[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 18]
[Revised as of July 1, 2003]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR90.103]
[Page 173-176]
TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
PART 90--CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM NONROAD SPARK-IGNITION ENGINES AT OR
BELOW 19 KILOWATTS--Table of Contents
Subpart B--Emission Standards and Certification Provisions
Sec. 90.103 Exhaust emission standards.
(a) Exhaust emissions for new Phase 1 and Phase 2 nonroad spark
ignition engines at or below 19 kilowatts (kW), shall not exceed the
following levels. Throughout this part, NMHC+NOX standards
are applicable only to natural gas fueled engines at the option of the
manufacturer, in lieu of HC+NOX standards.
[[Page 174]]
Table 1--Phase 1 Exhaust Emission Standards
[Grams per kilowatt-hour]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hydrocarbons+oxides
Engine displacement class of nitrogen Hydrocarbons Carbon monoxide Oxides of
(HC+NOX) nitrogen (NOX)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I....................................... 16.1 ............... 519 ...............
II...................................... 13.4 ............... 519 ...............
III..................................... ................... 295 805 5.36
IV...................................... ................... 241 805 5.36
V....................................... ................... 161 603 5.36
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Table 2--Phase 2 Class I-A, Class I-B, and Class I Engine Exhaust Emission Standards
[grams per kilowatt-hour]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Engine class HC+NOX NMHC+NOX CO Effective date
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I............................... 16.1 14.8 610 August 1, 2007; in addition,
any Class I engine family
initially produced on or
after August 1, 2003 must
meet the Phase 2 Class I
standards before they may be
introduced into commerce.
I-A............................. 50 610 2001 Model Year.
I-B............................. 40 37 610 2001 Model Year.
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Table 3--Phase 2 Class II Engine Exhaust Emission Standards by Model Year
]grams per kilowatt-hour]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Model Year
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2005 and
Engine Class Emission requirement 2001 2002 2003 2004 later
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
II............................................ HC +NOX 18.0 16.6 15.0 13.6 12.1
NMHC+NOX 16.7 15.3 14.0 12.7 11.3
CO 610 610 610 610 610
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLE 4--Phase 2 Handheld Exhaust Emission Standards by Model Year
[grams per kilowatt-hour]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Model year
-----------------------------------------------------
Engine class Emission requirement 2007
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 and
later
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Class III.......................... HC+NOX............... 238 175 113 50 50 50
CO................... 805 805 805 805 805 805
Class IV........................... HC+NOX............... 196 148 99 50 50 50
CO................... 805 805 805 805 805 805
Class V............................ HC+NOX............... 143 119 96 72
CO................... 603 603 603 603
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Each engine displacement class has a unique set of exhaust
emission standards. Boundaries for each class are indicated in
Sec. 90.116(b).
(2) Emission standards for classes III, IV, V may be used only if an
engine meets at least one of the following requirements:
(i) The engine must be used in a piece of equipment that is carried
by the operator throughout the performance of its intended function(s);
(ii) The engine must be used in a piece of equipment that must
operate multipositionally, such as upside down or sideways, to complete
its intended function(s);
(iii) The engine must be used in a piece of equipment for which the
combined engine and equipment dry weight is under 14 kilograms, no more
than two wheels are present on the equipment, and at least one of the
following attributes is also present:
(A) The operator must alternately provide support or carry the
equipment throughout the performance of its intended function(s); (B)
The operator
[[Page 175]]
must provide support or attitudinal control for the equipment throughout
the performance of its intended function(s); and
(C) The engine must be used in a generator or pump;
(iv) The engine must be used to power one-person augers, with a
combined engine and equipment dry weight under 20 kilograms;
(v) The engine must be used in a recreational application, with a
combined total vehicle dry weight under 20 kilograms;
(vi) Where a piece of equipment otherwise meeting the requirements
of paragraph (a)(2)(iii) or (a)(2)(iv) of this section exceeds the
applicable weight limit, emission standards for class III, IV or V, as
applicable, may still apply if the equipment exceeds the weight limit by
no more than the extent necessary to allow for the incremental weight of
a four stroke engine or the incremental weight of a two stroke engine
having enhanced emission control acceptable to the Administrator. Any
manufacturer utilizing this provision to exceed the subject weight
limitations shall maintain and make available to the Administrator upon
request, documentation to substantiate that the exceedance of either
weight limitation is a direct result of application of a four stroke or
enhanced two stroke engine having the same, less or very similar power
to two stroke engines that could otherwise be used to power the
equipment and remain within the weight limitations.
