[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 11]
[Revised as of July 1, 2003]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR63.1204]
[Page 13-17]
TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
PART 63--NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS FOR SOURCE CATEGORIES--Table of Contents
Subpart EEE--National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
from Hazardous Waste Combustors
Sec. 63.1204 What are the standards for hazardous waste burning cement kilns?
(a) Emission limits for existing sources. You must not discharge or
cause combustion gases to be emitted into the atmosphere that contain:
(1) For dioxins and furans:
(i) Emissions in excess of 0.20 ng TEQ/dscm corrected to 7 percent
oxygen; or
(ii) Emissions in excess of 0.40 ng TEQ/dscm corrected to 7 percent
oxygen provided that the combustion gas temperature at the inlet to the
initial dry particulate matter control device is 400 F or lower based
on the average of the test run average temperatures;
(2) Mercury in excess of 120 [mgr]g/dscm corrected to 7 percent
oxygen;
(3) Lead and cadmium in excess of 330 [mgr]g/dscm, combined
emissions, corrected to 7 percent oxygen;
(4) Arsenic, beryllium, and chromium in excess of 56 [mgr]g/dscm,
combined emissions, corrected to 7 percent oxygen;
(5) Carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. (i) For kilns equipped with a
by-pass duct or midkiln gas sampling system, either:
(A) Carbon monoxide in the by-pass duct or mid-kiln gas sampling
system in excess of 100 parts per million by volume, over an hourly
rolling average (monitored continuously with a continuous emissions
monitoring system), dry basis and corrected to 7 percent oxygen. If you
elect to comply with this carbon monoxide standard rather than the
hydrocarbon standard under paragraph (a)(5)(i)(B) of this section, you
must also document that, during the destruction and removal efficiency
(DRE) test runs or their equivalent as provided by Sec. 63.1206(b)(7),
hydrocarbons in the by-pass duct or mid-kiln gas sampling system do not
exceed 10 parts per million by volume during those runs, over an hourly
rolling average (monitored continuously with a continuous emissions
monitoring system), dry basis, corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and
reported as propane; or
(B) Hydrocarbons in the by-pass duct or midkiln gas sampling system
in excess of 10 parts per million by volume, over an hourly rolling
average (monitored continuously with a continuous emissions monitoring
system), dry basis, corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and reported as
propane;
(ii) For kilns not equipped with a by-pass duct or midkiln gas
sampling system, either:
(A) Hydrocarbons in the main stack in excess of 20 parts per million
by volume, over an hourly rolling average (monitored continuously with a
continuous emissions monitoring system), dry basis, corrected to 7
percent oxygen, and reported as propane; or
(B) Carbon monoxide in the main stack in excess of 100 parts per
million by volume, over an hourly rolling average (monitored
continuously with a continuous emissions monitoring system), dry basis
and corrected to 7 percent oxygen. If you elect to comply with this
carbon monoxide standard rather than the hydrocarbon standard under
paragraph (a)(5)(ii)(A) of this section, you also must document that,
[[Page 14]]
during the destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) test runs or their
equivalent as provided by Sec. 63.1206(b)(7), hydrocarbons in the main
stack do not exceed 20 parts per million by volume during those runs,
over an hourly rolling average (monitored continuously with a continuous
emissions monitoring system), dry basis, corrected to 7 percent oxygen,
and reported as propane.
(6) Hydrochloric acid and chlorine gas in excess of 130 parts per
million by volume, combined emissions, expressed as hydrochloric acid
equivalents, dry basis, corrected to 7 percent oxygen; and
(7) Particulate matter in excess of 0.15 kg/Mg dry feed and opacity
greater than 20 percent.
(i) You must use suitable methods to determine the kiln raw material
feedrate.
(ii) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(7)(iii) of this section,
you must compute the particulate matter emission rate, E, from the
following equation:
E=(CsxQsd)/P
Where:
E=emission rate of particulate matter, kg/Mg of kiln raw material feed;
Cs=concentration of particulate matter, kg/dscm;
Qsd=volumetric flowrate of effluent gas, dscm/hr; and
P=total kiln raw material feed (dry basis), Mg/hr.
