[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 16]
[Revised as of July 1, 2003]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR86.000-28]
[Page 26-29]
TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
PART 86--CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE HIGHWAY VEHICLES AND ENGINES--Table of Contents
Subpart A--General Provisions for Emission Regulations for 1977 and
Sec. 86.000-28 Compliance with emission standards.
Section 86.000-28 includes text that specifies requirements that
differ from Sec. 86.094-28 or Sec. 86.098-28. Where a paragraph in
Sec. 86.094-28 or Sec. 86.098-28 is identical and applicable to
Sec. 86.000-28, this may be indicated by specifying the corresponding
paragraph and the statement ``[Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.094-
28.'' or ``[Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.098-28.''
(a)(1) This paragraph (a) applies to light duty vehicles.
(2) Each exhaust, evaporative and refueling emission standard (and
family particulate emission limits, as appropriate) of Sec. 86.000-8
applies to the emissions of vehicles for the appropriate useful life as
defined in Secs. 86.000-2 and 86.000-8.
(a)(3) [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.094-28.
(a)(4) Introductory text [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.098-
28.
(a)(4)(i) Separate emission deterioration factors for each regulated
exhaust constituent shall be determined from the FTP exhaust emission
results of the durability-data vehicle(s) for each engine-system
combination. Unless the Administrator approves a manufacturer's request
to develop specific deterioration factors for US06 and air conditioning
(SC03) test results, applicable FTP deterioration factors will also be
used to estimate intermediate and full useful life emissions for all
SFTP regulated emission levels. Separate evaporative and/or refueling
emission deterioration factors shall be determined for each evaporative/
refueling emission family-emission control system combination from the
testing conducted by the manufacturer (gasoline-fueled and methanol-
fueled vehicles only). Separate refueling emission deterioration factors
shall be determined for each evaporative/refueling emission family-
emission control system combination from the testing conducted by the
manufacturer (petroleum-fueled diesel cycle vehicles not certified under
the provisions of Sec. 86.098-28(g) only).
(a)(4)(i)(A) through (a)(4)(i)(B)(2)(i) [Reserved]. For guidance see
Sec. 86.094-28.
(a)(4)(i)(B)(2)(ii) These interpolated values shall be carried out
to a minimum of four places to the right of the decimal point before
dividing one by the other to determine the deterioration factor. The
results shall be rounded to three places to the right of the decimal
point in accordance with the Rounding-Off Method specified in ASTM E29-
90, Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications (incorporated by reference;
see Sec. 86.1).
(a)(4)(i)(B)(2)(iii) through (a)(4)(i)(B)(2)(iv) [Reserved]. For
guidance see Sec. 86.094-28.
(a)(4)(i)(C) through (a)(4)(i)(D)(2) [Reserved]. For guidance see
Sec. 86.098-28.
(a)(4)(ii)(A)(1) The official exhaust emission test results for each
applicable exhaust emission standard for each emission data vehicle at
the selected test point shall be multiplied by the appropriate
deterioration factor: Provided, that if a deterioration factor as
computed in paragraph (a)(4)(i)(B)(2)(ii) of this section is less than
one, that deterioration factor shall be one for the purposes of this
paragraph. For the SFTP composite standard of (NMHC+NOX), the
measured results of
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NMHC and NOX must each be multiplied by their corresponding
deterioration factors before the composite (NMHC+NOX)
standard is calculated.
(2) The calculation specified in paragraph (a)(4)(ii)(A)(1) of this
section may be modified with advance approval of the Administrator for
engine-system combinations which are certified under the Alternative
Service Accumulation Durability Program specified in Sec. 86.094-13(e).
(a)(4)(ii)(B) through (a)(4)(ii)(C) [Reserved]. For guidance see
Sec. 86.098-28.
(a)(4)(iii) The emissions to compare with the standard (or the
family particulate emission limit, as appropriate) shall be the adjusted
emissions of Sec. 86.098-28 (a)(4)(ii)(B) and (C) and paragraph
(a)(4)(ii)(A) of this section 211a for each emission-data vehicle. For
the SFTP composite (NMHC+NOX) results, the individual
deterioration factors must be applied to the applicable NMHC and
NOX test results prior to calculating the adjusted composite
(NMHC+NOX) level that is compared with the standard. The
additional composite calculations that are required by the SFTP are
discussed in Sec. 86.164-00 (Supplemental federal test procedure
calculations). Before any emission value is compared with the standard
(or the family particulate emission limit, as appropriate), it shall be
rounded to two significant figures in accordance with the Rounding-Off
Method specified in ASTM E29-90, Standard Practice for Using Significant
Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
(incorporated by reference; see Sec. 86.1). The rounded emission values
may not exceed the standard (or the family particulate emission limit,
as appropriate).
(a)(4)(iv) [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.094-28.
(a)(4)(v) [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.098-28.
(a)(5) through (a)(6) [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.094-28.
(a)(7) introductory text [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.098-
28.
(a)(7)(i) Separate deterioration factors shall be determined from
the exhaust emission results of the durability data vehicles for each
emission standard applicable under Sec. 86.000-8, for each engine family
group. Unless the Administrator approves a manufacturer's request to
develop specific deterioration factors for US06 and air conditioning
(SC03) test results, applicable deterioration factors determined from
FTP exhaust emission results will also be used to estimate intermediate
and full useful life emissions for all SFTP regulated emission levels.
