[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 32, Volume 1]
[Revised as of July 1, 2003]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 32CFR57.3]

[Page 271-279]
 
                       TITLE 32--NATIONAL DEFENSE
 
              CHAPTER I--OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE
 
PART 57--PROVISION OF EARLY INTERVENTION AND SPECIAL EDUCATION SERVICES TO 
ELIGIBLE DOD DEPENDENTS IN OVERSEAS AREAS--Table of Contents
 
Sec. 57.3  Definitions.

    Area superintendent. The Superintendent of a DoDDS area, or 
designee.
    Assessment. Techniques, procedures, and/or instruments used to 
measure the individual components of an evaluation.
    Assistive technology device. Any item, piece of equipment, or 
product system that is used to increase, maintain, or improve functional 
capabilities of children with disabilities.
    Assistive technology service. Any service that directly assists an 
individual with a disability in the selection, acquisition, or use of an 
assistive technology device. That term includes the following:
    (1) The evaluation of the needs of an individual with a disability, 
including a functional evaluation in the individual's customary 
environment.
    (2) Purchasing, leasing, or otherwise providing for the acquisition 
of assistive technology devices by individuals with disabilities.
    (3) Selecting, designing, fitting, customizing, adapting, applying, 
maintaining, repairing, or replacing assistive technology devices.
    (4) Coordinating and using other therapies, interventions, or 
services with assistive technology devices, such as those associated 
with existing educational and rehabilitative plans and programs.
    (5) Training or technical assistance for an individual with 
disabilities, or, the family of an individual with disabilities.
    (6) Training or technical assistance for professionals (including 
individuals providing educational rehabilitative services), employers, 
or other individuals who provide services to employ, or are otherwise 
substantially involved in the major life functions of an individual with 
a disability.

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    Audiology. A service that includes the following:
    (1) Identification of children with auditory impairments.
    (2) Determination of the range, nature, and degree of hearing loss, 
and communication functions including referral for medical or other 
professional attention for the habilitation of hearing.
    (3) Provision of habilitative activities, such as language 
habilitation, auditory training, speech-reading (lip-reading), hearing 
evaluation, and speech conservation.
    (4) Creation and administration of programs for the prevention of 
hearing loss.
    (5) Counseling and guidance of pupils for the prevention of hearing 
loss.
    (6) Determination of the child's need for group and individual 
amplification, selecting and fitting an aid, and evaluating the 
effectiveness of amplification.
    Autism. A development disability significantly affecting verbal and 
nonverbal communication and social interaction generally evident before 
age 3 that adversely affects educational performance. That term does not 
include a child with characteristics of the disability termed ``serious 
emotional disturbance.''
    Case study committee (CSC). (1) A school-level team comprised of, 
among others, the principal, other educators, parents, and MRS providers 
who do the following:
    (i) Oversee screening and referral of children who may require 
special education.
    (ii) Oversee the multidisciplinary evaluation of such children.
    (iii) Determine the eligibility of the student for special education 
and related services.
    (iv) Formulate an individualized education curriculum reflected in 
an Individualized Education Program (IEP), in accordance with this part.
    (v) Monitor the development, review, and revision of IEPs.
    (2) In addition to the required members of the CSC, other membership 
will vary depending on the purpose of the meeting. An area CSC, 
appointed by the DoDDS Area Superintendent, acts in the absence of a 
school CSC. Members of an area CSC may be assigned to augment a school 
CSC. The area CSC must have at least two members besides the parent. One 
of the DoDDS members must have the authority to commit DoDDS resources; 
one shall be qualified to provide, or supervise the provision of special 
education. Other members may be selected from the following groups:
    (i) DoDDS regular education personnel.
    (ii) DoDDS special education personnel.
    (iii) MRS personnel.
    Child-find. The ongoing process used by the DoDDS, the Military 
Departments, and the other DoD Components to seek and identify children 
from birth to age 21, inclusive, who may require early intervention 
services or special education and related services. Child-find 
activities include the dissemination of information to the public, the 
identification and screening of children, and the use of referral 
procedures.
    Children with disabilities (ages 3 To 21, inclusive). Children, 
before graduation from high school or completion of the General 
Education Degree, who have one or more impairments, as determined by a 
CSC and who need special education and related services.
    Consent. That term means the following:
    (1) The parent is fully informed of all information about the 
activity for which consent is sought in the native language or in 
another mode of communication, if necessary.
    (2) The parent understands and agrees in writing to the 
implementation of the activity for which permission is sought. That 
consent describes the activity, lists the child's records (if any) to be 
released outside the Department of Defense, and specifies to whom the 
records shall be sent. The signed consent acknowledges the parent's 
understanding that the parental consent is voluntary and may be revoked 
at any time.
    Counseling service. A service provided by a qualified social worker, 
psychologist, guidance counselor, or other qualified personnel.

