[Code of Federal Regulations]

[Title 40, Volume 6]

[Revised as of July 1, 2005]

From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access

[CITE: 40CFR60.13]



[Page 67-70]

 

                   TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT

 

         CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)

 

PART 60_STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES--Table of 

Contents

 

                      Subpart A_General Provisions

 

Sec. 60.13  Monitoring requirements.



    (a) For the purposes of this section, all continuous monitoring 

systems required under applicable subparts shall be subject to the 

provisions of this section upon promulgation of performance 

specifications for continuous monitoring systems under appendix B to 

this part and, if the continuous monitoring system is used to 

demonstrate compliance with emission limits on a continuous basis, 

appendix F to this part, unless otherwise specified in an applicable 

subpart or by the Administrator. Appendix F is applicable December 4, 

1987.

    (b) All continuous monitoring systems and monitoring devices shall 

be installed and operational prior to conducting performance tests under 

Sec. 60.8. Verification of operational status shall, as a minimum, 

include completion of the manufacturer's written requirements or 

recommendations for installation, operation, and calibration of the 

device.

    (c) If the owner or operator of an affected facility elects to 

submit continous opacity monitoring system (COMS) data for compliance 

with the opacity standard as provided under Sec. 60.11(e)(5), he shall 

conduct a performance evaluation of the COMS as specified in Performance 

Specification 1, appendix B, of this part before the performance test 

required under Sec. 60.8 is conducted. Otherwise, the owner or operator 

of an affected facility shall conduct a performance evaluation of the 

COMS or continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) during any 

performance test required under Sec. 60.8 or within 30 days thereafter 

in accordance with the applicable performance specification in appendix 

B of this part, The owner or operator of an affected facility shall 

conduct COMS or CEMS performance evaluations at such other times as may 

be required by the Administrator under section 114 of the Act.

    (1) The owner or operator of an affected facility using a COMS to 

determine opacity compliance during any performance test required under 

Sec. 60.8 and as described in Sec. 60.11(e)(5) shall furnish the 

Administrator two or, upon request, more copies of a written report of 

the results of the COMS performance evaluation described in paragraph 

(c) of this section at least 10 days before the performance test 

required under Sec. 60.8 is conducted.

    (2) Except as provided in paragraph (c)(1) of this section, the 

owner or operator of an affected facility shall furnish the 

Administrator within 60 days of completion two or, upon request, more 

copies of a written report of the results of the performance evaluation.

    (d)(1) Owners and operators of a CEMS installed in accordance with 

the provisions of this part, must automatically check the zero (or low 

level value between 0 and 20 percent of span value) and span (50 to 100 

percent of span value) calibration drifts at least once daily in 

accordance with a written procedure. The zero and span must, as a 

minimum, be adjusted whenever either the 24-hour zero drift or the 24-

hour span drift exceeds two times the limit of the applicable 

performance specification in appendix B of this part. The system must 

allow the amount of the excess zero and span drift to be recorded and 

quantified whenever specified. Owners and operators of a COMS installed 

in accordance with the provisions of this part, must automatically, 

intrinsic to the opacity monitor, check the zero and upscale (span) 

calibration drifts at least once daily. For a particular COMS, the 

acceptable range of zero and upscale calibration materials is as defined 

in the applicable version of PS-1 in appendix B of this part. For a 

COMS, the optical surfaces, exposed to the effluent gases, must be 

cleaned before performing the zero and upscale



[[Page 68]]



drift adjustments, except for systems using automatic zero adjustments. 

The optical surfaces must be cleaned when the cumulative automatic zero 

compensation exceeds 4 percent opacity.

    (2) Unless otherwise approved by the Administrator, the following 

procedures must be followed for a COMS. Minimum procedures must include 

an automated method for producing a simulated zero opacity condition and 

an upscale opacity condition using a certified neutral density filter or 

other related technique to produce a known obstruction of the light 

beam. Such procedures must provide a system check of all active analyzer 

internal optics with power or curvature, all active electronic circuitry 

including the light source and photodetector assembly, and electronic or 

electro-mechanical systems and hardware and or software used during 

normal measurement operation.

