[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 15]
[Revised as of July 1, 2003]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR85.1515]
[Page 559-561]
TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
PART 85--CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION FROM MOBILE SOURCES--Table of Contents
Subpart P--Importation of Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Engines
Sec. 85.1515 Emission standards and test procedures applicable to imported nonconforming motor vehicles and motor vehicle engines.
(a) Notwithstanding any other requirements of this subpart, any
motor vehicle or motor vehicle engine conditionally imported pursuant to
Sec. 85.1505 or Sec. 85.1509 and required to be emission tested shall be
tested using the FCT at 40 CFR part 86 applicable to current model year
motor vehicles and motor vehicle engines at the time of testing.
(b) The emission standards applicable to nonconforming light-duty
vehicles and light-duty trucks imported pursuant to this subpart are
outlined in tables 1 and 2 of this section, respectively. The useful
life as specified in tables 1 and 2 of this section is applicable to
imported light-duty vehicles and light-duty trucks, respectively.
(c)(1) Nonconforming motor vehicles or motor vehicle engines of 1994
OP model year and later conditionally imported pursuant to Sec. 85.1505
or Sec. 85.1509 shall meet all of the emission standards specified in 40
CFR part 86 for the model year in which the motor vehicle or motor
vehicle engine is modified. At the option of the ICI, the nonconforming
motor vehicle may comply with the emissions standards in 40 CFR 86.1708-
99 or 86.1709-99, as applicable to a light-duty vehicle or light light-
duty truck, in lieu of the otherwise applicable emissions standards
specified in 40 CFR part 86 for the model year in which the
nonconforming motor vehicle is modified. The provisions of 40 CFR
86.1710-99 do not apply to imported nonconforming motor vehicles. The
useful life specified in 40 CFR part 86 for the model year in which the
motor vehicle or motor vehicle engine is modified is applicable where
useful life is not designated in this subpart.
(2)(i) The provisions of paragraph (c)(1) of this section
notwithstanding, nonconforming light-duty vehicles and light light-duty
trucks (LDV/LLDTs) modified in model years 2004, 2005 or 2006 must meet
the FTP exhaust emission standards of bin 9 in Tables S04-1 and S04-2 in
40 CFR 86.1811-04 and the evaporative emission standards for light-duty
vehicles and light light-duty trucks specified in 40 CFR 86.1811-
04(e)(5).
(ii) Nonconforming LDT3s and LDT4s (HLDTs) and medium-duty passenger
vehicles (MDPVs) modified in model years 2004 through 2006 must meet the
FTP exhaust emission standards of bin 10 in Tables S04-1 and S04-2 in 40
CFR 86.1811-04 and the applicable evaporative standards specified in 40
CFR 86.1811-04(e)(5). For 2004 model year HLDTs and MDPVs where
modifications commence on the first vehicle of a test group before
December 21, 2003, this requirement does not apply to the 2004 model
year. ICIs opting to bring all of their 2004 model year HLDTs and MDPVs
into compliance with the exhaust emission standards of bin 10 in Tables
S04-1 and S04-2 in 40 CFR 86.1811-04, may use the optional higher NMOG
values for their 2004-2006 model year LDT2s and 2004-2008 LDT4s.
(iii) Nonconforming LDT3s and LDT4s (HLDTs) and medium-duty
passenger vehicles (MDPVs) modified in model years 2007 and 2008 must
meet the FTP exhaust emission standards of bin 8 in Tables S04-1 and
S04-2 in 40 CFR 86.1811-04 and the applicable evaporative standards
specified in 40 CFR 86.1811-04(e)(5).
(iv) Nonconforming LDV/LLDTs modified in model years 2007 and later
and nonconfoming HLDTs and MDPVs modified in model years 2009 and later
must meet the FTP exhaust emission standards of bin 5 in Tables S04-1
and S04-2 of 40 CFR 86.1811-04, and the evaporative standards specified
in 40 CFR 86.1811(e)(1) through (e)(4).
(v) ICIs are exempt from the Tier 2 and the interim non-Tier 2
phase-in intermediate percentage requirements for exhaust, evaporative
and refueling emissions described in 40 CFR 86.1811-04.