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    Deaf-blindness. Concomitant hearing and visual impairments. That 
disability causes such severe communication, developmental, and 
educational problems that it cannot be accommodated in special education 
programs solely for children with deafness or blindness.
    Deafness. A severe hearing loss or deficit that impairs a child's 
ability to process linguistic information through hearing, with or 
without amplification, and affects the educational performance 
adversely.
    Developmental delay. That term means the following:
    (1) A significant discrepancy in the actual functioning of an 
infant, toddler, or child, birth through age 5, when compared with the 
functioning of a nondisabled infant, toddler, or child of the same 
chronological age in any of the following areas: physical, cognitive, 
communication, social or emotional, and adaptive developmental as 
measured using standardized evaluation instruments and confirmed by 
clinical observation and judgment.
    (2) High probability for developmental delay. An infant or toddler, 
birth through age 2, with a diagnosed physical or mental condition, such 
as chromosomal disorders and genetic syndromes, that places the infant 
or toddler at substantial risk of evidencing a developmental delay 
without the benefit of early intervention services.
    Early identification. The implementation of a formal plan for 
identifying a disability as early as possible in a child's life.
    Early intervention services. (1) Developmental services that meet 
the following criteria:
    (i) Are provided under the supervision of a Military medical 
Department.
    (ii) Are provided using Military Health Services System resources at 
no cost to the parents. Parents may be charged in those instances where 
Federal law provides for a system of payments by families including a 
schedule of sliding fees, if any, (and incidental fees identified in 
Service guidance) that are normally charged to infants, toddlers, and 
children without disabilities or to their parents.
    (iii) Are designed to meet the developmental needs of an infant or 
toddler with a disability in any one or more of the following areas:
    (A) Physical.
    (B) Cognitive.
    (C) Communication.
    (D) Social or emotional.
    (E) Adaptive development.
    (iv) Meet the standards developed or adopted by the Department of 
Defense.
    (v) Are provided by qualified personnel including early childhood 
special educators, speech and language pathologists and audiologists, 
occupational therapists, physical therapists, psychologists, social 
workers, nurses, nutritionists, family therapists, orientation and 
mobility specialists, and pediatricians and other physicians.
    (vi) Maximally, are provided in natural environments including the 
home and community settings where infants and toddlers without 
disabilities participate.
    (vii) Are provided in conformity with an Individualized Family 
Service Plan (IFSP).
    (2) Developmental services include, but are not limited to, the 
following services: family training, counseling, and home visits; 
special instruction; speech pathology and audiology; occupational 
therapy; physical therapy; psychological services; service coordination 
services; medical services only for diagnostic or evaluation purposes; 
early identification, screening and assessment services; vision 
services; and social work services. Also included are assistive 
technology devices and assistive technology services; health services 
necessary to enable the infant or toddler to benefit from the above 
early intervention services; and transportation and related costs 
necessary to enable an infant or toddler and the family to receive early 
intervention services.
    Eligible. The term refers to children who meet the age, command 
sponsorship, and dependency requirements established by the DDEA, as 
amended, 20 U.S.C. 921 et seq. and DoD Directive 1342.13. When those 
conditions are met, children without disabilities, ages 5 to 21, and 
children with disabilities, ages 3 to 21, inclusive, are authorized to 
receive educational instruction from the

