[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 18]
[Revised as of July 1, 2003]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR94.108]

[Page 610-611]
 
                   TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
 
         CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
 
PART 94--CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM MARINE COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES--
Table of Contents
 
                       Subpart B--Test Procedures
 
Sec. 94.108  Test fuels.

    (a) Distillate diesel test fuel. (1) The diesel fuels for testing 
Category 1 and Category 2 marine engines designed to operate on 
distillate diesel fuel shall be clean and bright, with pour and cloud 
points adequate for operability. The diesel fuel may contain nonmetallic 
additives as follows: cetane improver, metal deactivator, antioxidant, 
dehazer, antirust, pour depressant, dye, dispersant, and biocide. The 
diesel fuel shall also meet the specifications (as determined using 
methods incorporated by reference at Sec. 94.5) in Table B-5 of this 
section, or substantially equivalent specifications approved by the 
Administrator, as follows:

              Table B-5.--Federal Test Fuel Specifications
------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Item                 Procedure \1\            Value
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cetane.........................  ASTM D 613-01....  40-48
Distillation Range:
    Initial boiling point,       ASTM D 86-01.....  171-204
     deg.C.
    10% point,  deg.C..........  ASTM D 86-01.....  204-238
    50% point,  deg.C..........  ASTM D 86-01.....  243-282
    90% point,  deg.C..........  ASTM D 86-01.....  293-332
    End point,  deg.C..........  ASTM D 86-01.....  321-366
Flashpoint,  deg.C.............  ASTM D 93-02.....  54 minimum
Gravity, API...................  ASTM D 287-92....  32-37
Hydrocarbon composition:
    Aromatics, volume percent..  ASTM D 1319-02a    10 minimum
                                  or D 5186-99.
    Olefins and Saturates        ASTM D 1319-02a..  Remainder
     (paraffins and
     napththenes).
Total Sulfur, weight percent...  ASTM D 129-00 or   0.03--0.80
                                  D 2622-98.
Viscosity at 38  deg.C,          ASTM D 445-01....  2.0-3.2
 centistokes.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ All ASTM standards are incorporated by reference in Sec.  94.5.

    (2) Other diesel fuels may be used for testing provided:
    (i) They are commercially available; and
    (ii) Information, acceptable to the Administrator, is provided to 
show that only the designated fuel would be used in service; and
    (iii) Use of a fuel listed under paragraph (a)(1) of this section 
would have a detrimental effect on emissions or durability; and
    (iv) Written approval from the Administrator of the fuel 
specifications is provided prior to the start of testing.
    (3) The specification of the fuel to be used under paragraphs 
(a)(1), and (a)(2) of this section shall be reported in the application 
for certification.
    (b) Other fuel types. For Category 1 and Category 2 engines that are 
designed to be capable of using a type of fuel (or mixed fuel) instead 
of or in addition to distillate diesel fuel (e.g., natural gas, 
methanol, or nondistillate diesel), and that are expected to use that 
type of fuel (or mixed fuel) in service:
    (1) A commercially available fuel of that type shall be used for 
exhaust emission testing. The manufacturer shall propose for the 
Administrator's approval a set of test fuel specifications that take 
into account the engine design and the properties of commercially 
available fuels. The Administrator may require testing on each fuel if 
it is designed to operate on more than one fuel. These test fuel 
specifications shall be reported in the application for certification.
    (2) [Reserved]
    (c) Service accumulation fuel. Fuel used for service accumulation 
shall be representative of the typical fuel expected to be used by the 
engines in service.
    (d) Correction for sulfur. (1) Particulate emission measurements 
from Category 1 or Category 2 engines without exhaust aftertreatment 
obtained using a diesel fuel containing more than 0.40 weight percent 
sulfur may be adjusted to a sulfur content of 0.40 weight percent.
    (2) Adjustments to the particulate measurement shall be made using 
the following equation:

PMadj=PM-[BSFC *0.0917 *(FSF-0.0040)]

Where:
PMadj=adjusted measured PM level [g/kW-hr]

[[Page 611]]

PM=measured weighted PM level [g/KW-hr]
BSFC=measured brake specific fuel consumption [g/KW-hr]
FSF=fuel sulfur weight fraction
    (e) Test fuel for Category 3 engines. For testing Tier 1 engines, 
use test fuels meeting the specifications listed in the Annex VI 
Technical Code (incorporated by reference in Sec. 94.5).

[64 FR 73331, Dec. 29, 1999, as amended at 67 FR 68345, Nov. 8, 2002; 68 
FR 9784, Feb. 28, 2003]