Letter of Exemption--(A) Application. A vessel owner may apply 
for a letter of exemption from the operating requirements specified in 
paragraph (c)(1) of this section for his/her vessel by sending a written 
request to the Regional Administrator and providing the following: 
Sufficient information to determine that the vessel will be out of the 
water for more than 72 continuous hours; the location of the vessel 
during the time an exemption is sought; and the exact time period for 
which an exemption is needed (i.e., the time the VMS will be turned off 
and turned on again).
    (B) Issuance. Upon receipt of an application, the Regional 
Administrator may issue a letter of exemption to the vessel if it is 
determined that the vessel owner provided sufficient information as 
required under paragraph (c)(2)(ii)(A) of this section and that the 
issuance of the letter of exemption will not jeopardize accurate 
monitoring of the vessel's DAS. Upon written request, the Regional 
Administrator may change the time period for which the exemption was 
granted.
    (iii) Any VMS-equipped vessel with an Atlantic herring permit, 
unless required by other fishery regulations to have on board a fully 
operational VMS unit at all times, need not transmit a signal when the 
vessel is in port.
    (d) Presumption. If a VMS unit fails to transmit an hourly signal of 
a vessel's position, the vessel shall be deemed to have incurred a DAS, 
or fraction thereof, for as long as the unit fails to transmit a signal, 
unless a preponderance of evidence shows that the failure to transmit 
was due to an unavoidable malfunction or disruption of the transmission 
that occurred while the vessel was declared out of the scallop fishery 
or NE multispecies or monkfish fishery, as applicable, or was not at 
sea.
    (e) Replacement. Should a VMS unit require replacement, a vessel 
owner must submit documentation to the Regional Administrator, within 3 
days of installation and prior to the vessel's next trip, verifying that 
the new VMS unit is an operational, approved system as described under 
paragraph (a) of this section.

[[Page 306]]

    (f) Access. As a condition to obtaining a limited access scallop or 
multispecies permit, or an Atlantic herring permit, all vessel owners 
must allow NMFS, the USCG, and their authorized officers or designees 
access to the vessel's DAS data, if applicable, and location data 
obtained from its VMS unit, if required, at the time of or after its 
transmission to the vendor or receiver, as the case may be.
    (g) Tampering. Tampering with a VMS, a VMS unit, or a VMS signal, is 
prohibited. Tampering includes any activity that is likely to affect the 
unit's ability to operate properly, signal, or accuracy of computing the 
vessel's position fix.

[61 FR 34968, July 3, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 14646, Mar. 27, 1997; 63 
FR 58329, Oct. 30, 1998; 64 FR 54745, Oct. 7, 1999; 65 FR 77466, Dec. 
11, 2000]