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DoDDS. Additionally, an eligible infant or toddler with disabilities is 
a child from birth through age 2 years who meets all of the DoDDS 
eligibility requirements except for the age requirement. In school year 
1994 through 1995, multidisciplinary assessments, IFSPs, and case 
management services shall be required and beginning in school year 1995 
through 1996, an eligible infant or toddler is entitled to receive early 
intervention services, in accordance with 20 U.S.C. 1400 et seq.
    Evaluation. The synthesis of assessment information by a 
multidisciplinary team used to determine whether a particular child has 
a disability, the type and extent of the disability, and the child's 
eligibility to receive early intervention or special education and/or 
related services.
    Family training, counseling, and home visits. Services provided by 
social workers, psychologists, and other qualified personnel to assist 
the family of an infant or toddler eligible for early intervention 
services. Those services assist a family in understanding the special 
needs of the child and enhancing the child's development.
    Free appropriate public education (FAPE). Special education and 
related services that do the following:
    (1) Are provided at no cost to parents of a child with a disability, 
and are under the general supervision and direction of the DoDDS.
    (2) Are provided in the least restrictive environment at a 
preschool, elementary, or secondary school.
    (3) Are provided in conformity with an IEP.
    (4) Meet the requirements of this part.
    Functional vocational evaluation. A student-centered appraisal 
process for vocational development and career decision making. It allows 
students, educators, and others to gather information about such 
development and decision making. Functional vocational evaluation 
activities for transitional, vocational, and career planning; 
instructional goals; objectives; and implementation.
    Health services. Services necessary to enable an infant or toddler 
to benefit from the other early intervention services being received 
under this part. That term includes the following:
    (1) Services such as clean intermittent catheterization, tracheotomy 
care, tube feeding, changing of dressings or colostomy collection bags, 
and other health services.
    (2) Consultation by physicians with other service providers about 
the special healthcare needs of infants and toddlers with disabilities 
that shall need to be addressed in the course of providing other early 
intervention services.
    (3) That term does not include the following:
    (i) Services that are surgical or solely medical.
    (ii) Devices necessary to control or treat a medical condition.
    (iii) Medical or health services routinely recommended for all 
infants or toddlers.
    Hearing impairment. An impairment in hearing, whether permanent or 
fluctuating, which adversely affects a child's educational performance, 
but is not included under deafness.
    Independent evaluation. An evaluation conducted by a qualified 
examiner who is not employed by the DoDDS.
    Individualized education program (IEP). A written document defining 
specially designed instruction for a student with a disability, ages 3 
to 21, inclusive. That document is developed and implemented, in 
accordance with this part.
    Individualized family service plan (IFSP). A written document for an 
infant or toddler, age birth through 2, with a disability and the family 
of such infant or toddler that is based on a multidisciplinary 
assessment of the unique needs of the child and concerns and priorities 
of the family, and identifies the early intervention and other services 
appropriate to meet such needs, concerns, and priorities.
    Infants and toddlers with disabilities. Children, ages birth through 
2, who need early intervention services because they:
    (1) Are experiencing a developmental delay; or,
    (2) Have a diagnosed physical or mental condition that has high 
probability of resulting in a developmental delay.

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    Inter-component. Cooperation among DoD organizations and programs, 
ensuring coordination and integration of services to infants, toddlers, 
children with disabilities and to their families.
    Medical services. Those evaluative, diagnostic, therapeutic, and 
supervisory services provided by a licensed and /or credentialed 
physician to assist CSCs and to implement IEPs. Medical services include 
diagnosis, evaluation, and medical supervision of related services that, 
by statute, regulation, or professional tradition, are the 
responsibility of a licensed and credentialed physician.
    Medically related services. (1) Medical services (as defined in 
definition ``Medical services'') are those services provided under 
professional medical supervision, which are required by a CSC to 
determine a student's eligibility for special education and, if the 
student is eligible, the special education and related services required 
by the student under this part.
    (2) Direct or indirect services under the development or 
implementation of an IEP necessary for the student to benefit from the 
educational curriculum. Those services may include medical services for 
diagnostic or evaluative purpose, social work, community health nursing, 
dietary, occupational therapy, physical therapy, audiology, 
ophthalmology, and psychological testing and therapy.
    Meetings. All parties attending a meeting to determine eligibility 
or placement of a child shall appear personally at the meeting site on 
issuance of written notice and establishment of a date convenient to the 
concerned parties. When a necessary participant is unable to attend, 
electronic communication suitable to the occasion may be used to involve 
the unavailable party. Parents generally shall be responsible for the 
cost of travel to personally attend meetings about the eligibility or 
placement of their child.
    Mental retardation. Significantly subaverage general intellectual 
functioning, existing concurrently with deficits in adaptive behavior. 
That disability is manifested during the developmental period and 
adversely affects a child's educational performance.
    Multidisciplinary. The involvement of two or more disciplines or 
professions in the integration and coordination of services, including 
evaluation and assessment activities, and development of an IFSP or an 
IEP.
    Native language. When used with reference to an individual of 
limited English proficiency, the home language normally used by such 
individuals, or in the case of a child, the language normally used by 
the parent of the child.
    Natural environments. Settings that are natural or normal (e.g., 
home or day care setting) for the infant, toddler, or child's same-age 
peers who have no disability.
    Non-DoDDS placement. An assignment by the DoDDS of a child with a 
disability to a non-DoDDS school or facility.
    Non-DoDDS school or facility. A public or private school or other 
institution not operated by the DoDDS.
    Nutrition services. Those services to infants and toddlers include 
the following:
    (1) Conducting individual assessments in nutritional history and 
dietary intake; anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical variables; 
feeding skills and feeding problems; and food habits and food 
preferences.
    (2) Developing and monitoring plans to address the nutritional needs 
of infants and toddlers eligible for early intervention services.
    (3) Making referrals to community resources to carry out nutrition 
goals.
    Occupational therapy. That term includes services to address the 
functional needs of children (birth to age 21, inclusive) related to 
adaptive development; adaptive behavior and play; and sensory, motor, 
and postural development. Those services are designed to improve the 
child's functional ability to perform tasks in home, school, and 
community settings, and include the following:
    (1) Identification, assessment, and intervention.
    (2) Adaption of the environment and selection, design, and 
fabrication of assistive and orthotic devices to help development and 
promote the acquisition of functional skills.
    (3) Prevention or minimization of the impact of initial or future 
impairment,

