[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 18]
[Revised as of July 1, 2003]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR92.123]

[Page 455-456]
 
                   TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
 
         CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
 
PART 92--CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION FROM LOCOMOTIVES AND LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES--
Table of Contents
 
                       Subpart B--Test Procedures
 
Sec. 92.123  Test procedure; general requirements.

    (a) The locomotive/locomotive engine test procedure is designed to 
determine the brake specific emissions of hydrocarbons (HC, total or 
non-methane as applicable), total hydrocarbon equivalent (THCE) and 
aldehydes (as applicable), carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen 
(NOX), and particulates, and the opacity of smoke emissions. 
The test procedure consists of measurements of brake specific emissions 
and smoke opacity at each throttle position and of measurements of smoke 
opacity during each change in throttle position as engine power is 
increased. If less than 2 percent of the total exhaust flow is removed 
for gaseous and particulate sampling in notches 1 through 8, and if less 
than 4 percent of the total exhaust flow is removed for gaseous and 
particulate sampling at idle and dynamic brake, all measurements of 
gaseous, particulate and smoke emissions may be performed during one 
test sequence. If more than 2 percent, or 4 percent as applicable, of 
the total exhaust is removed for gaseous and particulate sampling, 
measurements of gaseous, and particulate emissions are performed during 
one test sequence, and a second test sequence is performed for the 
measurement of smoke.
    (1) In the raw exhaust sampling procedure, sample is collected 
directly from the exhaust stream during each throttle setting. 
Particulates are collected on filters following dilution with ambient 
air of another raw exhaust sample. The fuel flow rate for each throttle 
setting is measured.
    (2) For locomotives with multiple exhaust stacks, smoke testing is 
only required for one of the exhaust stacks provided the following 
conditions are met:
    (i) The stack that is not tested is not visibly smokier than the 
stack that is tested; and
    (ii) None of the measured opacity values for the stack tested are 
not greater than three-quarters of the level allowed by any of the 
applicable smoke standards.
    (b) The test consists of prescribed sequences of engine operating 
conditions (see Secs. 92.124 and 92.126) to be conducted either on a 
locomotive; or with the engine mounted on an engine dynamometer, or 
attached to a locomotive alternator/generator.
    (1) Locomotive testing. (i) The electrical power output produced by 
the alternator/generator at each throttle setting is recorded as 
measurements of either the wattmeter or the output voltage, phase angle, 
and current flow through the electrical resistance bank.
    (ii) The locomotive fuel supply system shall be disconnected and a 
system capable of measuring the net rate at which fuel is supplied to 
the engine (accounting for fuel recycle) shall be connected.
    (2) Engine testing. (i) When the test is performed using a 
dynamometer, engine torque and rpm shall be recorded during each 
throttle setting.
    (ii) The complete engine shall be tested, with all emission control 
devices, and charge air cooling equipment installed and functioning.
    (iii) On air-cooled engines, the engine cooling fan shall be 
installed.
    (iv) Additional accessories (e.g., air compressors) shall be 
installed or their loading simulated if typical of the in-

[[Page 456]]

use application. In the case of simulated accessory loadings, the 
manufacturer shall make available to the Administrator documentation 
which shows that the simulated loading is representative of in-use 
operation. Power for accessories necessary to operate the engine (such 
as fuel pumps) shall be treated as parasitic losses and would not be 
included in the engine power output for purposes of calculating brake 
specific emissions.
    (v) The engine may be equipped with a production type starter.
    (vi) Means of engine cooling shall be used which will maintain the 
engine operating temperatures (e.g., temperatures of intake air 
downstream of charge air coolers, oil, water, etc.) at approximately the 
same temperature as would occur in a locomotive at each test point under 
the equivalent ambient conditions. In the case of engine intake air 
after compression and cooling in the charge air cooler(s), the 
temperature of the air entering the engine shall be within 5 
 deg.F, at each test point, of the typical temperatures occurring in 
locomotive operations under ambient conditions represented by the test. 
Auxiliary fan(s) may be used to maintain engine cooling during operation 
on the dynamometer. Rust inhibitors and lubrication additives may be 
used, up to the levels recommended by the additive manufacturer. If 
antifreeze is to be used in the locomotive application, antifreeze 
mixtures and other coolants typical of those approved for use in the 
locomotive may be used.
    (vii) The provisions of paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section apply to 
engine testing using a locomotive alternator/generator instead of a 
dynamometer.