[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 17]
[Revised as of July 1, 2003]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR86.608-90]
[Page 20-24]
TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
PART 86--CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NEW AND IN-USE HIGHWAY VEHICLES AND
ENGINES (CONTINUED)--Table of Contents
Subpart G--Selective Enforcement Auditing of New Light-Duty Vehicles
Sec. 86.608-90 Test procedures.
(a) The prescribed test procedures are contained in subpart B and/or
subpart C of this part 86. For purposes of Selective Enforcement Audit
testing, the manufacturer shall not perform any of the test procedures
in subpart B of this part relating to evaporative emission testing,
except as specified in paragraph (a)(2) of this section.
(1) The Administrator may, on the basis of a written application by
a manufacturer, prescribe test procedures other than those in subpart B
and/or subpart C of this part for any motor vehicle which he determines
is not susceptible to satisfactory testing using the procedures in
subpart B and/
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or subpart C of this part. The Administrator may, based on advance
application by a manufacturer, approve optional test procedures for use
in Selective Enforcement Audit testing.
(2) The following exceptions to the test procedures in subpart B of
this part are applicable to Selective Enforcement Audit testing:
(i) For mileage accumulation, the manufacturer may use test fuel
meeting the specifications of mileage and service accumulation fuels of
Sec. 86.113. Otherwise, the manufacturer may use fuels other than those
specified in this section only with the advance approval of the
Administrator.
(ii) The manufacturer may measure the temperature of the test fuel
at other than the approximate mid-volume of the fuel tank, as specified
in Sec. 86.131-96(a) with only a single temperature sensor, and may
drain the test fuel from other than the lowest point of the tank, as
specified in Sec. 86.131-96(b), provided an equivalent method is used.
Equivalency documentation shall be maintained by the manufacturers and
shall be made available to the Administrator upon request. Additionally,
for any test vehicle that has remained under laboratory ambient
temperature conditions for at least 6 hours prior to testing, the
vehicle soak described in Sec. 86.132-96(c) may be eliminated upon
approval of the Administrator. In such cases, the vehicle shall be
operated through the preconditioning drive described in Sec. 86.132-
96(c) immediately following the fuel drain and fill procedure described
in Sec. 86.132-96(b).
(iii) The manufacturer may perform additional preconditioning on SEA
test vehicles other than the preconditioning specified in Sec. 86.132
only if the additional preconditioning had been performed on
certification test vehicles of the same configuration.
(iv) If the Administrator elects to use the evaporative canister
preconditioning procedure described in Sec. 86.132-96(k), the
manufacturer shall perform the heat build procedure 11 to 34 hours
following vehicle preconditioning rather than according to the time
period specified in Sec. 86.133-90(a). All references in Sec. 86.133-90
to an evaporative emission enclosure (SHED) and analyzing for HC during
the heat build can be ignored.
(v) The manufacturer may substitute slave tires for the drive wheel
tires on the vehicle as specified in paragraph Sec. 86.135-90(e):
Provided, that the slave tires are the same size.
(vi) If the Administrator elects to use the evaporative canister
preconditioning procedure described in Sec. 86.132-96(k), the cold start
exhaust emission test described in Sec. 86.137 shall follow the heat
build procedure described in Sec. 86.133-90 by not more than one hour.
(vii) In performing exhaust sample analysis under Sec. 86.140.
(A) When testing diesel vehicles, or methanol-fueled Otto-cycle
vehicles, the manufacturer shall allow a minimum of 20 minutes warm-up
for the HC analyzer, and for diesel vehicles, a minimum of two hours
warm-up for the CO, CO2, and NOX analyzers. (Power
is normally left on infrared and chemiluminescent analyzers. When not in
use, the chopper motors of the infrared analyzers are turned off and the
phototube high voltage supply to the chemiluminescent analyzers is
placed in the standby position.)
(B) The manufacturer shall exercise care to prevent moisture from
condensing in the sample collection bags.
