[Code of Federal Regulations] [Title 14, Volume 2] [Revised as of January 1, 2006] From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access [CITE: 14CFR135.1] [Page 735-739] TITLE 14--AERONAUTICS AND SPACE CHAPTER I--FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (CONTINUED) PART 135_OPERATING REQUIREMENTS: COMMUTER AND ON DEMAND OPERATIONS AND RULES GOVERNING PERSONS ON BOARD SUCH AIRCRAFT--Table of Contents Subpart A_General Sec. 135.1 Applicability. Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 36 [Note] Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 50-2 [Note] Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 71 [Note] Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 78 [Note] Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 89 [Note] Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 93 [Note] Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97 [Note] Subpart A_General Sec. 135.1 Applicability. 135.2 Compliance schedule for operators that transition to part 121 of this chapter; certain new entrant operators. 135.3 Rules applicable to operations subject to this part. 135.4 Applicability of rules for eligible on-demand operations. 135.7 Applicability of rules to unauthorized operators. 135.12 Previously trained crewmembers. 135.19 Emergency operations. 135.21 Manual requirements. 135.23 Manual contents. 135.25 Aircraft requirements. 135.41 Carriage of narcotic drugs, marihuana, and depressant or stimulant drugs or substances. 135.43 Crewmember certificates: International operations. Subpart B_Flight Operations 135.61 General. 135.63 Recordkeeping requirements. 135.64 Retention of contracts and amendments: Commercial operators who conduct intrastate operations for compensation or hire. 135.65 Reporting mechanical irregularities. 135.67 Reporting potentially hazardous meteorological conditions and irregularities of communications or navigation facilities. 135.69 Restriction or suspension of operations: Continuation of flight in an emergency. 135.71 Airworthiness check. 135.73 Inspections and tests. 135.75 Inspectors credentials: Admission to pilots' compartment: Forward observer's seat. 135.76 DOD Commercial Air Carrier Evaluator's Credentials: Admission to pilots compartment: Forward observer's seat. 135.77 Responsibility for operational control. 135.79 Flight locating requirements. 135.81 Informing personnel of operational information and appropriate changes. 135.83 Operating information required. 135.85 Carriage of persons without compliance with the passenger- carrying provisions of this part. 135.87 Carriage of cargo including carry-on baggage. 135.89 Pilot requirements: Use of oxygen. 135.91 Oxygen for medical use by passengers. 135.93 Autopilot: Minimum altitudes for use. 135.95 Airmen: Limitations on use of services. 135.97 Aircraft and facilities for recent flight experience. 135.99 Composition of flight crew. 135.100 Flight crewmember duties. 135.101 Second in command required under IFR. 135.103 [Reserved] 135.105 Exception to second in command requirement: Approval for use of autopilot system. 135.107 Flight attendant crewmember requirement. 135.109 Pilot in command or second in command: Designation required. 135.111 Second in command required in Category II operations. 135.113 Passenger occupancy of pilot seat. 135.115 Manipulation of controls. 135.117 Briefing of passengers before flight. 135.119 Prohibition against carriage of weapons. 135.120 Prohibition on interference with crewmembers. 135.121 Alcoholic beverages. 135.122 Stowage of food, beverage, and passenger service equipment during aircraft movement on the surface, takeoff, and landing. 135.123 Emergency and emergency evacuation duties. 135.125 Aircraft security. 135.127 Passenger information requirements and smoking prohibitions. 135.128 Use of safety belts and child restraint systems. 135.129 Exit seating. [[Page 736]] Subpart C_Aircraft and Equipment 135.141 Applicability. 135.143 General requirements. 135.144 Portable electronic devices. 135.145 Aircraft proving and validation tests. 135.147 Dual controls required. 135.149 Equipment requirements: General. 135.150 Public address and crewmember interphone systems. 135.151 Cockpit voice recorders. 135.152 Flight recorders. 135.153 Ground proximity warning system. 135.154 Terrain awareness and warning system. 135.155 Fire extinguishers: Passenger-carrying aircraft. 135.157 Oxygen equipment requirements. 135.158 Pitot heat indication systems. 135.159 Equipment requirements: Carrying passengers under VFR at night or under VFR over-the-top conditions. 135.161 Radio and navigational equipment: Carrying passengers under VFR at night or under VFR over-the-top. 135.163 Equipment requirements: Aircraft carrying passengers under IFR. 135.165 Radio and navigational equipment: Extended overwater or IFR operations. 135.167 Emergency equipment: Extended overwater operations. 135.168 [Reserved] 135.169 Additional airworthiness requirements. 135.170 Materials for compartment interiors. 135.171 Shoulder harness installation at flight crewmember stations. 135.173 Airborne thunderstorm detection equipment requirements. 135.175 Airborne weather radar equipment requirements. 135.177 Emergency equipment requirements for aircraft having a passenger seating configuration of more than 19 passengers. 135.178 Additional emergency equipment. 135.179 Inoperable instruments and equipment. 135.180 Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System. 