(3) Notwithstanding paragraph (a)(2) of this section, two stroke
engines used to power lawnmowers or other nonhandheld equipment may meet
Phase 1 Class III, IV or V standards and requirements, as appropriate,
through model year 2002 subject to the provisions of Sec. 90.107(e), (f)
and (h). Such engines shall not be included in any computations of Phase
2 averaging, banking, or trading credits or eligible production.
(4) Notwithstanding paragraph (a)(2) of this section, two-stroke
engines used to power snowthrowers may meet class III, IV, or V
standards.
(5) Notwithstanding paragraph (a)(2) of this section, engines used
exclusively to power products which are used exclusively in wintertime,
such as snowthrowers and ice augers, at the option of the engine
manufacturer, need not certify to or comply with standards regulating
emissions of HC, NOX, HC+NOX or
NMHC+NOX, as applicable. If the manufacturer exercises the
option to certify to standards regulating such emissions, such engines
must meet such standards. If the engine is to be used in any equipment
or vehicle other than an exclusively wintertime product such as a
snowthrower or ice auger, it must be certified to the applicable
standard regulating emissions of HC, NOX, HC+NOX
or NMHC+NOX as applicable.
(6) In lieu of certifying to the applicable Phase 2 standards, small
volume engine manufacturers as defined in this part may, at their
option, certify their engine families as Phase 1 engines until the 2010
model year for nonhandheld engine families excluding Class I-A and Class
I-B engine families, until the 2008 model year for Class III and Class
IV engine families, and until the 2010 model year for Class V engine
families. Such engines shall not exceed the applicable Phase 1 standards
and are excluded from the averaging, banking and trading program and any
related credit calculations. Beginning with the 2010 model year for
nonhandheld engine families, the 2008 model year for Class III and Class
IV engine families, and the 2010 model year for Class V engine families,
these engines must meet the applicable Phase 2 standards.
(7) In lieu of certifying to the applicable Phase 2 standards,
manufacturers of small volume engine families, as defined in this part
may, at their option, certify their small volume engine families as
Phase 1 engines until the 2010 model year for nonhandheld engine
families excluding Class I-A and Class I-B engine families, until the
2008 model year for Class III and Class IV engine families, and until
the 2010 model year for Class V engine families. Such engines shall not
exceed the applicable Phase 1 standards and are excluded from the
averaging, banking and trading program and any related credit
calculations. Beginning with the 2010 model year for nonhandheld engine
families, the 2008 model year for Class
[[Page 176]]
III and Class IV engine families, and the 2010 model year for Class V
engine families, these engines must meet the applicable Phase 2
standards.
(8) Notwithstanding the standards shown in Table 3 of this section,
the HC+NOX (NMHC+NOX) standard for Phase 2 Class
II side valve engine families with annual production of 1000 or less
shall be 24.0 g/kW-hr (22.0 g/kW-hr) for model years 2010 and later.
Engines produced subject to this provision may not exceed this standard
and are excluded from the averaging, banking and trading program and any
related credit calculations.
(b) Exhaust emissions will be measured using the procedures set
forth in subpart E of this part.
[60 FR 34598, July 3, 1995, as amended at 61 FR 58300, Nov. 13, 1996; 62
FR 42643, Aug. 7, 1997; 64 FR 15236, Mar. 30, 1999; 65 FR 24305, Apr.
25, 2000; 67 FR 68340, Nov. 8, 2002]