[Code of Federal Regulations] [Title 22, Volume 1] [Revised as of April 1, 2005] From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access [CITE: 22CFR225.101] [Page 985-987] TITLE 22--FOREIGN RELATIONS CHAPTER II--AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PART 225_PROTECTION OF HUMAN SUBJECTS--Table of Contents Sec. 225.101 To what does this policy apply? Sec. 225.101 To what does this policy apply? 225.102 Definitions. 225.103 Assuring compliance with this policy--research conducted or supported by any Federal Department or Agency. 225.104-225.106 [Reserved] 225.107 IRB membership. 225.108 IRB functions and operations. 225.109 IRB review of research. 225.110 Expedited review procedures for certain kinds of research involving no more than minimal risk, and for minor changes in approved research. 225.111 Criteria for IRB approval of research. 225.112 Review by institution. 225.113 Suspension or termination of IRB approval of research. 225.114 Cooperative research. 225.115 IRB records. 225.116 General requirements for informed consent. 225.117 Documentation of informed consent. 225.118 Applications and proposals lacking definite plans for involvement of human subjects. 225.119 Research undertaken without the intention of involving human subjects. [[Page 986]] 225.120 Evaluation and disposition of applications and proposals for research to be conducted or supported by a Federal Department or Agency. 225.121 [Reserved] 225.122 Use of Federal funds. 225.123 Early termination of research support: Evaluation of applications and proposals. 225.124 Conditions. Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301; 42 U.S.C. 300v-1(b), unless otherwise noted. Source: 56 FR 28012, 28020, June 18, 1991, unless otherwise noted. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, this policy applies to all research involving human subjects conducted, supported or otherwise subject to regulation by any federal department or agency which takes appropriate administrative action to make the policy applicable to such research. This includes research conducted by federal civilian employees or military personnel, except that each department or agency head may adopt such procedural modifications as may be appropriate from an administrative standpoint. It also includes research conducted, supported, or otherwise subject to regulation by the federal government outside the United States. (1) Research that is conducted or supported by a federal department or agency, whether or not it is regulated as defined in Sec. 225.102(e), must comply with all sections of this policy. (2) Research that is neither conducted nor supported by a federal department or agency but is subject to regulation as defined in Sec. 225.102(e) must be reviewed and approved, in compliance with Sec. Sec. 225.101, 225.102, and Sec. Sec. 225.107 through 225.117 of this policy, by an institutional review board (IRB) that operates in accordance with the pertinent requirements of this policy. (b) Unless otherwise required by department or agency heads, research activities in which the only involvement of human subjects will be in one or more of the following categories are exempt from this policy: (1) Research conducted in established or commonly accepted educational settings, involving normal educational practices, such as (i) research on regular and special education instructional strategies, or (ii) research on the effectiveness of or the comparison among instructional techniques, curricula, or classroom management methods. (2) Research involving the use of educational tests (cognitive, diagnostic, aptitude, achievement), survey procedures, interview procedures or observation of public behavior, unless: (i) Information obtained is recorded in such a manner that human subjects can be identified, directly or through identifiers linked to the subjects; and (ii) any disclosure of the human subjects' responses outside the research could reasonably place the subjects at risk of criminal or civil liability or be damaging to the subjects' financial standing, employability, or reputation. (3) Research involving the use of educational tests (cognitive, diagnostic, aptitude, achievement), survey procedures, interview procedures, or observation of public behavior that is not exempt under paragraph (b)(2) of this section, if: (i) The human subjects are elected or appointed public officials or candidates for public office; or (ii) federal statute(s) require(s) without exception that the confidentiality of the personally identifiable information will be maintained throughout the research and thereafter. (4) Research, involving the collection or study of existing data, documents, records, pathological specimens, or diagnostic specimens, if these sources are publicly available or if the information is recorded by the investigator in such a manner that subjects cannot be identified, directly or through identifiers linked to the subjects. (5) Research and demonstration projects which are conducted by or subject to the approval of department or agency heads, and which are designed to study, evaluate, or otherwise examine: (i) Public benefit or service programs; (ii) procedures for obtaining benefits or services under those programs; (iii) possible changes in or alternatives to those programs or procedures; or (iv) possible changes in methods or levels of payment for benefits or services under those programs. [[Page 987]] (6) Taste and food quality evaluation and consumer acceptance studies, (i) if wholesome foods without additives are consumed or (ii) if a food is consumed that contains a food ingredient at or below the level and for a use found to be safe, or agricultural chemical or environmental contaminant at or below the level found to be safe, by the Food and Drug Administration or approved by the Environmental Protection Agency or the Food Safety and Inspection Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. (c) Department or agency heads retain final judgment as to whether a particular activity is covered by this policy. (d) Department or agency heads may require that specific research activities or classes of research activities conducted, supported, or otherwise subject to regulation by the department or agency but not otherwise covered by this policy, comply with some or all of the requirements of this policy. (e) Compliance with this policy requires compliance with pertinent federal laws or regulations which provide additional protections for human subjects. (f) This policy does not affect any state or local laws or regulations which may otherwise be applicable and which provide additional protections for human subjects. (g) This policy does not affect any foreign laws or regulations which may otherwise be applicable and which provide additional protections to human subjects of research. (h) When research covered by this policy takes place in foreign countries, procedures normally followed in the foreign countries to protect human subjects may differ from those set forth in this policy. [An example is a foreign institution which complies with guidelines consistent with the World Medical Assembly Declaration (Declaration of Helsinki amended 1989) issued either by sovereign states or by an organization whose function for the protection of human research subjects is internationally recognized.] In these circumstances, if a department or agency head determines that the procedures prescribed by the institution afford protections that are at least equivalent to those provided in this policy, the department or agency head may approve the substitution of the foreign procedures in lieu of the procedural requirements provided in this policy. Except when otherwise required by statute, Executive Order, or the department or agency head, notices of these actions as they occur will be published in the Federal Register or will be otherwise published as provided in department or agency procedures. (i) Unless otherwise required by law, department or agency heads may waive the applicability of some or all of the provisions of this policy to specific research activities or classes of research activities otherwise covered by this policy. Except when otherwise required by statute or Executive Order, the department or agency head shall forward advance notices of these actions to the Office for Protection from Research Risks, Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), and shall also publish them in the Federal Register or in such other manner as provided in department or agency procedures.\1\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Institutions with HHS-approved assurances on file will abide by provisions of title 45 CFR part 46 subparts A-D. Some of the other Departments and Agencies have incorporated all provisions of title 45 CFR part 46 into their policies and procedures as well. However, the exemptions at 45 CFR part 46.101(b) do not apply to research involving prisoners, fetuses, pregnant women, or human in vitro fertilization, subparts B and C. The exemption at 45 CFR part 46.101(b)(2), for research involving survey or interview procedures or observation of public behavior, does not apply to research with children, subpart D, except for research involving observations of public behavior when the investigator(s) do not participate in the activities being observed. [56 FR 28012, 28020, June 18, 1991; 56 FR 29756, June 28, 1991]