[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 18]
[Revised as of July 1, 2003]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR88.104-94]
[Page 14-17]
TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
PART 88--CLEAN-FUEL VEHICLES--Table of Contents
Subpart A--Emission Standards for Clean-Fuel Vehicles
Sec. 88.104-94 Clean-fuel vehicle tailpipe emission standards for light-duty
vehicles and light-duty trucks.
(a) A light-duty vehicle or light-duty truck will be considered as a
TLEV, LEV, ULEV, or ZEV if it meets the applicable requirements of this
section.
(b) Light-duty vehicles certified to the exhaust emission standards
for TLEVs, LEVs, and ULEVs in Tables A104-1 and A104-2 shall be
considered as meeting the requirements of this section for that
particular vehicle emission category for model years 1994-2000 for the
California Pilot Program.
(c) Light-duty vehicles certified to the exhaust emission standards
for LEVs and ULEVs in Tables A104-1 and A104-2 shall be considered as
meeting the requirements of this section for that particular vehicle
emission category for model years 2001 and later for the California
Pilot Program, and for model years 1998 and later for the Clean Fuel
Fleet Program.
(d) Light light-duty trucks certified to the exhaust emission
standards for a specific weight category for TLEVs, LEVs, and ULEVs in
Tables A104-3 and A104-4 shall be considered as meeting the requirements
of this section for that particular vehicle emission category. For model
years 1994-2000 for the California Pilot Program.
(e) Light Light-duty trucks certified to the exhaust emission
standards for a specific weight category for LEVs and ULEVs in Tables
A104-3 and A104-4 shall be considered as meeting the requirements of
this section for that particular vehicle emission category. For model
years 2001 and later for the California Pilot Program, and for model
years 1998 and later for the Clean Fuel Fleet Program.
(f) Heavy light-duty trucks certified to the exhaust emission
standards for a specific weight category of LEVs and ULEVs in Tables
A104-5 and A104-6 for model years 1998 and later shall be considered as
meeting the requirements of this section for that particular vehicle
emission category.
(g) A light-duty vehicle or light-duty truck shall be certified as a
ZEV if it is determined by engineering analysis that the vehicle
satisfies the following conditions:
(1) The vehicle fuel system(s) must not contain either carbon or
nitrogen compounds (including air) which, when burned, form any of the
pollutants listed in Table A104-1 as exhaust emissions.
(2) All primary and auxiliary equipment and engines must have no
emissions of any of the pollutants listed in Table A104-1.
(3) The vehicle fuel system(s) and any auxiliary engine(s) must have
no evaporative emissions in use.
(4) Any auxiliary heater must not operate at ambient temperatures
above 40 degrees Fahrenheit.
(h) NMOG standards for flexible- and dual-fueled vehicles when
operating on clean alternative fuel--(1) Light-duty vehicles, and light
light-duty trucks. Flexible- and dual-fueled LDVs and light LDTs of 1996
model year and later shall meet all standards in Table A104-7 for
vehicles of the applicable model year, loaded vehicle weight, and
vehicle emission category.
(2) Light-duty trucks above 6,000 lbs GVWR. Flexible- and dual-
fueled LDTs above 6,000 lbs. GVWR of 1998 model year and later shall
meet all standards in Table A104-8 for vehicles of the applicable test
weight and vehicle emission category.
[[Page 15]]
(i) NMOG standards for flexible- and dual-fueled vehicles when
operating on conventional fuel--(1) Light-duty vehicles, and light
light-duty trucks. Flexible- and dual-fueled LDVs and light LDTs of 1996
model year and later shall meet all standards in Table A104-9 for
vehicles of the applicable model year, loaded vehicle weight, and
vehicle emission category.
(2) Light-duty trucks above 6,000 lbs GVWR. Flexible- and dual-
fueled LDTs of 1998 model year and later shall meet all standards in
Table A104-10 for vehicles of the applicable test weight and vehicle
emission category.
(j) Other standards for flexible- and dual-fueled vehicles. When
operating on clean alternative fuel, flexible- and dual- fueled light-
duty vehicles and light light-duty trucks must also meet the appropriate
standards for carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, formaldehyde, and
particulate matter as designated in paragraphs (a) through (f) of this
section as well as all other applicable standards and requirements. When
operating on conventional fuel, flexible- and dual-fueled vehicles must
also meet all other applicable standards and requirements in 40 CFR part
86.