135.181 Performance requirements: Aircraft operated over-the-top or in IFR conditions. 135.183 Performance requirements: Land aircraft operated over water. 135.185 Empty weight and center of gravity: Currency requirement. Subpart D_VFR/IFR Operating Limitations and Weather Requirements 135.201 Applicability. 135.203 VFR: Minimum altitudes. 135.205 VFR: Visibility requirements. 135.207 VFR: Helicopter surface reference requirements. 135.209 VFR: Fuel supply. 135.211 VFR: Over-the-top carrying passengers: Operating limitations. 135.213 Weather reports and forecasts. 135.215 IFR: Operating limitations. 135.217 IFR: Takeoff limitations. 135.219 IFR: Destination airport weather minimums. 135.221 IFR: Alternate airport weather minimums. 135.223 IFR: Alternate airport requirements. 135.225 IFR: Takeoff, approach and landing minimums. 135.227 Icing conditions: Operating limitations. 135.229 Airport requirements. Subpart E_Flight Crewmember Requirements 135.241 Applicability. 135.243 Pilot in command qualifications. 135.244 Operating experience. 135.245 Second in command qualifications. 135.247 Pilot qualifications: Recent experience. 135.249 Use of prohibited drugs. 135.251 Testing for prohibited drugs. 135.253 Misuse of alcohol. 135.255 Testing for alcohol. Subpart F_Crewmember Flight Time and Duty Period Limitations and Rest Requirements 135.261 Applicability. 135.263 Flight time limitations and rest requirements: All certificate holders. 135.265 Flight time limitations and rest requirements: Scheduled operations. 135.267 Flight time limitations and rest requirements: Unscheduled one- and two-pilot crews. 135.269 Flight time limitations and rest requirements: Unscheduled three- and four-pilot crews. 135.271 Helicopter hospital emergency medical evacuation service (HEMES). 135.273 Duty period limitations and rest time requirements. Subpart G_Crewmember Testing Requirements 135.291 Applicability. 135.293 Initial and recurrent pilot testing requirements. 135.295 Initial and recurrent flight attendant crewmember testing requirements. 135.297 Pilot in command: Instrument proficiency check requirements. 135.299 Pilot in command: Line checks: Routes and airports. 135.301 Crewmember: Tests and checks, grace provisions, training to accepted standards. [[Page 737]] Subpart H_Training 135.321 Applicability and terms used. 135.323 Training program: General. 135.324 Training program: Special rules. 135.325 Training program and revision: Initial and final approval. 135.327 Training program: Curriculum. 135.329 Crewmember training requirements. 135.331 Crewmember emergency training. 135.335 Approval of aircraft simulators and other training devices. 135.337 Qualifications: Check airmen (aircraft) and check airmen (simulator). 135.338 Qualifications: Flight instructors (aircraft) and flight instructors (simulator). 135.339 Initial and transition training and checking: Check airmen (aircraft), check airmen (simulator). 135.340 Initial and transition training and checking: Flight instructors (aircraft), flight instructors (simulator). 135.341 Pilot and flight attendant crewmember training programs. 135.343 Crewmember initial and recurrent training requirements. 135.345 Pilots: Initial, transition, and upgrade ground training. 135.347 Pilots: Initial, transition, upgrade, and differences flight training. 135.349 Flight attendants: Initial and transition ground training. 135.351 Recurrent training. 135.353 Prohibited drugs. Subpart I_Airplane Performance Operating Limitations 135.361 Applicability. 135.363 General. 135.365 Large transport category airplanes: Reciprocating engine powered: Weight limitations. 135.367 Large transport category airplanes: Reciprocating engine powered: Takeoff limitations. 135.369 Large transport category airplanes: Reciprocating engine powered: En route limitations: All engines operating. 135.371 Large transport category airplanes: Reciprocating engine powered: En route limitations: One engine inoperative. 135.373 Part 25 transport category airplanes with four or more engines: Reciprocating engine powered: En route limitations: Two engines inoperative. 135.375 Large transport category airplanes: Reciprocating engine powered: Landing limitations: Destination airports. 135.377 Large transport category airplanes: Reciprocating engine powered: Landing limitations: Alternate airports. 135.379 Large transport category airplanes: Turbine engine powered: Takeoff limitations. 135.381 Large transport category airplanes: Turbine engine powered: En route limitations: One engine inoperative. 135.383 Large transport category airplanes: Turbine engine powered: En route limitations: Two engines inoperative. 135.385 Large transport category airplanes: Turbine engine powered: Landing limitations: Destination airports. 135.387 Large transport category airplanes: Turbine engine powered: Landing limitations: Alternate airports. 135.389 Large nontransport category airplanes: Takeoff limitations. 135.391 Large nontransport category airplanes: En route limitations: One engine inoperative. 135.393 Large nontransport category airplanes: Landing limitations: Destination airports. 135.395 Large nontransport category airplanes: Landing limitations: Alternate airports. 135.397 Small transport category airplane performance operating limitations. 135.398 Commuter category airplanes performance operating limitations. 135.399 Small nontransport category airplane performance operating limitations. Subpart J_Maintenance, Preventive Maintenance, and Alterations 135.411 Applicability. 