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delay in development, or loss of functional ability.
    Orthopedic impairment. A severe physical impairment that adversely 
affects a child's educational performance. That term includes congenital 
impairments such as club foot or absence of some member; impairments 
caused by disease, such as poliomyelitis and bone tuberculosis, and 
impairments from other causes such as cerebra palsy, amputations, and 
fractures or burns causing contractures.
    Other health impairment. Limited strength, vitality, or alterness 
due to chronic or acute health problems that adversely affect a child's 
educational performance. Such impairments include heart condition, 
tuberculosis, rheumatic fever, nephritis, asthma, sickle cell anemia, 
hemophilia, seizure disorder, lead poisoning, leukemia, diabetes, or 
attention deficit disorder.
    Parent. The biological father or mother of a child; a person who, by 
order of a court of competent jurisdiction, has been declared the father 
or mother of a child by adoption; the legal guardian of a child; or a 
person in whose household a child resides, if such person stands in loco 
parentis to that child and contributes at least one-half of the child's 
support.
    Parent counseling and training. A service to assist parents in 
understanding the special needs of their child's development and by 
providing them with information on child development and special 
education.
    Personally identifiable information. Information that would make it 
possible to identify the infant, toddler, or child with reasonable 
certainty. Examples include name, parent's name, address, social 
security number, or a list of personal characteristics.
    Physical therapy. That term includes services to children (birth to 
age 21, inclusive) to address the promotion of sensorimotor function 
through enhancement of musculoskeletal status, neurobehavioral 
organization, perceptual and motor development, cardiopulmonary status, 
and effective environmental adaption. Those services include the 
following:
    (1) Screening, evaluation, and assessment to identify movement 
dysfunction.
    (2) Obtaining, interpreting, and integrating information to 
appropriate program planning to prevent, alleviate, or compensate for 
movement dysfunction and related functional problems.
    (3) Providing individual and group services or treatment to prevent, 
alleviate, or compensate for movement dysfunction and related functional 
problems.
    Primary referral source. Parents and the DoD Components, including 
child development centers, pediatric clinics, and newborn nurseries, 
that suspect an infant or toddler has a disability and brings the child 
to the attention of the EIP.
    Psychological services. A service that includes the following:
    (1) Administering psychological and educational tests and other 
assessment procedures.
    (2) Interpreting test and assessment results.
    (3) Obtaining, integrating, and interpreting information about a 
child's behavior and conditions to learning.
    (4) Consulting with other staff members, including service 
providers, to plan programs to meet the special needs of children, as 
indicated by psychological tests, interviews, and behavioral 
evaluations.
    (5) Planning and managing a program of psychological services, 
including psychological counseling for children and parents, family 
counseling, consultation on child development, parent training, and 
education programs.
    Public awareness program. Activities or print materials focusing on 
early identification of infants and toddlers with disabilities. 
Materials may include information prepared and disseminated by a 
military medical department to all primary referral sources and 
information for parents on the availability of early intervention 
services. Procedures to determine the availability of information on 
early intervention services to parents are also included in that 
program.
    Qualified. A person who meets the DoD-approved or recognized 
certification, licensing, or registration requirements or other 
comparable requirements in the area in which the person provides special 
education or related services or early intervention

