[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 47, Volume 4]
[Revised as of October 1, 2003]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 47CFR73.185]

[Page 55-57]
 
                       TITLE 47--TELECOMMUNICATION
 
                         COMMISSION (CONTINUED)
 
PART 73_RADIO BROADCAST SERVICES--Table of Contents
 
                     Subpart A_AM Broadcast Stations
 
Sec.  73.185  Computation of interfering signal.

    (a) Measured values of radiation are not to be used in calculating 
overlap, interference, and coverage.
    (1) In the case of an antenna which is intended to be non-
directional in the horizontal plane, an ideal non-directional radiation 
pattern shall be used in determining interference, overlap, and 
coverage, even if the antenna is not actually non-directional.
    (2) In the case of an antenna which is directional in the horizontal 
plane, the radiation which shall be used in determining interference, 
overlap, and coverage is that calculated pursuant to Sec.  73.150 or 
Sec.  73.152, depending on whether the station has a standard or 
modified standard pattern.
    (3) In the case of calculation of interference or overlap to (not 
from) a foreign station, the notified radiation shall be used, even if 
the notified radiation differs from that in paragraphs (a) (1) or (2) of 
this section.
    (b) For skywave signals from stations operating on all channels, 
interference shall be determined from the appropriate formulas and 
Figure 6a contained in Sec.  73.190.
    (c) The formulas in Sec.  73.190(d) depicted in Figure 6a of Sec.  
73.190, entitled ``Angles of Departure versus Transmission Range'' are 
to be used in determining the angles in the vertical pattern of the 
antenna of an interfering

[[Page 56]]

station to be considered as pertinent to transmission by one reflection. 
To provide for variation in the pertinent vertical angle due to 
variations of ionosphere height and ionosphere scattering, the curves 2 
and 3 indicate the upper and lower angles within which the radiated 
field is to be considered. The maximum value of field strength occurring 
between these angles shall be used to determine the multiplying factor 
to apply to the 10 percent skywave field intensity value determined from 
Formula 2 in Sec.  73.190. The multiplying factor is found by dividing 
the maximum radiation between the pertinent angles by 100 mV/m.
    (d) Example of the use of skywave curves and formulas: Assume a 
proposed new Class B station from which interference may be expected is 
located at a distance of 724 kilometers from a licensed Class B station. 
The proposed station specifies geographic coordinates of 
40[deg]00[min]00[min]N and 100[deg]00[min]00[sec]W and the station to be 
protected is located at an azimuth of 45[deg] true at geographic 
coordinates of 44[deg]26[min]05[sec]N and 93[deg]32[min]54[sec]W. The 
critical angles of radiation as determined from Figure 6a of Sec.  
73.190 for use with Class B stations are 9.6[deg] and 16.6[deg]. If the 
vertical pattern of the antenna of the proposed station in the direction 
of the existing station is such that, between the angles of 9.6[deg] and 
16.6[deg] above the horizon the maximum radiation is 260 mV/m at one 
kilometer, the value of the 50% field, as derived from Formula 1 of 
Sec.  73.190, is 0.06217 mV/m at the location of the existing station. 
To obtain the value of the 10% field, the 50% valuemust be adjusted by a 
factor derived from Formula 2 of Sec.  73.190. The value in this case is 
8.42 dB. Thus, the 10% field is 0.1616 mV/m. Using this in conjunction 
with the co-channel protection ratio of 26 dB, the resultant nighttime 
limit from the proposed station to the licensed station is 3.232 mV/m.
    (e) In the case of an antenna which is non-directional in the 
horizontal plane, the vertical distribution of the relative fields 
should be computed pursuant to Sec.  73.160. In the case of an antenna 
which is directional in the horizontal plane, the vertical pattern in 
the great circle direction toward the point of reception in question 
must first be calculated. In cases where the radiation in the vertical 
plane, at the pertinent azimuth, contains a large lobe at a higher angle 
than the pertinent angle for one reflection, the method of calculating 
interference will not be restricted to that just described; each such 
case will be considered on the basis of the best knowledge available.
    (f) In performing calculations to determine permissible radiation 
from stations operating presunrise or postsunset in accordance with 
Sec.  73.99, calculated diurnal factors will be multiplied by the values 
of skywave field strength for such stations obtained from Formula 1 or 2 
of Sec.  73.190.
    (1) The diurnal factor is determined using the time of day at the 
mid-point of path between the site of the interfering station and the 
point at which interference is being calculated. Diurnal factors are 
computed using the formula 
Df=a+bF+cF2+dF3 where:

Df represents the diurnal factor,
F is the frequency in MHz,
a,b,c, and d are constants obtained from the tables in paragraph (k)(2)


A diurnal factor greater than one will not be used in calculations and 
interpolation is to be used between calculated values where necessary. 
For reference purposes, curves for presunrise and postsunset diurnal 
factors are contained in Figures 13 and 14 of Sec.  73.190.
    (2) Constants used in calculating diurnal factors for the presunrise 
and postsunset periods are contained in paragraphs (f)(2) (i) and (ii) 
of this section respectively. The columns labeled Tmp 
represent the number of hours before and after sunrise and sunset at the 
path midpoint.

                        (i) Presunrise Constants

------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Tmp                  a          b          c          d
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-2..........................     1.3084      .0083     -.0155      .0144
-1.75.......................     1.3165     -.4919      .6011     -.1884
-1.5........................     1.0079      .0296      .1488     -.0452
-1.25.......................      .7773      .3751     -.1911      .0736
-1..........................      .6230      .1547      .2654     -.1006
-.75........................      .3718      .1178      .3632     -.1172
-.5.........................      .2151      .0737      .4167     -.1413
-.25........................      .2027     -.2560      .7269     -.2577
SR..........................      .1504     -.2325      .5374     -.1729
+.25........................      .1057     -.2092      .4148     -.1239
+5..........................      .0642     -.1295      .2583     -.0699
+.75........................      .0446     -.1002      .1754     -.0405
+1..........................      .0148      .0135      .0462      .0010
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 57]]

                        (ii) Postsunset Constants

------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Tmp                  a          b          c          d
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.75........................      .9495     -.0187      .0720     -.0290
1.5.........................      .7196      .3583     -.2280      .0611
1.25........................      .6756      .1518      .0279     -.0163
1.0.........................      .5486      .1401      .0952     -.0288
.75.........................      .3003      .4050     -.0961      .0256
.5..........................      .1186      .4281     -.0799      .0197
.25.........................      .0382      .3706     -.0673      .0171
SS..........................      .0002      .3024     -.0540      .0086
-.25........................      .0278      .0458      .1473     -.0486
-.5.........................      .0203      .0132      .1166     -.0340
-.75........................      .0152     -.0002      .0786     -.0185
-1.0........................     -.0043      .0452     -.0040      .0103
-1.25.......................      .0010      .0135      .0103      .0047
-1.5........................      .0018      .0052      .0069      .0042
-1.75.......................     -.0012      .0122     -.0076      .0076
-2.0........................     -.0024      .0141     -.0141     .0091Q
                                                               P='04'