(iii) If you operate a preheater or preheater/precalciner kiln with
dual stacks, you must test simultaneously and compute the combined
particulate matter emission rate, Ec, from the following
equation:
Ec=(CskxQsdk+CsbxQsdb
)/P
Where:
Ec=the combined emission rate of particulate matter from the
kiln and bypass stack, kg/Mg of kiln raw material feed;
Csk=concentration of particulate matter in the kiln effluent,
kg/dscm;
Qsdk=volumetric flowrate of kiln effluent gas, dscm/hr;
Csb=concentration of particulate matter in the bypass stack
effluent, kg/dscm;
Qsdb=volumetric flowrate of bypass stack effluent gas, dscm/
hr; and
P = total kiln raw material feed (dry basis), Mg/hr.
(b) Emission limits for new sources. You must not discharge or cause
combustion gases to be emitted into the atmosphere that contain:
(1) For dioxins and furans:
(i) Emissions in excess of 0.20 ng TEQ/dscm corrected to 7 percent
oxygen; or
(ii) Emissions in excess of 0.40 ng TEQ/dscm corrected to 7 percent
oxygen provided that the combustion gas temperature at the inlet to the
initial dry particulate matter control device is 400 F or lower based
on the average of the test run average temperatures;
(2) Mercury in excess of 120 [mu]g/dscm corrected to 7 percent
oxygen;
(3) Lead and cadmium in excess of 180 [mu]g/dscm, combined
emissions, corrected to 7 percent oxygen;
(4) Arsenic, beryllium, and chromium in excess of 54 [mu]g/dscm,
combined emissions, corrected to 7 percent oxygen;
(5) Carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. (i) For kilns equipped with a
by-pass duct or midkiln gas sampling system, carbon monoxide and
hydrocarbons emissions are limited in both the bypass duct or midkiln
gas sampling system and the main stack as follows:
(A) Emissions in the by-pass or midkiln gas sampling system are
limited to either:
(1) Carbon monoxide in excess of 100 parts per million by volume,
over an hourly rolling average (monitored continuously with a continuous
emissions monitoring system), dry basis and corrected to 7 percent
oxygen. If you elect to comply with this carbon monoxide standard rather
than the hydrocarbon standard under paragraph (b)(5)(i)(A)(2) of this
section, you also must document that, during the destruction and removal
efficiency (DRE) test runs or their equivalent as provided by Sec.
63.1206(b)(7), hydrocarbons do not exceed 10 parts per million by volume
during those runs, over an hourly rolling average (monitored
continuously with a continuous emissions monitoring system), dry basis,
corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and reported as propane; or
(2) Hydrocarbons in the by-pass duct or midkiln gas sampling system
in excess of 10 parts per million by volume, over an hourly rolling
average (monitored continuously with a continuous emissions monitoring
system), dry
[[Page 15]]
basis, corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and reported as propane; and
(B) Hydrocarbons in the main stack are limited, if construction of
the kiln commenced after April 19, 1996 at a plant site where a cement
kiln (whether burning hazardous waste or not) did not previously exist,
to 50 parts per million by volume, over a 30-day block average
(monitored continuously with a continuous monitoring system), dry basis,
corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and reported as propane.
(ii) For kilns not equipped with a by-pass duct or midkiln gas
sampling system, hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide are limited in the
main stack to either:
(A) Hydrocarbons not exceeding 20 parts per million by volume, over
an hourly rolling average (monitored continuously with a continuous
emissions monitoring system), dry basis, corrected to 7 percent oxygen,
and reported as propane; or
(B)(1) Carbon monoxide not exceeding 100 parts per million by
volume, over an hourly rolling average (monitored continuously with a
continuous emissions monitoring system), dry basis, corrected to 7
percent oxygen; and
(2) Hydrocarbons not exceeding 20 parts per million by volume, over
an hourly rolling average (monitored continuously with a continuous
monitoring system), dry basis, corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and
reported as propane at any time during the destruction and removal
efficiency (DRE) test runs or their equivalent as provided by Sec.