(3)(i) As an option to the requirements of paragraph (c)(2) of this
section, independent commercial importers may elect to meet lower bins
in Tables S04-1 and S04-2 of 40 CFR 86.1811-04 than specified in
paragraph (c)(2) of this section and bank or sell credits as permitted
in 40 CFR 86.1860-04 and 40
[[Page 560]]
CFR 86.1861-04. An ICI may not meet higher bins in Tables S04-1 and S04-
2 of 40 CFR 86.1811-04 than specified in paragraph (c)(2) of this
section unless it demonstrates to the Administrator at the time of
certification that it has obtained appropriate and sufficient
NOX credits from another manufacturer, or has generated them
in a previous model year or in the current model year and not
transferred them to another manufacturer or used them to address other
vehicles as permitted in 40 CFR 86.1860-04 and 40 CFR 86.1861-04.
(ii) Where an ICI desires to obtain a certificate of conformity
using a bin higher than specified in paragraph (c)(2) of this section,
but does not have sufficient credits to cover vehicles produced under
such certificate, the Administrator may issue such certificate if the
ICI has also obtained a certificate of conformity for vehicles certified
using a bin lower than that required under paragraph (c)(2) of this
section. The ICI may then produce vehicles to the higher bin only to the
extent that it has generated sufficient credits from vehicles certified
to the lower bin during the same model year.
(4) [Reserved]
(5) Except for the situation where an ICI desires to bank, sell or
use NOX credits as described in paragraph (c)(3) of this
section, the requirements of 40 CFR 86.1811-04 related to fleet average
NOX standards and requirements to comply with such standards
do not apply to vehicles modified under this subpart.
(6) ICIs using bins higher than those specified in paragraph (c)(2)
of this section must monitor their production so that they do not
produce more vehicles certified to the standards of such bins than their
available credits can cover. ICIs must not have a credit deficit at the
end of a model year and are not permitted to use the deficit
carryforward provisions provided in 40 CFR 86.1860-04(e).
(7) The Administrator may condition the certificates of conformity
issued to ICIs as necessary to ensure that vehicles subject to paragraph
(c) of this section comply with the appropriate average NOX
standard for each model year.
(d) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, ICI's must
not participate in emission-related programs for emissions averaging,
banking and trading, or nonconformance penalties.
Table 1 to Sec. 85.1515--Emission Standards Applicable to Imported Light-Duty Motor Vehicles 1 2 3
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Oxides of Diesel Evaporative Useful
OP Year Hydrocarbon Carbon monoxide nitrogen Particulate hydrocarbon (years/miles) life
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1968-76......................... 1.5 gpm 15 gpm 3.1 gpm ................ 6.0 g/test 5/50,000 .........
1977-79......................... 1.5 gpm 15 gpm 2.0 gpm ................ 6.0 g/test 5/50,000 .........
1980............................ 0.41 gpm 7.0 gpm 2.0 gpm ................ 6.0 g/test 5/50,000 .........
1981............................ 0.41 gpm 3.4 gpm 1.0 gpm ................ 2.0 g/test 5/50,000 .........
1982-86......................... 0.41 gpm 3.4 gpm 1.0 gpm 0.60 gpm 2.0 g/test 5/50,000 .........
1987-93......................... 0.41 gpm 3.4 gpm 1.0 gpm 0.20 gpm 2.0 g/test 5/50,000 .........
1994 and later.................. (\4\) (\4\) (\4\) (\4\) (\4\) (\4\) .........
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1 Diesel particulate standards apply only to diesel fueled light-duty vehicles. Evaporative hydrocarbon standards apply only to non-diesel fueled light-
duty vehicles. For alternative fueled light-duty vehicles, the evaporative hydrocarbon standard is interpreted as organic material hydrocarbon
equivalent grams carbon per test, as applicable.
2 No crankcase emissions shall be discharged into the ambient atmosphere from any non-diesel fueled light-duty vehicle.
3 All light-duty vehicles shall meet the applicable emission standards at both low and high-altitudes according to the procedures specified in 40 CFR
part 86 for current model year motor vehicles at the time of testing.
4 Specified in 40 CFR part 86 for the OP year of the vehicle, per 85.1515(c).
Table 2--Emission Standards Applicable to Imported Light-Duty Trucks \1 2 3 4 5\
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Oxides of Diesel Evaporative Useful
OP year Hydrocarbon Carbon monoxide nitrogen Particulate hydrocarbon (years/miles) life
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1968-78......................... 2.0 gpm 20 gpm 3.1 gpm ................ 6.0 g/test 5/50,000 .........
1979-80......................... 1.7 gpm 18 gpm 2.3 gpm ................ 6.0 g/test 5/50,000 .........
1981............................ 1.7 gpm 18 gpm 2.3 gpm ................ 2.0 g/test 5/50,000 .........