(k) Motor vehicles subject to standards and requirements of this
section shall also comply with all applicable standards and requirements
of 40 CFR part 86, except that any exhaust emission standards in 40 CFR
part 86 pertaining to pollutants for which standards are established in
this section shall not apply. For converted vehicles, the applicable
standards and requirements of 40 CFR part 86 and this part 88 shall
apply based on the model year in which the conversion is performed,
regardless of the model year in which the base vehicle was originally
manufactured prior to conversion.
(1) Gaseous-fueled, diesel-fueled, and electric clean-fuel vehicles
are waived from cold CO test requirements of subpart C of this part if
compliance is demonstrated by engineering analysis or test data.
(2) The standards in this section shall be administered and enforced
in accordance with the California Regulatory Requirements Applicable to
the Clean Fuel Fleet and California Pilot Programs, April 1, 1994, which
are incorporated by reference.
(i) This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of
the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part
51.
(ii) Copies may be inspected at U.S. EPA, OAR, 401 M St., SW.,
Washington, DC 20460, or at the Office of the Federal Register, 800
North Capitol Street, NW., suite 700, Washington, DC. Copies of these
materials may be obtained from Barclay's Law Publishers, 400 Oyster
Point Boulevard, P.O. Box 3066, South San Francisco, CA 94080, phone
(415) 244-6611.
Tables to Sec. 88.104-94
Table A104-1--Intermediate Useful Life Standards (g/mi) for Light-Duty Vehicles for HCs, CO, NOX, HCHO, and PM
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vehicle emission category NMOG CO NOX HCHO PM 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TLEV.............................. 0.125 3.4 0.4 0.015 ...........
LEV............................... \2\ .075 \2\ 3.4 .2 \2\ .015 ...........
ULEV.............................. .040 1.7 \2\ .2 .008 ...........
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Applies to diesel vehicles only.
\2\ Applies to ILEVs.
Table A104-2--Full Useful Life Standards (g/mi) for Light-Duty Vehicles for HCs, CO, NOX, HCHO, and PM
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vehicle emission category NMOG CO NOX HCHO PM 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TLEV.............................. 0.156 4.2 0.6 0.018 0.08
LEV............................... \2\ 0.090 \2\ 4.2 .3 \2\ .018 \2\ .08
ULEV.............................. .055 2.1 \2\ .3 .011 .04
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Applies to diesel vehicles only.
\2\ Applies to ILEVs.
[[Page 16]]
Table A104-3--Intermediate Useful Life Standards (g/mi) for Light Light-Duty Trucks for HCs, CO, NOX, HCHO, and
PM
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vehicle emission
LVW (lbs) category NMOG CO NOX HCHO PM 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0-3750................. TLEV.................. .125 3.4 .4 .015 ...........
LEV................... \2\ .075 \2\ 3.4 .2 \2\ .015 ...........
ULEV.................. .040 1.7 \2\ .2 .008 ...........
3751-5750.............. TLEV.................. 0.160 4.4 .7 .018 ...........
LEV................... \2\ .100 \2\ 4.4 .4 \2\ .018 ...........
ULEV.................. .050 2.2 \2\ .4 .009 ...........
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Applies to diesel vehicles only.
\2\ Applies to ILEVs.
Table A104-4--Full Useful Life Standards (g/mi) for Light Light-Duty Trucks for HCs, CO, NOX, HCHO, and PM
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vehicle emission
LVW (lbs) category NMOG CO NOX HCHO PM\1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0-3750................. TLEV.................. 0.156 4.2 0.6 0.018 0.08
LEV................... \2\ 0.090 \2\ 4.2 0.3 \2\.018 \2\.08
ULEV.................. .055 2.1 \2\.3 .011 .04
3751-5750.............. TLEV.................. .200 5.5 .9 .023 .08
LEV................... \2\.130 \2\5.5 .5 \2\.023 \2\.08
ULEV.................. .070 2.8 \2\.5 .013 .04
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Applies to diesel vehicles only.
\2\ Applies to ILEVs.
