[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 31, Volume 2]
[Revised as of July 1, 2004]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 31CFR535.203]

[Page 650-651]
 
                  TITLE 31--MONEY AND FINANCE: TREASURY
 
 CHAPTER V--OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY
 
PART 535_IRANIAN ASSETS CONTROL REGULATIONS--Table of Contents
 
                         Subpart B_Prohibitions
 
Sec. 535.203  Effect of transfers violating the provisions of this part.

    (a) Any transfer after the effective date which is in violation of 
any provision of this part or of any regulation, ruling, instruction, 
license, or other direction or authorization thereunder and involves any 
property in which Iran has or has had an interest since such effective 
date is null and void and shall not be the basis for the assertion or 
recognition of any interest in or right, remedy, power or privilege with 
respect to such property.
    (b) No transfer before the effective date shall be the basis for the 
assertion or recognition of any right, remedy, power, or privilege with 
respect to, or interest in, any property in which Iran has or has had an 
interest since the effective date unless the person with whom such 
property is held or maintained had written notice of the transfer or by 
any written evidence had recognized such transfer prior to such 
effective date.
    (c) Unless otherwise provided, an appropriate license or other 
authorization issued by or pursuant to the direction or authorization of 
the Secretary of the Treasury before, during or after a transfer shall 
validate such transfer or render it enforceable to the same extent as it 
would be valid or enforceable but for the provisions of the 
International Emergency Economic Powers Act and this part and any 
ruling, order, regulation, direction or instruction issued hereunder.
    (d) Transfers of property which otherwise would be null and void, or 
unenforceable by virtue of the provisions of this section shall not be 
deemed to be

[[Page 651]]

null and void, or unenforceable pursuant to such provisions, as to any 
person with whom such property was held or maintained (and as to such 
person only) in cases in which such person is able to establish each of 
the following:
    (1) Such transfer did not represent a willful violation of the 
provisions of this part by the person with whom such property was held 
or maintained;
    (2) The person with whom such property was held or maintained did 
not have reasonable cause to know or suspect, in view of all the facts 
and circumstances known or available to such person, that such transfer 
required a license or authorization by or pursuant to the provision of 
this part and was not so licensed or authorized or if a license or 
authorization did purport to cover the transfer, that such license or 
authorization had been obtained by misrepresentation or the withholding 
of material facts or was otherwise fraudulently obtained; and
    (3) Promptly upon discovery that:
    (i) Such transfer was in violation of the provisions of this part or 
any regulation, ruling, instruction, license or other direction or 
authorization thereunder, or
    (ii) Such transfer was not licensed or authorized by the Secretary 
of the Treasury, or
    (iii) If a license did purport to cover the transfer, such license 
had been obtained by misrepresentation or the withholding of material 
facts or was otherwise fraudulently obtained; the person with whom such 
property was held or maintained filed with the Treasury Department, 
Washington, D.C., a report in triplicate setting forth in full the 
circumstances relating to such transfer. The filing of a report in 
accordance with the provisions of this paragraph shall not be deemed to 
be compliance or evidence of compliance with paragraphs (d) (1) and (2) 
of this section.
    (e) Unless licensed or authorized pursuant to this part any 
attachment, judgment, decree, lien, execution, garnishment, or other 
judicial process is null and void with respect to any property in which 
on or since the effective date there existed an interest of Iran.
    (f) For the purpose of this section the term property includes gold, 
silver, bullion, currency, coin, credit, securities (as that term is 
defined in section 2(l) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended), 
bills of exchange, notes, drafts, acceptances, checks, letters of 
credit, book credits, debts, claims, contracts, negotiable documents of 
title, mortgages, liens, annuities, insurance policies, options and 
futures in commodities, and evidences of any of the foregoing. The term 
property shall not, except to the extent indicated, be deemed to include 
chattels or real property.

[44 FR 65956, Nov. 15, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 24432, Apr. 9, 1980]