[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 16, Volume 2]
[Revised as of January 1, 2003]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 16CFR1406.3]

[Page 396-397]
 
                     TITLE 16--COMMERCIAL PRACTICES
 
             CHAPTER II--CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION
 
PART 1406--COAL AND WOOD BURNING APPLIANCES--NOTIFICATION OF PERFORMANCE AND TECHNICAL DATA--Table of Contents
 
Sec. 1406.3  Definitions.

    For the purposes of this rule:
    (a) Coal and wood burning appliances means fireplace stoves, room 
heater/fireplace stove combinations, cookstoves and ranges, and radiant 
and circulating heaters. It does not include central heating units, 
masonry fireplaces and chimneys, fireplace inserts, or factory built 
fireplaces (zero clearance fireplaces).
    (b) Central heating units include boilers, furnaces, and furnace 
add-ons. These appliances are designed to be connected to hot water 
distribution or ductwork systems for heating several rooms. The furnace 
add-on converts an existing gas, oil, or electric heating system to one 
capable of using solid fuel as well as its original fuel.
    (c) A chimney is a vertical or nearly vertical enclosure containing 
one or more passageways called flue passages for conveying combustion 
wastes to the outside atmosphere.
    (d) A chimney connector is the stovepipe which connects the 
appliance flue with the chimney flue.
    (e) Cookstoves and ranges are chimney connected solid fuel burning 
appliances that are used primarily for cooking. In addition to the 
firechamber, there may be one or more ovens or warmer compartments and 
several removable cooking space pothole lids. The intensity of the fire 
is controlled by damper and draft regulators.
    (f) A factory built fireplace is a firechamber and chimney assembly 
consisting entirely of factory made parts. It is designed for component 
assembly without requiring field construction. These ``zero clearance'' 
units are fabricated for safe installation against combustible surfaces 
and for burning fireplace fuel.
    (g) Fireplace inserts are heating units that fit into a fireplace 
and connect to the fireplace flue. These units function like radiant and 
circulating heaters.
    (h) A fireplace stove is a freestanding, chimney-connected 
firechamber which is constantly open to view. It is designed to burn 
regular fireplace fuel and function as a decorative fireplace.
    (i) A masonry chimney is a chimney field-constucted of solid masonry 
units, brick, stones, or reinforced concrete.
    (j) A masonry fireplace is an open firechamber built into a 
structure along with a chimney and hearth. It is constructed of solid 
masonry units such as bricks, stones, or reinforced concrete.
    (k) Radiant and circulating heaters have firechambers which may be 
airtight \1\ or non-airtight and are available in a number of sizes, 
shapes, and designs. The firechamber is closed in use, but there may be 
a window of specially formulated glass for viewing the fire. Drafts and 
dampers are used to control the burning process. There may be a 
secondary combustion chamber, baffles, a thermostat, a blower, or other 
components which function to improve combustion efficiency or to control 
heat output. The primary function of these appliances is as space 
heaters. However, some have lift-off cooking pothole lids, and the top 
surface of most can be used for cooking. The fuel may be wood, coal, or 
both. Radiant heaters transmit heat primarily by direct radiation. 
Circulating heaters have an outer jacket surrounding the fire chamber. 
Air enters from the bottom, is warmed by passing over the fire chamber, 
and exits at the top. Movement is by natural convection or forced air 
circulation.
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    \1\ An airtight stove is defined as ``A stove in which a large fire 
can be suffocated by shutting the air inlets, resulting ultimately in a 
large mass of unburned fuel remaining in the stove.'' Jay W. Shelton, 
Wood Heat Safety, Garden Way Publishing, Charlotte, Vermont (1979), p. 
160.
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    (l) A ``room heater/fireplace stove combination'' is a freestanding, 
chimney-connected fire chamber with doors. It is designed to be used to 
burn fireplace fuels with the firechamber either open or closed to view. 
This appliance functions as a decorative fireplace when the doors are 
open and as a non-

[[Page 397]]

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airtight heater when the doors are closed.

[48 FR 21914, May 16, 1983]