[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 44, Volume 1]
[Revised as of October 1, 2003]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 44CFR312.2]

[Page 546-547]
 
              TITLE 44--EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AND ASSISTANCE
 
 CHAPTER I--FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND 
                                SECURITY
 
PART 312--USE OF CIVIL DEFENSE PERSONNEL, MATERIALS, AND FACILITIES FOR 
NATURAL DISASTER PURPOSES--Table of Contents
 
Sec. 312.2  Definitions.

    Except as otherwise stated, when used in the regulations in this 
part, the meaning of the listed terms are as follows:
    (a) The term attack means any attack or series of attacks by an 
enemy of the United States causing, or which may cause, substantial 
damage or injury to civilian property or persons in the United States in 
any manner by sabotage or by use of bombs, shellfire, or

[[Page 547]]

atomic-radiological, chemical, bacteriological, or biological means or 
other weapons or processes;
    (b) The term natural disaster means any hurricane, tornado, storm, 
flood, high water, wind-driven water, tidal wave, tsunami, earthquake, 
volcanic eruption, landslide, mudslide, snowstorm, drought, fire, or 
other catastrophe in any part of the United States which causes, or 
which may cause, substantial damage or injury to civilian property or 
persons and, for the purposes of the Act, any explosion, civil 
disturbance, or any other manmade catastrophe shall be deemed to be a 
natural disaster;
    (c) The term civil defense means all those activities and measures 
designed or undertaken (1) to minimize the effects upon the civilian 
population caused, or which would be caused, by an attack upon the 
United States, or by natural disaster, (2) to deal with the immediate 
emergency conditions which would be created by any such attack, or 
natural disaster, and (3) to effectuate emergency repairs to, or the 
emergency restoration of vital utilities and facilities destroyed or 
damaged by any such attack or natural disaster. Such term shall include, 
but shall not be limited to, (i) measures to be taken in preparation for 
anticipated attack or natural disaster (including the establishment of 
appropriate organizations, operational plans, and supporting agreements; 
the recruitment and training of personnel; the conduct of research; the 
procurement and stockpiling of necessary materials and supplies; the 
provision of suitable warning systems; the construction or preparation 
of shelter areas, and control centers; and, when appropriate, the non-
military evacuation of civil population); (ii) measures to be taken 
during attack or natural disaster (including the enforcement of passive 
defense regulations prescribed by duly established military or civil 
authorities; the evacuation of personnel to shelter areas; the control 
of traffic and panic; and the control and use of lighting and civil 
communications); and (iii) measures to be taken following attack or 
natural disaster (including activities for firefighting; rescue, 
emergency medical, health and sanitation services; monitoring for 
specific hazards of special weapons; unexploded bomb reconnaissance; 
essential debris clearance; emergency welfare measures; and immediately 
essential emergency repair or restoration of damaged vital facilities);
    (d) The word materials shall include raw materials, supplies, 
medicines, equipment, component parts and technical information and 
processes necessary for civil defense;
    (e) The word facilities, except as otherwise provided herein, shall 
include buildings, shelters, utilities, and land;
    (f) The term United States or States shall include the several 
States, the District of Columbia, the Territories, and the possessions 
of the United States;
    (g) The term political subdivisions shall include local governments, 
including but not limited to cities, towns, incorporated communities, 
counties, parishes, and townships; and
    (h) The term CPG 1-3 refers to FEMA's ``Federal Assistance 
Handbook'' promulgated as Civil Preparedness Guide (CPG) 1-3, as 
amended, by numbered changes thereto and by Civil Preparedness Circulars 
(CPC). CPG 1-3 sets forth detailed guidance on procedures which a State 
and, where applicable, its political subdivisions must follow in order 
to request financial assistance from FEMA. It also sets forth detailed 
requirements, terms, and conditions upon which financial assistance is 
granted.

(Reorganization Plan No. 3 of 1978, E.O. 12127 and E.O. 12148)

[47 FR 43381, Oct. 1, 1982, as amended at 48 FR 44545, Sept. 29, 1983]