    (e) Except for system breakdowns, repairs, calibration checks, and 

zero and span adjustments required under paragraph (d) of this section, 

all continuous monitoring systems shall be in continuous operation and 

shall meet minimum frequency of operation requirements as follows:

    (1) All continuous monitoring systems referenced by paragraph (c) of 

this section for measuring opacity of emissions shall complete a minimum 

of one cycle of sampling and analyzing for each successive 10-second 

period and one cycle of data recording for each successive 6-minute 

period.

    (2) All continuous monitoring systems referenced by paragraph (c) of 

this section for measuring emissions, except opacity, shall complete a 

minimum of one cycle of operation (sampling, analyzing, and data 

recording) for each successive 15-minute period.

    (f) All continuous monitoring systems or monitoring devices shall be 

installed such that representative measurements of emissions or process 

parameters from the affected facility are obtained. Additional 

procedures for location of continuous monitoring systems contained in 

the applicable Performance Specifications of appendix B of this part 

shall be used.

    (g) When the effluents from a single affected facility or two or 

more affected facilities subject to the same emission standards are 

combined before being released to the atmosphere, the owner or operator 

may install applicable continuous monitoring systems on each effluent or 

on the combined effluent. When the affected facilities are not subject 

to the same emission standards, separate continuous monitoring systems 

shall be installed on each effluent. When the effluent from one affected 

facility is released to the atmosphere through more than one point, the 

owner or operator shall install an applicable continuous monitoring 

system on each separate effluent unless the installation of fewer 

systems is approved by the Administrator. When more than one continuous 

monitoring system is used to measure the emissions from one affected 

facility (e.g., multiple breechings, multiple outlets), the owner or 

operator shall report the results as required from each continuous 

monitoring system.

    (h) Owners or operators of all continuous monitoring systems for 

measurement of opacity shall reduce all data to 6-minute averages and 

for continuous monitoring systems other than opacity to 1-hour averages 

for time periods as defined in Sec. 60.2. Six-minute opacity averages 

shall be calculated from 36 or more data points equally spaced over each 

6-minute period. For continuous monitoring systems other than opacity, 

1-hour averages shall be computed from four or more data points equally 

spaced over each 1-hour period. Data recorded during periods of 

continuous system breakdown, repair, calibration checks, and zero and 

span adjustments shall not be included in the data averages computed 

under this paragraph. For owners and operators complying with the 

requirements in Sec. 60.7(f) (1) or (2), data averages must include any 

data recorded during periods of monitor breakdown or malfunction. An 

arithmetic or integrated average of all data may be used. The data may 

be recorded in reduced or nonreduced form (e.g., ppm pollutant and 

percent O2 or ng/J of pollutant). All excess emissions shall 

be converted into units of the standard using the applicable conversion 

procedures specified in subparts. After conversion into units of the 

standard, the data may be rounded to



[[Page 69]]



the same number of significant digits as used in the applicable subparts 

to specify the emission limit (e.g., rounded to the nearest 1 percent 

opacity).

    (i) After receipt and consideration of written application, the 

Administrator may approve alternatives to any monitoring procedures or 

requirements of this part including, but not limited to the following:

    (1) Alternative monitoring requirements when installation of a 

continuous monitoring system or monitoring device specified by this part 

would not provide accurate measurements due to liquid water or other 

interferences caused by substances in the effluent gases.

    (2) Alternative monitoring requirements when the affected facility 

is infrequently operated.

    (3) Alternative monitoring requirements to accommodate continuous 

monitoring systems that require additional measurements to correct for 

stack moisture conditions.

    (4) Alternative locations for installing continuous monitoring 

systems or monitoring devices when the owner or operator can demonstrate 

that installation at alternate locations will enable accurate and 

representative measurements.

    (5) Alternative methods of converting pollutant concentration 

measurements to units of the standards.

    (6) Alternative procedures for performing daily checks of zero and 

span drift that do not involve use of span gases or test cells.

    (7) Alternatives to the A.S.T.M. test methods or sampling procedures 

specified by any subpart.

    (8) Alternative continuous monitoring systems that do not meet the 

design or performance requirements in Performance Specification 1, 

appendix B, but adequately demonstrate a definite and consistent 

relationship between its measurements and the measurements of opacity by 

a system complying with the requirements in Performance Specification 1. 