63.1206(b)(7); and
(3) If construction of the kiln commenced after April 19, 1996 at a
plant site where a cement kiln (whether burning hazardous waste or not)
did not previously exist, hydrocarbons are limited to 50 parts per
million by volume, over a 30-day block average (monitored continuously
with a continuous monitoring system), dry basis, corrected to 7 percent
oxygen, and reported as propane.
(6) Hydrochloric acid and chlorine gas in excess of 86 parts per
million, combined emissions, expressed as hydrochloric acid equivalents,
dry basis and corrected to 7 percent oxygen; and
(7) Particulate matter in excess of 0.15 kg/Mg dry feed and opacity
greater than 20 percent.
(i) You must use suitable methods to determine the kiln raw material
feedrate.
(ii) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(7)(iii) of this section,
you must compute the particulate matter emission rate, E, from the
equation specified in paragraph (a)(7)(ii) of this section.
(iii) If you operate a preheater or preheater/precalciner kiln with
dual stacks, you must test simultaneously and compute the combined
particulate matter emission rate, Ec, from the equation
specified in paragraph (a)(7)(iii) of this section.
(c) Destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) standard. (1) 99.99%
DRE. Except as provided in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, you must
achieve a destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) of 99.99% for each
principle organic hazardous constituent (POHC) designated under
paragraph (c)(3) of this section. You must calculate DRE for each POHC
from the following equation:
DRE=[1-(Wout/Win)]x100%
Where:
Win=mass feedrate of one principal organic hazardous
constituent (POHC) in a waste feedstream; and
Wout=mass emission rate of the same POHC present in exhaust
emissions prior to release to the atmosphere.
(2) 99.9999% DRE. If you burn the dioxin-listed hazardous wastes
F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, or F027 (see Sec. 261.31 of this chapter),
you must achieve a destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) of 99.9999%
for each principle organic hazardous constituent (POHC) that you
designate under paragraph (c)(3) of this section. You must demonstrate
this DRE performance on POHCs that are more difficult to incinerate than
tetra-, penta-, and hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans. You
must use the equation in paragraph (c)(1) of this section to calculate
DRE for each POHC. In addition, you must notify the Administrator of
your intent to incinerate hazardous wastes F020, F021, F022, F023, F026,
or F027.
[[Page 16]]
(3) Principal organic hazardous constituents (POHCs). (i) You must
treat the Principal Organic Hazardous Constituents (POHCs) in the waste
feed that you specify under paragraph (c)(3)(ii) of this section to the
extent required by paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section.
(ii) You must specify one or more POHCs from the list of hazardous
air pollutants established by 42 U.S.C. 7412(b)(1), excluding
caprolactam (CAS number 105602) as provided by Sec. 63.60, for each waste
to be burned. You must base this specification on the degree of
difficulty of incineration of the organic constituents in the waste and
on their concentration or mass in the waste feed, considering the
results of waste analyses or other data and information.
(d) Cement kilns with in-line kiln raw mills. (1) General. (i) You
must conduct performance testing when the raw mill is on-line and when
the mill is off-line to demonstrate compliance with the emission
standards, and you must establish separate operating parameter limits
under Sec. 63.1209 for each mode of operation, except as provided by
paragraph (d)(1)(iv) of this section.
(ii) You must document in the operating record each time you change
from one mode of operation to the alternate mode and begin complying
with the operating parameter limits for that alternate mode of
operation.
(iii) You must calculate rolling averages for operating parameter
limits as provided by Sec. 63.1209(q)(2).
(iv) If your in-line kiln raw mill has dual stacks, you may assume
that the dioxin/furan emission levels in the by-pass stack and the
operating parameter limits determined during performance testing of the
by-pass stack when the raw mill is off-line are the same as when the
mill is on-line.