1982-83......................... 1.7 gpm 18 gpm 2.3 gpm 0.60 gpm 2.0 g/test 5/50,000 .........
(2.0) (26) (2.3) (0.60) (2.6)
1984............................ 0.80 gpm 10 gpm 2.3 gpm 0.60 gpm 2.0 g/test 5/50,000 .........
(1.0) (14) (2.3) (0.60) (2.6)
[[Page 561]]
1985-86......................... 0.80 gpm 10 gpm 2.3 gpm 0.60 gpm 2.0 g/test 11/120,000 .........
(1.0) (14) (2.3) (0.60) (2.6)
1987............................ 0.80 gpm 10 gpm 2.3 gpm 0.26 gpm 2.0 g/test 11/120,000 .........
(1.0) (14) (2.3) (0.26) (2.6)
1988-89......................... 0.80 gpm 10 gpm 1.2 gpm\6\ 0.26 gpm\7\ 2.0 g/test 11/120,000 .........
(1.0) (14) (1.2) (2.0) (2.6)
0.80 gpm 10 gpm 1.7 gpm\6\ 0.45 gpm\7\ 2.0 g/test 11/120,000 .........
(1.0) (14) (1.7) (0.26) (2.6)
0.80 gpm 10 gpm 2.3 gpm\6\ 0.45 gpm\7\ 2.0 g/test 11/120,000 .........
(1.0) (14) (2.3) (0.26) (2.6)
1990-93......................... 0.80 gpm 10 gpm 1.2 gpm\8\ 0.26 gpm\7\ 2.0 g/test 11/120,000 .........
(1.0) (14) (1.2) (0.26) (2.6)
0.80 gpm 10 gpm 1.7 gpm\8\ 0.45 gpm\7\ 2.0 g/test 11/120,000 .........
(1.0) (14) (1.7) (0.26) (2.6)
1994 and later.................. (\9\) (\9\) (\9\) (\9\) (\9\) (\9\) .........
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\1\ Diesel particulate standards apply only to diesel fueled light-duty trucks. Evaporative hydrocarbon standards apply only to non-diesel fueled light-
duty trucks. For alternative fueled light-duty trucks, the evaporative hydrocarbon standard is interpreted as organic material hydrocarbon equivalent
grams carbon per test, as applicable.
\2\ No crankcase emissions shall be discharged into the ambient atmosphere from any non-diesel fueled light-duty truck.
\3\ A carbon monoxide standard of 0.50% of exhaust flow at curb idle is applicable to all 1984 and later model year light-duty trucks sold to, or owned
by, an importer for principal use at other than a designated high-altitude location. This requirement is effective for light-duty trucks sold to, or
owned by an importer for principal use at a designated high-altitude location beginning with the 1988 model year.
\4\ All 1982 OP year and later light-duty trucks sold to, or owned by, an importer for principal use at a designated high-altitude location shall meet
high-altitude emission standards according to the requirements specified in 40 CFR part 86 for current model year light-duty trucks at the time of
testing.
\5\ Standards in parentheses apply to motor vehicles sold to, or owned by, an importer for principal use at a designated high-altitude location. These
standards must be met at high-altitude according to the procedures specified in 40 CFR part 86 for current model year motor vehicles at the time of
testing.
\6\ The oxides of nitrogen standard of 1.2 gpm applies to light-duty trucks up to and including 3,750 pounds loaded vehicle weight and 6,000 pounds or
less gross vehicle weight the 1.7 gpm standard applies to light-duty trucks greater than 3,750 pound loaded vehicle weight and 6,000 pounds or less
gross vehicle weight; the 2.3 gpm standard applies to light-duty trucks 6,001 pounds gross vehicle weight and greater.
\7\ The diesel particulate standard of 0.26 gpm applies to light-duty trucks up to and including 3,750 pounds loaded vehicle weight; the 0.45 gpm
standard applies to light-duty trucks 3,751 pounds and greater loaded vehicle weight.
\8\ The oxides of nitrogen standard of 1.2 gpm applies to light-duty trucks up to and including 3,750 pounds loaded vehicle weight; the 1.7 gpm standard
applies to light-duty trucks 3,751 pounds and greater loaded vehicle weight.
\9\ Specified in 40 CFR part 86 for the OP year of the vehicle, per 85.1515(c).
[61 FR 5842, Feb. 14, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 31232, June 6, 1997; 63
FR 964, Jan. 7, 1998; 65 FR 6847, Feb. 10, 2000]