The Administrator may require that such demonstration be performed for 

each affected facility.

    (9) Alternative monitoring requirements when the effluent from a 

single affected facility or the combined effluent from two or more 

affected facilities is released to the atmosphere through more than one 

point.

    (j) An alternative to the relative accuracy (RA) test specified in 

Performance Specification 2 of appendix B may be requested as follows:

    (1) An alternative to the reference method tests for determining RA 

is available for sources with emission rates demonstrated to be less 

than 50 percent of the applicable standard. A source owner or operator 

may petition the Administrator to waive the RA test in Section 8.4 of 

Performance Specification 2 and substitute the procedures in Section 

16.0 if the results of a performance test conducted according to the 

requirements in Sec. 60.8 of this subpart or other tests performed 

following the criteria in Sec. 60.8 demonstrate that the emission rate 

of the pollutant of interest in the units of the applicable standard is 

less than 50 percent of the applicable standard. For sources subject to 

standards expressed as control efficiency levels, a source owner or 

operator may petition the Administrator to waive the RA test and 

substitute the procedures in Section 16.0 of Performance Specification 2 

if the control device exhaust emission rate is less than 50 percent of 

the level needed to meet the control efficiency requirement. The 

alternative procedures do not apply if the continuous emission 

monitoring system is used to determine compliance continuously with the 

applicable standard. The petition to waive the RA test shall include a 

detailed description of the procedures to be applied. Included shall be 

location and procedure for conducting the alternative, the concentration 

or response levels of the alternative RA materials, and the other 

equipment checks included in the alternative procedure. The 

Administrator will review the petition for completeness and 

applicability. The determination to grant a waiver will depend on the 

intended use of the CEMS data (e.g., data collection purposes other than 

NSPS) and may require specifications more stringent than in Performance 

Specification 2 (e.g., the applicable emission limit is more stringent 

than NSPS).

    (2) The waiver of a CEMS RA test will be reviewed and may be 

rescinded



[[Page 70]]



at such time, following successful completion of the alternative RA 

procedure, that the CEMS data indicate that the source emissions are 

approaching the level. The criterion for reviewing the waiver is the 

collection of CEMS data showing that emissions have exceeded 70 percent 

of the applicable standard for seven, consecutive, averaging periods as 

specified by the applicable regulation(s). For sources subject to 

standards expressed as control efficiency levels, the criterion for 

reviewing the waiver is the collection of CEMS data showing that exhaust 

emissions have exceeded 70 percent of the level needed to meet the 

control efficiency requirement for seven, consecutive, averaging periods 

as specified by the applicable regulation(s) [e.g., Sec. 60.45(g) (2) 

and (3), Sec. 60.73(e), and Sec. 60.84(e)]. It is the responsibility 

of the source operator to maintain records and determine the level of 

emissions relative to the criterion on the waiver of RA testing. If this 

criterion is exceeded, the owner or operator must notify the 

Administrator within 10 days of such occurrence and include a 

description of the nature and cause of the increasing emissions. The 

Administrator will review the notification and may rescind the waiver 

and require the owner or operator to conduct a RA test of the CEMS as 

specified in Section 8.4 of Performance Specification 2.



[40 FR 46255, Oct. 6, 1975; 40 FR 59205, Dec. 22, 1975, as amended at 41 

FR 35185, Aug. 20, 1976; 48 FR 13326, Mar. 30, 1983; 48 FR 23610, May 

25, 1983; 48 FR 32986, July 20, 1983; 52 FR 9782, Mar. 26, 1987; 52 FR 

17555, May 11, 1987; 52 FR 21007, June 4, 1987; 64 FR 7463, Feb. 12, 

1999; 65 FR 48920, Aug. 10, 2000; 65 FR 61749, Oct. 17, 2000; 66 FR 

44980, Aug. 27, 2001]



    Editorial Note: At 65 FR 61749, Oct. 17, 2000, Sec. 60.13 was 

amended by revising the words ``ng/J of pollutant'' to read ``ng of 

pollutant per J of heat input'' in the sixth sentence of paragraph (h). 

However, the amendment could not be incorporated because the words ``ng/

J of pollutant'' do not exist in the sixth sentence of paragraph (h).