(2) Emissions averaging. You may comply with the mercury,
semivolatile metal, low volatile metal, and hydrochloric acid/chlorine
gas emission standards on a time-weighted average basis under the
following procedures:
(i) Averaging methodology. You must calculate the time-weighted
average emission concentration with the following equation:
Ctotal={Cmill-offx(Tmill-off/
(Tmill-off+Tmill-on
))}+Cmill-onx(Tmill-on /
(Tmill-off+Tmill-on))}
Where:
Ctotal=time-weighted average concentration of a regulated
constituent considering both raw mill on time and off time;
Cmill-off=average performance test concentration of regulated
constituent with the raw mill off-line;
Cmill-on=average performance test concentration of regulated
constituent with the raw mill on-line;
Tmill-off=time when kiln gases are not routed through the raw
mill; and
Tmill-on=time when kiln gases are routed through the raw
mill.
(ii) Compliance. (A) If you use this emission averaging provision,
you must document in the operating record compliance with the emission
standards on an annual basis by using the equation provided by paragraph
(d)(2) of this section.
(B) Compliance is based on one-year block averages beginning on the
day you submit the initial notification of compliance.
(iii) Notification. (A) If you elect to document compliance with one
or more emission standards using this emission averaging provision, you
must notify the Administrator in the initial comprehensive performance
test plan submitted under Sec. 63.1207(e).
(B) You must include historical raw mill operation data in the
performance test plan to estimate future raw mill down-time and document
in the performance test plan that estimated emissions and estimated raw
mill down-time will not result in an exceedance of an emission standard
on an annual basis.
(C) You must document in the notification of compliance submitted
under Sec. 63.1207(j) that an emission standard will not be exceeded based
on the documented emissions from the performance test and predicted raw
mill down-time.
(e) Preheater or preheater/precalciner kilns with dual stacks. (1)
General. You must conduct performance testing on each stack to
demonstrate compliance with the emission standards, and you must
establish operating parameter limits under Sec. 63.1209 for each stack,
except as provided by paragraph (d)(1)(iv) of this section for dioxin/
furan emissions testing and operating parameter
[[Page 17]]
limits for the by-pass stack of in-line raw mills.
(2) Emissions averaging. You may comply with the mercury,
semivolatile metal, low volatile metal, and hydrochloric acid/chlorine
gas emission standards specified in this section on a gas flowrate-
weighted average basis under the following procedures:
(i) Averaging methodology. You must calculate the gas flowrate-
weighted average emission concentration using the following equation:
Ctot = {Cmain x (Qmain /
(Qmain + Qbypass))} +
{Cbypassx(Qbypass / (Qmain +
Qbypass))}
Where:
Ctot = gas flowrate-weighted average concentration of the
regulated constituent;
Cmain = average performance test concentration demonstrated
in the main stack;
Cbypass = average performance test concentration demonstrated
in the bypass stack;
Qmain = volumetric flowrate of main stack effluent gas; and
Qbypass = volumetric flowrate of bypass effluent gas.
(ii) Compliance. (A) You must demonstrate compliance with the
emission standard(s) using the emission concentrations determined from
the performance tests and the equation provided by paragraph (e)(1) of
this section; and
(B) You must develop operating parameter limits for bypass stack and
main stack flowrates that ensure the emission concentrations calculated
with the equation in paragraph (e)(1) of this section do not exceed the
emission standards on a 12-hour rolling average basis. You must include
these flowrate limits in the Notification of Compliance.
(iii) Notification. If you elect to document compliance under this
emissions averaging provision, you must:
(A) Notify the Administrator in the initial comprehensive
performance test plan submitted under Sec. 63.1207(e). The performance test
plan must include, at a minimum, information describing the flowrate
limits established under paragraph (e)(2)(ii)(B) of this section; and
(B) Document in the Notification of Compliance submitted under Sec.
63.1207(j) the demonstrated gas flowrate-weighted average emissions that
you calculate with the equation provided by paragraph (e)(2) of this
section.
(f) Significant figures. The emission limits provided by paragraphs
(a) and (b) of this section are presented with two significant figures.
Although you must perform intermediate calculations using at least three
significant figures, you may round the resultant emission levels to two
significant figures to document compliance.
(g) [Reserved]
(h) When you comply with the particulate matter requirements of
paragraphs (a)(7) or (b)(7) of this section, you are exempt from the New
Source Performance Standard for particulate matter and opacity under Sec.
60.60 of this chapter.
[67 FR 6809, Feb. 13, 2002, as amended at 67 FR 6987, Feb. 14, 2002]