Table A104-5--Intermediate Useful Life Standards (g/mi) for Heavy Light-Duty Trucks for HCs, CO, NOX, HCHO, and
PM
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vehicle emission
ALVW (lbs) category NMOG CO NOX\2\ HCHO PM\1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0-3750................. LEV................... \3\ 0.125 \3\ 3.4 0.4 \3\ 0.015
ULEV.................. .075 1.7 \3\.2 .008
3751-5750.............. LEV................... \3\.160 \3\ 4.4 .7 \3\.018
ULEV.................. .100 2.2 \3\.4 .009
5751-.................. LEV................... \3\.195 \3\ 5.0 1.1 \3\.022
ULEV.................. .117 2.5 \3\.6 .011
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Applies to diesel vehicles only.
\2\ Does not apply to diesel vehicles.
\3\ Applies to ILEVs.
Table A104-6--Full Useful Life Standards (g/mi) for Heavy Light-Duty Trucks for HCs, CO, NOX, HCHO, and PM
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vehicle emission
ALVW (lbs) category NMOG CO NOX HCHO PM\1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0-3750................. LEV................... \2\ 0.180 \2\ 5.0 0.6 \2\ 0.022 \2\ 0.08
ULEV.................. .107 2.5 \2\.3 .012 .04
3751-5750.............. LEV................... \2\.230 \2\ 6.4 1.0 \2\.027 \2\.10
ULEV.................. .143 3.2 \2\.5 .013 .05
5751-.................. LEV................... \2\.280 \2\ 7.3 1.5 \2\.032 \2\.12
ULEV.................. .167 3.7 \2\.8 .016 .06
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Applies to diesel vehicles only.
\2\ Applies to ILEVs.
Table A104-7--NMOG Standards (g/mi) for Flexible- and Dual-Fueled
Vehicles When Operating on Clean Alternative Fuel for Light Light-Duty
Trucks and Light-Duty Vehicles
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50,000 mile 100,000
Vehicle type NMOG mile NMOG
standard standard
------------------------------------------------------------------------
MY 1996 and later:
LDTs (0-3,750 lbs. LVW) and LDVs.......... 0.125 0.156
LDTs (3,751-5,750 lbs. LVW)............... .160 .200
Beginning MY 2001:
LDTs (0-3,750 lbs. LVW) and LDVs.......... .075 .090
LDTs (3,751-5,750 lbs. LVW)............... .100 .130
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 17]]
Table A104-8--NMOG Standards (g/mi) for Flexible- and Dual-Fueled
Vehicles When Operating on Clean Alternative Fuel for Heavy Light-Duty
Trucks
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50,000 mile 120,000
Vehicle type NMOG mile NMOG
standard standard
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Beginning MY 1998:
LDTs (0-3,750 lbs. ALVW).................. 0.125 0.180
LDTs (3,751-5,750 lbs. ALVW).............. .160 .230
LDTs (5,751-8,500 lbs. ALVW).............. .195 .280
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table A104-9--NMOG Standards (g/mi) for Flexible- and Dual-Fueled
Vehicles When Operating on Conventional Fuel for Light Light-Duty Trucks
and Light-Duty Vehicles
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50,000 mile 100,000
Vehicle type NMOG mile NMOG
standard standard
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Beginning MY 1996:
LDTs (0-3,750 lbs. LVW) and LDVs.......... 0.25 0.31
LDTs (3,751-5,750 lbs. LVW)............... .32 .40
Beginning MY 2001:
LDTs (0-3,750 lbs. LVW) and LDVs.......... .125 .156
LDTs (3,751-5,750 lbs. LVW)............... .160 .200
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table A104-10--NMOG Standards (g/mi) for Flexible- and Dual-Fueled
Vehicles When Operating on Conventional Fuel for Light Light-Duty Trucks
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50,000 mile 120,000
Vehicle type NMOG mile NMOG
standard standard
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Beginning MY 1998:
LDTs (0-3,750 lbs. ALVW).................. 0.25 0.36
LDTs (3,751-5,750 lbs. ALVW).............. .32 .46
LDTs (5,751-8,500 lbs. ALVW).............. .39 .56
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[59 FR 50074, Sept. 30, 1994, as amended at 61 FR 127, Jan. 3, 1996]