[Code of Federal Regulations] [Title 40, Volume 25] [Revised as of July 1, 2005] From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access [CITE: 40CFR264.90] [Page 280-281] TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) PART 264_STANDARDS FOR OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES--Table of Contents Subpart F_Releases From Solid Waste Management Units Sec. 264.90 Applicability. Source: 47 FR 32350, July 26, 1982, unless otherwise noted. (a)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the regulations in this subpart apply to owners or operators of facilities that treat, store or dispose of hazardous waste. The owner or operator must satisfy the requirements identified in paragraph (a)(2) of this section for all wastes (or constituents thereof) contained in solid waste management units at the facility, regardless of the time at which waste was placed in such units. (2) All solid waste management units must comply with the requirements in Sec. 264.101. A surface impoundment, waste pile, and land treatment unit or landfill that receives hazardous waste after July 26, 1982 (hereinafter referred to as a ``regulated unit'') must comply with the requirements of Sec. Sec. 264.91 through 264.100 in lieu of Sec. 264.101 for purposes of detecting, characterizing and responding to releases to the uppermost aquifer. The financial responsibility requirements of Sec. 264.101 apply to regulated units. (b) The owner or operator's regulated unit or units are not subject to regulation for releases into the uppermost aquifer under this subpart if: (1) The owner or operator is exempted under Sec. 264.1; or (2) He operates a unit which the Regional Administrator finds: (i) Is an engineered structure, (ii) Does not receive or contain liquid waste or waste containing free liquids, (iii) Is designed and operated to exclude liquid, precipitation, and other run-on and run-off, (iv) Has both inner and outer layers of containment enclosing the waste, (v) Has a leak detection system built into each containment layer, (vi) The owner or operator will provide continuing operation and maintenance of these leak detection systems during the active life of the unit and the closure and post-closure care periods, and (vii) To a reasonable degree of certainty, will not allow hazardous constituents to migrate beyond the outer containment layer prior to the end of the post-closure care period. (3) The Regional Administrator finds, pursuant to Sec. 264.280(d), that the treatment zone of a land treatment unit that qualifies as a regulated unit does not contain levels of hazardous constituents that are above background levels of those constituents by an amount that is statistically significant, and if an unsaturated zone monitoring program meeting the requirements of Sec. 264.278 has not shown a statistically significant increase in hazardous constituents below the treatment zone during the operating life of the unit. An exemption under this paragraph can only relieve an owner or operator of responsibility to meet the requirements of this subpart during the post-closure care period; or (4) The Regional Administrator finds that there is no potential for migration of liquid from a regulated unit to the uppermost aquifer during the active life of the regulated unit (including the closure period) and the post-closure care period specified under Sec. 264.117. This demonstration must be certified by a qualified geologist or geotechnical engineer. In order to provide an adequate margin of safety in the prediction of potential migration of liquid, the owner or operator must base any predictions made under this paragraph on assumptions that maximize the rate of liquid migration. (5) He designs and operates a pile in compliance with Sec. 264.250(c). (c) The regulations under this subpart apply during the active life of the regulated unit (including the closure period). After closure of the regulated unit, the regulations in this subpart: (1) Do not apply if all waste, waste residues, contaminated containment system components, and contaminated [[Page 281]] subsoils are removed or decontaminated at closure; (2) Apply during the post-closure care period under Sec. 264.117 if the owner or operator is conducting a detection monitoring program under Sec. 264.98; or (3) Apply during the compliance period under Sec. 264.96 if the owner or operator is conducting a compliance monitoring program under Sec. 264.99 or a corrective action program under Sec. 264.100. (d) Regulations in this subpart may apply to miscellaneous units when necessary to comply with Sec. Sec. 264.601 through 264.603. (e) The regulations of this subpart apply to all owners and operators subject to the requirements of 40 CFR 270.1(c)(7), when the Agency issues either a post-closure permit or an enforceable document (as defined in 40 CFR 270.1(c)(7)) at the facility. When the Agency issues an enforceable document, references in this subpart to ``in the permit'' mean ``in the enforceable document.'' (f) The Regional Administrator may replace all or part of the requirements of Sec. Sec. 264.91 through 264.100 applying to a regulated unit with alternative requirements for groundwater monitoring and corrective action for releases to groundwater set out in the permit (or in an enforceable document) (as defined in 40 CFR 270.1(c)(7)) where the Regional Administrator determines that: (1) The regulated unit is situated among solid waste management units (or areas of concern), a release has occurred, and both the regulated unit and one or more solid waste management unit(s) (or areas of concern) are likely to have contributed to the release; and (2) It is not necessary to apply the groundwater monitoring and corrective action requirements of Sec. Sec. 264.91 through 264.100 because alternative requirements will protect human health and the environment. [47 FR 32350, July 26, 1982, as amended at 50 FR 28746, July 15, 1985; 52 FR 46963, Dec. 10, 1987; 63 FR 56733, Oct. 22, 1998]