(viii) The manufacturer need not comply with Sec. 86.142, since the
records required therein are provided under other provisions of subpart
G of this part.
(ix) In addition to the requirements of subpart B of this part, the
manufacturer shall prepare gasoline-fueled and methanol-fueled vehicles
as follows prior to exhaust emissions testing:
(A) The manufacturer shall inspect the fuel system to insure the
absence of any leaks of liquid or vapor to the atmosphere by applying a
pressure of 14.50.5 inches of water to the fuel system,
allowing the pressure to stabilize, and isolating the fuel system from
the pressure source, pressure must not drop more than 2.0 inches of
water in 5 minutes. If required, the manufacturer shall perform
corrective action in accordance with Sec. 86.608 and report this action
in accordance with Sec. 86.609.
(B) When performing this pressure check, the manufacturer shall
exercise
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care to neither purge nor load the evaporative emission control system.
(C) The manufacturer shall not modify the test vehicle's evaporative
emission control system by component addition, deletion, or
substitution, except to comply with paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section
if approved in advance by the Administrator.
(3) The following exceptions to the test procedures in subpart C of
this part are applicable to Selective Enforcement Audit testing:
(i) The manufacturer may measure the temperature of the test fuel at
other than the approximate mid-volume of the fuel tank, as specified in
Sec. 86.231(a), and may drain the test fuel from other than the lowest
point of the fuel tank as specified in Sec. 86.231(b), provided an
equivalent method is used. Equivalency documentation shall be maintained
by the manufacturer and shall be made available to the Administrator
upon request.
(ii) In performing exhaust sample analysis under Sec. 86.240, the
manufacturer shall exercise care to prevent moisture from condensing in
the sample collection bags.
(iii) The manufacturer need not comply with Sec. 86.242 since the
records required therein are provided under other provisions of subpart
G of this part.
(iv) In addition to the requirements of subpart C of this part, the
manufacturer shall prepare gasoline-fueled vehicles as follows prior to
exhaust emission testing:
(A) The manufacturer shall inspect the fuel system to ensure the
absence of any leaks of liquid or vapor to the atmosphere by applying a
pressure of 14.50.5 inches of water (3.60.1 kPa)
to the fuel system allowing the pressure to stabilize and isolating the
fuel system from the pressure source. Following isolation of the fuel
system, pressure must not drop more than 2.0 inches of water (0.5 kPa)
in five minutes. If required, the manufacturer shall perform corrective
action in accordance with paragraph Sec. 86.608(d) and report this
action in accordance with paragraph Sec. 86.609(d).
(B) When performing this pressure check, the manufacturer shall
exercise care to neither purge nor load the evaporative emission control
system.
(C) The manufacturer shall not modify the test vehicle's evaporative
emission control system by component addition, deletion, or
substitution, except if approved in advance by the Administrator, to
comply with paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section.
(b)(1) The manufacturer shall not adjust, repair, prepare, or modify
the vehicles selected for testing and shall not perform any emission
tests on vehicles selected for testing pursuant to the test order unless
this adjustment, repair, preparation, modification, and/or tests are
documented in the manufacturer's vehicle assembly and inspection
procedures and are actually performed or unless these adjustments and/or
tests are required or permitted under this subpart or are approved in
advance by the Administrator.
(2) For 1981 and later model years the Administrator may adjust or
cause to be adjusted any engine or vehicle parameter which the
Administrator has determined to be subject to adjustment for new vehicle
compliance testing (e.g., for certification or Selective Enforcement
Audit testing) in accordance with Sec. 86.081-22(c)(1), to any setting
within the physically adjustable range of that parameter, as determined
by the Administrator in accordance with Sec. 86.081-22(e)(3)(ii), prior
to the performance of any tests. However, if the idle speed parameter is
one which the Administrator has determined to be subject to adjustment,
the Administrator shall not adjust it to a setting which causes a lower
engine idle speed than will be possible within the physically adjustable
range of the idle speed parameter on the vehicle when it has accumulated
4,000 miles, all other parameters being adjusted identically for the
purpose of comparison. The Administrator, in making or specifying such
adjustments, will consider the effect of the deviation from the
manufacturer's recommended setting on emissions performance
characteristics as well as the likelihood that similar settings will
occur on in-use light-duty vehicles or light-duty trucks. In determining
likelihood, the Administrator will consider factors such as, but not
limited to, the
[[Page 23]]
effect of the adjustment on vehicle performance characteristics and
surveillance information from similar in-use vehicles.
