[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 18]
[Revised as of July 1, 2003]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR93.109]

[Page 553-557]
 
                   TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
 
         CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
 
PART 93--DETERMINING CONFORMITY OF FEDERAL ACTIONS TO STATE OR FEDERAL 
IMPLEMENTATION PLANS--Table of Contents
 
   Subpart A--Conformity to State or Federal Implementation Plans of 
   Transportation Plans, Programs, and Projects Developed, Funded or 
       Approved Under Title 23 U.S.C. or the Federal Transit Laws
 
Sec. 93.109  Criteria and procedures for determining conformity of 
transportation plans, programs, and projects: General.

    (a) In order for each transportation plan, program, and FHWA/FTA 
project to be found to conform, the MPO and DOT must demonstrate that 
the applicable criteria and procedures in this subpart are satisfied, 
and the MPO and DOT must comply with all applicable conformity 
requirements of implementation plans and of court orders for the area 
which pertain specifically to conformity. The criteria for making 
conformity determinations differ based on the action under review 
(transportation plans, TIPs, and FHWA/FTA projects), the relevant 
pollutant(s), and the status of the implementation plan.
    (b) Table 1 in this paragraph indicates the criteria and procedures 
in Secs. 93.110 through 93.119 which apply for transportation plans, 
TIPs, and FHWA/FTA projects. Paragraphs (c) through (f) of this section 
explain when the budget, emission reduction, and hot spot tests are 
required for each pollutant. Paragraph (g) of this section addresses 
isolated rural nonattainment and maintenance areas. Table 1 follows:

[[Page 554]]



                      Table 1--Conformity Criteria
------------------------------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------------------------------
All Actions at all times:
  Sec.  93.110                           Latest planning assumptions
  Sec.  93.111                           Latest emissions model
  Sec.  93.112                           Consultation
Transportation Plan:
  Sec.  93.113(b)                        TCMs
  Sec.  93.118 or Sec.  93.119           Emissions budget or Emission
                                          reduction
TIP:
  Sec.  93.113(c)                        TCMs
  Sec.  93.118 or Sec.  93.119           Emissions budget or Emission
                                          reduction
Project (From a Conforming Plan and
 TIP):
  Sec.  93.114                           Currently conforming plan and
                                          TIP
  Sec.  93.115                           Project from a conforming plan
                                          and TIP
  Sec.  93.116                           CO and PM10 hot spots
  Sec.  93.117                           PM10 control measures
Project (Not From a Conforming Plan and
 TIP):
  Sec.  93.113(d)                        TCMs
  Sec.  93.114                           Currently conforming plan and
                                          TIP
  Sec.  93.116                           CO and PM10 hot spots
  Sec.  93.117                           PM10 control measures
  Sec.  93.118 or Sec.  93.119           Emissions budget or Emission
                                          reduction
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (c) Ozone nonattainment and maintenance areas. In addition to the 
criteria listed in Table 1 in paragraph (b) of this section that are 
required to be satisfied at all times, in ozone nonattainment and 
maintenance areas conformity determinations must include a demonstration 
that the budget and/or emission reduction tests are satisfied as 
described in the following:
    (1) In ozone nonattainment and maintenance areas the budget test 
must be satisfied as required by Sec. 93.118 for conformity 
determinations made:
    (i) 45 days after a control strategy implementation plan revision or 
maintenance plan has been submitted to EPA, unless EPA has declared the 
motor vehicle emissions budget inadequate for transportation conformity 
purposes; or
    (ii) After EPA has declared that the motor vehicle emissions budget 
in a submitted control strategy implementation plan revision or 
maintenance plan is adequate for transportation conformity purposes.
    (2) In ozone nonattainment areas that are required to submit a 
control strategy implementation plan revision (usually moderate and 
above areas), the emission reduction tests must be satisfied as required 
by Sec. 93.119 for conformity determinations made:
    (i) During the first 45 days after a control strategy implementation 
plan revision or maintenance plan has been submitted to EPA, unless EPA 
has declared a motor vehicle emissions budget adequate for 
transportation conformity purposes; or
    (ii) If EPA has declared the motor vehicle emissions budget in a 
submitted control strategy implementation plan revision or maintenance 
plan inadequate for transportation conformity purposes, and there is no 
previously established motor vehicle emissions budget in the approved 
implementation plan or a previously submitted control strategy 
implementation plan revision or maintenance plan.
    (3) An ozone nonattainment area must satisfy the emission reduction 
test for NOX, as required by Sec. 93.119, if the 
implementation plan or plan submission that is applicable for the 
purposes of conformity determinations is a 15% plan or Phase I 
attainment demonstration that does not include a motor vehicle emissions 
budget for NOX. The implementation plan will be considered to 
establish a motor vehicle emissions budget for NOX if the 
implementation plan or plan submission contains an explicit 
NOX motor vehicle emissions budget that is intended to act as 
a ceiling on future NOX emissions, and the NOX 
motor vehicle emissions budget is a net reduction from NOX 
emissions levels in 1990.
    (4) Ozone nonattainment areas that have not submitted a maintenance 
plan and that are not required to submit a control strategy 
implementation plan revision (usually marginal and below areas) must 
satisfy one of the following requirements:
    (i) The emission reduction tests required by Sec. 93.119; or
    (ii) The State shall submit to EPA an implementation plan revision 
that contains motor vehicle emissions budget(s) and an attainment 
demonstration, and the budget test required by Sec. 93.118 must be 
satisfied using the submitted motor vehicle emissions budget(s) (as 
described in paragraph (c)(1) of this section).
    (5) Notwithstanding paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section, 
moderate and above ozone nonattainment areas with three years of clean 
data that have not