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services to an infant, toddler, or child with a disability.
    Recreation. A related service that includes the following.
    (1) Assessment of leisure activities.
    (2) Therapeutic recreational activities.
    (3) Recreational programs in schools and community agencies.
    (4) Leisure education.
    Rehabilitation counseling. Services provided by a rehabilitation 
counselor or other qualified personnel in individual or group sessions 
that focus specifically on career development, employment preparation, 
achieving independence, and integration in the workplace and community 
of the student with a disability.
    Related services. Transportation and such developmental, corrective, 
and other supportive services as required to assist a child, age 3 to 
21, inclusive, with a disability to benefit from special education under 
the child's IEP. The term includes speech therapy and audiology, 
psychological services, physical and occupational therapy, recreation, 
early identification and assessment of disabilities in children, 
counseling services, and medical services for diagnostic or evaluative 
purposes. That term also includes rehabilitation counseling services, 
school health services, social work services in schools, and parent 
counseling. The sources for those services are school, community, and 
medical treatment facilities (MTFs).
    School health services. Services provided by a qualified school 
nurse or other qualified person.
    Separate facility. A school or a portion of a school, regardless of 
whether it is operated by the DoDDS, attended exclusively by children 
with disabilities.
    Serious emotional disturbance. A condition confirmed by clinical 
evaluation and diagnosis and that, over a long period of time and to a 
marked degree, adversely affect educational performance, and exhibits 
one or more of the following characteristics:
    (1) Inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, 
sensory, or health factors.
    (2) Inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal 
relationships with peers and teachers.
    (3) Inappropriate types of behavior under normal circumstances.
    (4) A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears associated with 
personal or school problems.
    (5) A general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression. Includes 
children who are schizophrenic, but does not include children who are 
socially maladjusted unless it is determined they are seriously 
emotionally disturbed.
    Service coordination. Activities of a service coordinator to assist 
and enable an infant or toddler and the family to receive the rights, 
procedural safeguards, and services that are authorized to be provided 
under the DoD EIP. Those activities include the following:
    (1) Coordinating the performance of evaluation and assessments.
    (2) Assisting families to identify their resources, concerns, and 
priorities.
    (3) Facilitating and participating in the development, review, and 
evaluation of IFSPs.
    (4) Assisting in identifying available service providers.
    (5) Coordinating and monitoring the delivery of available services.
    (6) Informing the family of support or advocacy services.
    (7) Coordinating with medical and health providers.
    (8) Facilitating the development of a transition plan to preschool 
services.
    Service provider. Any individual who provides services listed in an 
IEP or an IFSP.
    Social work services in schools. A service that includes the 
following:
    (1) Preparing a social or developmental history on a child with a 
disability.
    (2) Counseling a child and the family on a group or individual 
basis.
    (3) Working with those problems in a child's home, school, or 
community that adversely affect adjustment in school.
    (4) Using school and community resources to enable a child to 
receive maximum benefit from the educational program.
    Special education. Instruction and related services for which a 
child, age 3 to 21, inclusive, becomes entitled when a CSC determines a 
child's educational

