[Code of Federal Regulations] [Title 45, Volume 3] [Revised as of October 1, 2005] From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access [CITE: 45CFR670.17] [Page 217] TITLE 45--PUBLIC WELFARE CHAPTER VI--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION PART 670_CONSERVATION OF ANTARCTIC ANIMALS AND PLANTS--Table of Contents Subpart D_Native Mammals, Birds, Plants, and Invertebrates Sec. 670.17 Specific issuance criteria. With the exception of specially protected species of mammals, birds, and plants designated in subpart E of this part, permits to engage in a taking or harmful interference: (a) May be issued only for the purpose of providing-- (1) Specimens for scientific study or scientific information; or (2) Specimens for museums, zoological gardens, or other educational or cultural institutions or uses; or (3) For unavoidable consequences of scientific activities or the construction and operation of scientific support facilities; and (b) Shall ensure, as far as possible, that-- (1) No more native mammals, birds, or plants are taken than are necessary to meet the purposes set forth in paragraph (a) of this section; (2) No more native mammals or native birds are taken in any year than can normally be replaced by net natural reproduction in the following breeding season; (3) The variety of species and the balance of the natural ecological systems within Antarctica are maintained; and (4) The authorized taking, transporting, carrying, or shipping of any native mammal or bird is carried out in a humane manner.