[[Page 555]]

submitted a maintenance plan and that EPA has determined are not subject 
to the Clean Air Act reasonable further progress and attainment 
demonstration requirements must satisfy one of the following 
requirements:
    (i) The emission reduction tests as required by Sec. 93.119;
    (ii) The budget test as required by Sec. 93.118, using the motor 
vehicle emissions budgets in the submitted control strategy 
implementation plan (subject to the timing requirements of paragraph 
(c)(1) of this section); or
    (iii) The budget test as required by Sec. 93.118, using the motor 
vehicle emissions of ozone precursors in the most recent year of clean 
data as motor vehicle emissions budgets, if such budgets are established 
by the EPA rulemaking that determines that the area has clean data.
    (d) CO nonattainment and maintenance areas. In addition to the 
criteria listed in Table 1 in paragraph (b) of this section that are 
required to be satisfied at all times, in CO nonattainment and 
maintenance areas conformity determinations must include a demonstration 
that the hot spot, budget and/or emission reduction tests are satisfied 
as described in the following:
    (1) FHWA/FTA projects in CO nonattainment or maintenance areas must 
satisfy the hot spot test required by Sec. 93.116(a) at all times. Until 
a CO attainment demonstration or maintenance plan is approved by EPA, 
FHWA/FTA projects must also satisfy the hot spot test required by 
Sec. 93.116(b).
    (2) In CO nonattainment and maintenance areas the budget test must 
be satisfied as required by Sec. 93.118 for conformity determinations 
made:
    (i) 45 days after a control strategy implementation plan revision or 
maintenance plan has been submitted to EPA, unless EPA has declared the 
motor vehicle emissions budget inadequate for transportation conformity 
purposes; or
    (ii) After EPA has declared that the motor vehicle emissions budget 
in a submitted control strategy implementation plan revision or 
maintenance plan is adequate for transportation conformity purposes.
    (3) Except as provided in paragraph (d)(4) of this section, in CO 
nonattainment areas the emission reduction tests must be satisfied as 
required by Sec. 93.119 for conformity determinations made:
    (i) During the first 45 days after a control strategy implementation 
plan revision or maintenance plan has been submitted to EPA, unless EPA 
has declared a motor vehicle emissions budget adequate for 
transportation conformity purposes; or
    (ii) If EPA has declared the motor vehicle emissions budget in a 
submitted control strategy implementation plan revision or maintenance 
plan inadequate for transportation conformity purposes, and there is no 
previously established motor vehicle emissions budget in the approved 
implementation plan or a previously submitted control strategy 
implementation plan revision or maintenance plan.
    (4) CO nonattainment areas that have not submitted a maintenance 
plan and that are not required to submit an attainment demonstration 
(e.g., moderate CO areas with a design value of 12.7 ppm or less or not 
classified CO areas) must satisfy one of the following requirements:
    (i) The emission reduction tests required by Sec. 93.119; or
    (ii) The State shall submit to EPA an implementation plan revision 
that contains motor vehicle emissions budget(s) and an attainment 
demonstration, and the budget test required by Sec. 93.118 must be 
satisfied using the submitted motor vehicle emissions budget(s) (as 
described in paragraph (d)(2) of this section).
    (e) PM10 nonattainment and maintenance areas. In addition 
to the criteria listed in Table 1 in paragraph (b) of this section that 
are required to be satisfied at all times, in PM10 
nonattainment and maintenance areas conformity determinations must 
include a demonstration that the hot spot, budget and/or emission 
reduction tests are satisfied as described in the following:
    (1) FHWA/FTA projects in PM10 nonattainment or 
maintenance areas must satisfy the hot spot test required by 
Sec. 93.116(a).
    (2) In PM10 nonattainment and maintenance areas the 
budget test must be satisfied as required by Sec. 93.118 for conformity 
determinations made:

[[Page 556]]

    (i) 45 days after a control strategy implementation plan revision or 
maintenance plan has been submitted to EPA, unless EPA has declared the 
motor vehicle emissions budget inadequate for transportation conformity 
purposes; or
    (ii) After EPA has declared that the motor vehicle emissions budget 
in a submitted control strategy implementation plan revision or 
maintenance plan is adequate for transportation conformity purposes.
    (3) In PM10 nonattainment areas the emission reduction 
tests must be satisfied as required by Sec. 93.119 for conformity 
determinations made:
    (i) During the first 45 days after a control strategy implementation 
plan revision or maintenance plan has been submitted to EPA, unless EPA 
has declared a motor vehicle emissions budget adequate for 
transportation conformity purposes;
    (ii) If EPA has declared the motor vehicle emissions budget in a 
submitted control strategy implementation plan revision or maintenance 
plan inadequate for transportation conformity purposes, and there is no 
previously established motor vehicle emissions budget in the approved 
implementation plan or a previously submitted control strategy 
implementation plan revision or maintenance plan; or
    (iii) If the submitted implementation plan revision is a 
demonstration of impracticability under CAA section 189(a)(1)(B)(ii) and 
does not demonstrate attainment.
    (f) NO2 nonattainment and maintenance areas. In addition 
to the criteria listed in Table 1 in paragraph (b) of this section that 
are required to be satisfied at all times, in NO2 
nonattainment and maintenance areas conformity determinations must 
include a demonstration that the budget and/or emission reduction tests 
are satisfied as described in the following:
    (1) In NO2 nonattainment and maintenance areas the budget 
test must be satisfied as required by Sec. 93.118 for conformity 
determinations made:
    (i) 45 days after a control strategy implementation plan revision or 
maintenance plan has been submitted to EPA, unless EPA has declared the 
motor vehicle emissions budget inadequate for transportation conformity 
purposes; or
    (ii) After EPA has declared that the motor vehicle emissions budget 
in a submitted control strategy implementation plan revision or 
maintenance plan is adequate for transportation conformity purposes.
    (2) In NO2 nonattainment areas the emission reduction 
tests must be satisfied as required by Sec. 93.119 for conformity 
determinations made:
    (i) During the first 45 days after a control strategy implementation 
plan revision or maintenance plan has been submitted to EPA, unless EPA 
has declared a motor vehicle emissions budget adequate for 
transportation conformity purposes; or
    (ii) If EPA has declared the motor vehicle emissions budget in a 
submitted control strategy implementation plan revision or maintenance 
plan inadequate for transportation conformity purposes, and there is no 
previously established motor vehicle emissions budget in the approved 
implementation plan or a previously submitted control strategy 
implementation plan revision or maintenance plan.
    (g) Isolated rural nonattainment and maintenance areas. This 
paragraph applies to any nonattainment or maintenance area (or portion 
thereof) which does not have a metropolitan transportation plan or TIP 
and whose projects are not part of the emissions analysis of any MPO's 
metropolitan transportation plan or TIP. This paragraph does not apply 
to ``donut'' areas which are outside the metropolitan planning boundary 
and inside the nonattainment/maintenance area boundary.
    (1) FHWA/FTA projects in all isolated rural nonattainment and 
maintenance areas must satisfy the requirements of Secs. 93.110, 93.111, 
93.112, 93.113(d), 93.116, and 93.117. Until EPA approves the control 
strategy implementation plan or maintenance plan for a rural CO 
nonattainment or maintenance area, FHWA/FTA projects must also satisfy 
the requirements of Sec. 93.116(b) (``Localized CO and PM10 
violations (hot spots)'').
    (2) Isolated rural nonattainment and maintenance areas are subject 
to the budget and/or emission reduction tests as described in paragraphs 
(c) through