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performance is adversely affected by one or more disabling conditions.
    (1) Special education is specially designed instruction, including 
physical education, which is provided at no cost to the parent or 
guardians to meet the unique needs of a child with a disability, 
including instruction conducted in the classroom, in the home, in 
hospitals and institutions, and in other settings.
    (2) That term includes speech therapy or any other related service 
if the service consists of specially designed instruction, at no cost to 
the parents, to meet the unique needs of a child with a disability.
    (3) That term also includes vocational education if it consists of 
specially designed instruction, at no cost to the parents, to meet the 
unique needs of a child with a disability.
    (4) At no cost. For a child eligible to attend the DoDDS without 
paying tuition, specially designed instruction and related services are 
provided without charge. Incidental fees normally charged to nondisabled 
students or their parents as a part of the regular educational program 
may be imposed.
    (5) Physical education. The development of the following:
    (i) Physical and motor fitness.
    (ii) Fundamental motor skills and patterns.
    (iii) Skills in aquatics, dance, and individual and group games and 
sports, including intramural and lifetime sports.
    (iv) A program that includes special physical education, adapted 
physical education, movement education, and motor development.
    (6) Vocational education. Organized educational programs for the 
preparation of individuals for paid or unpaid employment or for 
additional preparation for a career requiring other than a baccalaureate 
or advanced degree.
    Special instruction. That term includes the following:
    (1) The design of learning environments and activities to promote 
acquisition of skills in a variety of developmental areas, including 
cognitive processes and social interaction.
    (2) Curriculum planning, including the planned interaction of 
personnel, materials, time, and space, that leads to achieving the 
outcomes in an IEP or an IFSP.
    (3) Providing families with information, skills, and support to 
enhance skill development.
    (4) Working with a child to enhance development and cognitive 
processes.
    Specific learning impairment. A disorder in one or more of the basic 
psychological processes involved in understanding or in using spoken or 
written language that may manifest itself as an imperfect ability to 
listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, remember, or do mathematical 
calculations. That term includes such conditions as perceptual 
disabilities, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction, dyslexia, and 
developmental aphasia. The term, commonly called, ``specific learning 
disability,'' does not include learning problems that are primarily the 
result of visual, hearing, or motor disabilities; mental retardation; 
emotional disturbance; or environmental, cultural, or economic 
differences.
    Speech and language impairments. A communication disorder, such as 
stuttering, impaired articulation, voice impairment, or a disorder in 
the receptive or expressive areas of language that adversely affects a 
child's educational performance.
    Speech therapy. That related service includes the following:
    (1) Identification of children with communicative or oropharyngeal 
disorders and delays in development of communication skills.
    (2) Diagnosis and appraisal of specific speech or language 
impairments.
    (3) Referral for medical or other professional attention to correct 
or habilitate speech or language impairments.
    (4) Provision of speech and language services for the correction, 
habilitation, and prevention of communicative impairments.
    (5) Counseling and guidance of children, parents, and teachers for 
speech and language impairments.
    Transition services. That term means the following:
    (1) A coordinated set of activities for a student that may be 
required to promote movement from early intervention, preschool, and 
other educational programs into different educational settings or 
programs.

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    (2) For students 14 years of age and older, transition services are 
designed in an outcome-oriented process which promotes movement from 
school to postschool activities; including, post-secondary education, 
vocational training, integrated employment; and including supported 
employment, continuing and adult education, adult services, independent 
living, or community participation. The coordinated set of activities 
shall be based on the individual student's needs, considering the 
student's preferences and interests, and shall include instruction, 
community experiences, the development of employment and other 
postschool adult living objectives, and acquisition of daily living 
skills and functional vocational evaluation.
    Transportation. A service that includes the following:
    (1) Services rendered under the IEP of a child with a disability:
    (i) Travel to and from school and between schools, including travel 
necessary to permit participation in educational and recreational 
activities and related services.
    (ii) Travel in and around school buildings.
    (iii) Specialized equipment, including special or adapted buses, 
lifts, and ramps, if required to provide transportation for a child with 
a disability.
    (2) Transportation and related costs for early intervention services 
include the cost of travel (e.g., mileage or travel by taxi, common 
carrier, or other means) and other costs (e.g., tolls and parking 
expenses) that are necessary to enable an eligible child and the family 
to receive early intervention services.
    Traumatic brain injury. An acquired injury to the brain caused by an 
external physical force resulting in total or partial functional 
disability or psychosocial impairment that adversely affects educational 
performance. That term includes open or closed head injuries resulting 
in mild, moderate, or severe impairments in one or more areas including 
cognition, language, memory, attention, reasoning, abstract thinking, 
judgment, problem solving, sensory, perceptual and motor abilities, 
psychosocial behavior, physical function, information processing, and 
speech. That term does not include brain injuries that are congenital or 
degenerative, or brain injuries that are induced by birth trauma.
    Vision services. Services necessary to habilitate or rehabilitate 
the effects of sensory impairment resulting from a loss of vision.
    Visual impairment. An impairment of vision that, even with 
correction, adversely affects a child's educational performance. That 
term includes both partially seeing and blind children.