(c) Prior to performing exhaust emission testing on an SEA test
vehicle, the manufacturer may accumulate on each vehicle a number of
miles equal to the greater of 4,000 miles, or the number of miles the
manufacturer accumulated during certification on the emission-data
vehicle corresponding to the configuration specified in the test order.
(1) Mileage accumulation must be performed in any manner using good
engineering judgement to obtain emission results representative of
normal production vehicles. This mileage accumulation must be consistent
with the new vehicle break-in instructions contained in the applicable
vehicle owner's manual, if any.
(2) The manufacturer shall accumulate mileage at a minimum rate of
300 miles per vehicle during each 24 hour period, unless otherwise
provided by the Administrator.
(i) The first 24 hour period for mileage accumulation shall begin as
soon as authorized vehicle checks, inspections and preparations are
completed on each vehicle.
(ii) The minimum mileage accumulation rate does not apply on
weekends or holidays.
(iii) If the manufacturer's mileage accumulation target is less than
the minimum rate specified (300 miles per day), then the minimum daily
accumulation rate shall be equal to the manufacturer's mileage
accumulation target.
(3) Mileage accumulation shall be completed on a sufficient number
of test vehicles during consecutive 24 hour periods to assure that the
number of vehicles tested per day fulfills the requirements of paragraph
(g) of this section.
(d) The manufacturer shall not perform any maintenance on test
vehicles after selection for testing nor shall the Administrator allow
deletion of any test vehicle from the test sequence, unless requested by
the manufacturer and approved by the Administrator before any test
vehicle maintenance or deletion.
(e) The manufacturer will be allowed 24 hours to ship test vehicles
from the assembly plant or storage facility to the test facility if the
test facility is not located at the plant or storage facility or in
close proximity to the plant or storage facility: Except, That the
Administrator may approve more time based upon a request by the
manufacturer accompanied by a satisfactory justification.
(f) If a vehicle cannot complete the mileage accumulation or
emission tests because of vehicle malfunction, the manufacturer may
request the Administrator to authorize the repair of that vehicle or its
deletion from the test sequence.
(g) Whenever the manufacturer conducts testing pursuant to a test
order issued under this subpart, the manufacturer shall notify the
Administrator within one working day of receipt of the test order, which
test facility will be used to comply with the test cells at that
facility. If no test cells are available at the desired facility, the
manufacturer must provide alternate testing capability satisfactory to
the Administrator. The manufacturer shall complete emission testing on a
minimum of four vehicles per 24 hour period including voided tests for
each available test cell at his testing facility: Except, That the
Administrator may approve a longer period based upon a request by the
manufacturer accompanied by satisfactory justification.
(h) The manufacturer shall perform test vehicle selection,
preparation, mileage accumulation, shipping, and testing in such a
manner as to assure that the audit is performed in an expeditious
manner.
(i) The manufacturer may retest any test vehicle after a fail
decision has been reached in accordance with paragraph (d) of
Sec. 86.610 based on the first test on each vehicle; except, that the
Administrator may approve retesting at other times during the audit
based upon a request by the manufacturer accompanied by a satisfactory
justification. The manufacturer may test each vehicle the same number of
times. The manufacturer may accumulate additional mileage on test
vehicles before
[[Page 24]]
conducting retests, subject to the provisions of paragraph (c) of this
section.
[54 FR 14557, Apr. 11, 1989, as amended at 57 FR 31921, July 17, 1992;
58 FR 16045, Mar. 24, 1993; 60 FR 43898, Aug. 23, 1995]