[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 14, Volume 1]
[Revised as of January 1, 2004]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 14CFR25.125]

[Page 350-351]
 
                     TITLE 14--AERONAUTICS AND SPACE
 
CHAPTER I--FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
 
PART 25--AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES--Table of Contents
 
                            Subpart B--Flight
 
Sec. 25.125  Landing.

    (a) The horizontal distance necessary to land and to come to a 
complete stop (or to a speed of approximately 3 knots for water 
landings) from a point 50 feet

[[Page 351]]

above the landing surface must be determined (for standard temperatures, 
at each weight, altitude, and wind within the operational limits 
established by the applicant for the airplane) as follows:
    (1) The airplane must be in the landing configuration.
    (2) A stabilized approach, with a calibrated airspeed of 
VREF, must be maintained down to the 50 foot height. 
VREF may not be less than
    (i) 1.23 VSR0;
    (ii) VMCL established under Sec. 25.149(f); and
    (iii) A speed that provides the maneuvering capability specified in 
Sec. 25.143(g).
    (3) Changes in configuration, power or thrust, and speed, must be 
made in accordance with the established procedures for service 
operation.
    (4) The landing must be made without excessive vertical 
acceleration, tendency to bounce, nose over, ground loop, porpoise, or 
water loop.
    (5) The landings may not require exceptional piloting skill or 
alertness.
    (b) For landplanes and amphibians, the landing distance on land must 
be determined on a level, smooth, dry, hard-surfaced runway. In 
addition--
    (1) The pressures on the wheel braking systems may not exceed those 
specified by the brake manufacturer;
    (2) The brakes may not be used so as to cause excessive wear of 
brakes or tires; and
    (3) Means other than wheel brakes may be used if that means--
    (i) Is safe and reliable;
    (ii) Is used so that consistent results can be expected in service; 
and
    (iii) Is such that exceptional skill is not required to control the 
airplane.
    (c) For seaplanes and amphibians, the landing distance on water must 
be determined on smooth water.
    (d) For skiplanes, the landing distance on snow must be determined 
on smooth, dry, snow.
    (e) The landing distance data must include correction factors for 
not more than 50 percent of the nominal wind components along the 
landing path opposite to the direction of landing, and not less than 150 
percent of the nominal wind components along the landing path in the 
direction of landing.
    (f) If any device is used that depends on the operation of any 
engine, and if the landing distance would be noticeably increased when a 
landing is made with that engine inoperative, the landing distance must 
be determined with that engine inoperative unless the use of 
compensating means will result in a landing distance not more than that 
with each engine operating.

Doc. No. 5066, 29 FR 18291, Dec. 24, 1964, as amended by Amdt. 25-72, 55 
FR 29774, July 20, 1990; Amdt. 25-84, 60 FR 30749, June 9, 1995; Amdt. 
25-108, 67 FR 70826, Nov. 26, 2002]

                   Controllability and Maneuverability