The evaporative and/or refueling emission deterioration factors for each
evaporative/refueling family will be determined and applied in
accordance with Sec. 86.098-28 (a)(4) introductory text, (a)(4)(i)(C)
and (D), (a)(4)(ii)(B) and (C), and (a)(4)(v) and Sec. 86.094-28
(a)(4)(i)(A) through (a)(4)(i)(B)(2)(i), (a)(4)(i)(B)(2)(iii) and (iv),
and (a)(4)(iv) and paragraphs (a)(4) (i) introductory,
(a)(4)(i)(B)(2)(ii), (a)(4)(ii)(A), and (a)(4)(iii) of this section.
(a)(7)(ii) through (b)(4)(i) [Reserved]. For guidance see
Sec. 86.094-28.
(b)(4)(ii) Separate exhaust emission deterioration factors for each
regulated exhaust constituent, determined from tests of vehicles,
engines, subsystems, or components conducted by the manufacturer, shall
be supplied for each standard and for each engine-system combination.
Unless the Administrator approves a manufacturer's request to develop
specific deterioration factors for US06 and air conditioning (SC03) test
results, applicable deterioration factors determined from FTP exhaust
emission results will also be used to estimate intermediate and full
useful life emissions for all SFTP regulated emission levels.
(iii) The official exhaust emission results for each applicable
exhaust emission standard for each emission data vehicle at the selected
test point shall be adjusted by multiplication by the appropriate
deterioration factor. However, if the deterioration factor supplied by
the manufacturer is less than one, it shall be one for the purposes of
this paragraph (b)(4)(iii).
(iv) The emissions to compare with the standard(s) (or the family
particulate emission limit, as appropriate) shall be the adjusted
emissions of paragraph (b)(4)(iii) of this section for each emission-
data vehicle. For the SFTP composite (NMHC+NOX) results, the
individual deterioration factors must be applied to the applicable NMHC
and
[[Page 28]]
NOX test results prior to calculating the adjusted composite
(NMHC+NOX) level that is compared with the standard. The
additional composite calculations that are required by the SFTP are
discussed in Sec. 86.164-00 (Supplemental federal test procedure
calculations). Before any emission value is compared with the standard,
it shall be rounded to two significant figures in accordance with the
Rounding-Off Method specified in ASTM E29-90, Standard Practice for
Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with
Specifications (incorporated by reference; see Sec. 86.1).
(5)(i) Paragraphs (b)(5)(i) (A) and (B) of this section apply only
to manufacturers electing to participate in the particulate averaging
program.
(A) If a manufacturer chooses to change the level of any family
particulate emission limit(s), compliance with the new limit(s) must be
based upon existing certification data.
(B) The production-weighted average of the family particulate
emission limits of all applicable engine families, rounded to two
significant figures in accordance with the Rounding-Off Method specified
in ASTM E29-90, Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test
Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications (incorporated by
reference; see Sec. 86.1), must comply with the particulate standards in
Sec. 86.099-9 (a)(1)(iv) or (d)(1)(iv), or the composite particulate
standard as defined in Sec. 86.094-2, as appropriate, at the end of the
product year.
(ii) Paragraphs (b)(5)(ii) (A) and (B) of this section apply only to
manufacturers electing to participate in the NOX averaging
program.
(A) If a manufacturer chooses to change the level of any family
NOX emission limit(s), compliance with the new limit(s) must
be based upon existing certification data.
(B) The production-weighted average of the family FTP NOX
emission limits of all applicable engine families, rounded to two
significant figures in accordance with the Rounding-Off Method specified
in ASTM E29-90, Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test
Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications (incorporated by
reference; see Sec. 86.1), must comply with the NOX standards
of Sec. 86.099-9(a)(1)(iii) (A) or (B), or the composite NOX
standard as defined in Sec. 86.094-2, at the end of the product year.
(b)(6) [Reserved]
(b)(7)(i) through (b)(7)(iii) [Reserved]. For guidance see
Sec. 86.094-28.
(b)(7)(iv) The emission value for each evaporative emission data
vehicle to compare with the standards shall be the adjusted emission
value of Sec. 86.094-28 (b)(7)(iii) rounded to two significant figures
in accordance with the Rounding-Off Method specified in ASTM E29-90,
Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine
Conformance with Specifications (incorporated by reference; see
Sec. 86.1).
(b)(8) through (c)(4)(iii)(B)(3) [Reserved]. For guidance see
Sec. 86.094-28.
(c)(4)(iv) The emission values for each emission data engine to
compare with the standards (or family emission limits, as appropriate)
shall be the adjusted emission values of Sec. 86.094-28 (c)(4)(iii),
rounded to the same number of significant figures as contained in the
applicable standard in accordance with the Rounding-Off Method specified
in ASTM E29-90, Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test
Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications (incorporated by
reference; see Sec. 86.1).
(c)(5) through (d)(4) [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.094-28.
(d)(5) The emission level to compare with the standard shall be the
adjusted emission level of Sec. 86.094-28 (d)(4). Before any emission
value is compared with the standard it shall be rounded to two
significant figures, in accordance with the Rounding-Off Method
specified in ASTM E29-90, Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits
in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications (incorporated
by reference; see Sec. 86.1). The rounded emission values may not exceed
the standard.
(6) Every test vehicle of an evaporative emission family must comply
with the evaporative emission standard, as determined in paragraph
(d)(5) of this section, before any vehicle in that family may be
certified.
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(e) through (h) [Reserved]. For guidance see Sec. 86.098-28.
[61 FR 54884, Oct. 22, 1996]