[[Page 557]]

(f) of this section, with the following modifications:
    (i) When the requirements of Secs. 93.118 and 93.119 apply to 
isolated rural nonattainment and maintenance areas, references to 
``transportation plan'' or ``TIP'' should be taken to mean those 
projects in the statewide transportation plan or statewide TIP which are 
in the rural nonattainment or maintenance area.
    (ii) In isolated rural nonattainment and maintenance areas that are 
subject to Sec. 93.118, FHWA/FTA projects must be consistent with motor 
vehicle emissions budget(s) for the years in the timeframe of the 
attainment demonstration or maintenance plan. For years after the 
attainment year (if a maintenance plan has not been submitted) or after 
the last year of the maintenance plan, FHWA/FTA projects must satisfy 
one of the following requirements:
    (A) Sec. 93.118;
    (B) Sec. 93.119 (including regional emissions analysis for 
NOX in all ozone nonattainment and maintenance areas, 
notwithstanding Sec. 93.119(d)(2)); or
    (C) As demonstrated by the air quality dispersion model or other air 
quality modeling technique used in the attainment demonstration or 
maintenance plan, the FHWA/FTA project, in combination with all other 
regionally significant projects expected in the area in the timeframe of 
the statewide transportation plan, must not cause or contribute to any 
new violation of any standard in any areas; increase the frequency or 
severity of any existing violation of any standard in any area; or delay 
timely attainment of any standard or any required interim emission 
reductions or other milestones in any area. Control measures assumed in 
the analysis must be enforceable.
    (iii) The choice of requirements in paragraph (g)(2)(ii) of this 
section and the methodology used to meet the requirements of paragraph 
(g)(2)(ii)(C) of this section must be determined through the interagency 
consultation process required in Sec. 93.105(c)(1)(vii) through which 
the relevant recipients of title 23 U.S.C. or Federal Transit Laws 
funds, the local air quality agency, the State air quality agency, and 
the State department of transportation should reach consensus about the 
option and methodology selected. EPA and DOT must be consulted through 
this process as well. In the event of unresolved disputes, conflicts may 
be escalated to the Governor consistent with the procedure in 
Sec. 93.105(d), which applies for any State air agency comments on a 
conformity determination.