135.413 Responsibility for airworthiness. 135.415 Mechanical reliability reports. 135.416 Service difficulty reports (structural). 135.417 Mechanical interruption summary report. 135.419 Approved aircraft inspection program. 135.421 Additional maintenance requirements. 135.422 Aging airplane inspections and records reviews for multiengine airplanes certificated with nine or fewer passenger seats. 135.423 Maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alteration organization. 135.425 Maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alteration programs. 135.427 Manual requirements. 135.429 Required inspection personnel. 135.431 Continuing analysis and surveillance. 135.433 Maintenance and preventive maintenance training program. 135.435 Certificate requirements. 135.437 Authority to perform and approve maintenance, preventive maintenance, and alterations. 135.439 Maintenance recording requirements. 135.441 Transfer of maintenance records. 135.443 Airworthiness release or aircraft maintenance log entry. [[Page 738]] Subpart K_Hazardous Materials Training Program 135.501 Applicability and definitions. 135.503 Hazardous materials training: General. 135.505 Hazardous materials training required. 135.507 Hazardous materials training records. Appendix A to Part 135--Additional Airworthiness Standards for 10 or More Passenger Airplanes Appendix B to Part 135--Airplane Flight Recorder Specifications Appendix C to Part 135--Helicopter Flight Recorder Specifications Appendix D to Part 135--Airplane Flight Recorder Specification Appendix E to Part 135--Helicopter Flight Recorder Specifications Appendix F to Part 135--Airplane Flight Recorder Specifications Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 41706, 44113, 44701-44702, 44705, 44709, 44711-44713, 44715-44717, 44722. Source: Docket No. 16097, 43 FR 46783, Oct. 10, 1978, unless otherwise noted. Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 36 Editorial Note: For the text of SFAR No. 36, see part 121 of this chapter. Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 50-2 Editorial Note: For the text of SFAR No. 50-2, see part 91 of this chapter. Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 71 Editorial Note: For the text of SFAR No. 71, see part 91 of this chapter. Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 78 Editorial Note: For the text of SFAR No. 78, see part 91 of this chapter. Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 89 Editorial Note: For the text of SFAR No. 89, see part 121 of this chapter. Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 93 Editorial Note: For the text of SFAR No. 93, see part 61 of this chapter. Special Federal Aviation Regulation No. 97 Editorial Note: For the text of SFAR No. 97, see part 91 of this chapter. (a) This part prescribes rules governing-- (1) The commuter or on-demand operations of each person who holds or is required to hold an Air Carrier Certificate or Operating Certificate under part 119 of this chapter. (2) Each person employed or used by a certificate holder conducting operations under this part including the maintenance, preventative maintenance and alteration of an aircraft. (3) The transportation of mail by aircraft conducted under a postal service contract awarded under 39 U.S.C. 5402c. (4) Each person who applies for provisional approval of an Advanced Qualification Program curriculum, curriculum segment, or portion of a curriculum segment under subpart Y of part 121 of this chapter of 14 CFR part 121 and each person employed or used by an air carrier or commercial operator under this part to perform training, qualification, or evaluation functions under an Advanced Qualification Program under subpart Y of part 121 of this chapter of 14 CFR part 121. (5) Nonstop sightseeing flights for compensation or hire that begin and end at the same airport, and are conducted within a 25 statute mile radius of that airport; however, except for operations subject to SFAR 50-2, these operations, when conducted for compensation or hire, must comply only with Sec. Sec. 135.249, 135.251, 135.253, 135.255, and 135.353. (6) Each person who is on board an aircraft being operated under this part. (7) Each person who is an applicant for an Air Carrier Certificate or an Operating Certificate under 119 of this chapter, when conducting proving tests. (b) [Reserved] (c) For the purpose of Sec. Sec. 135.249, 135.251, 135.253, 135.255, and 135.353, operator means any person or entity conducting non-stop sightseeing flights for [[Page 739]] compensation or hire in an airplane or rotorcraft that begin and end at the same airport and are conducted within a 25 statute mile radius of that airport. (d) Notwithstanding the provisions of this part and appendices I and J to part 121 of this chapter, an operator who does not hold a part 121 or part 135 certificate is permitted to use a person who is otherwise authorized to perform aircraft maintenance or preventive maintenance duties and who is not subject to FAA-approved anti-drug and alcohol misuse prevention programs to perform-- (1) Aircraft maintenance or preventive maintenance on the operator's aircraft if the operator would otherwise be required to transport the aircraft more than 50 nautical miles further than the repair point closest to operator's principal place of operation to obtain these services; or (2) Emergency repairs on the operator's aircraft if the aircraft cannot be safely operated to a location where an employee subject to FAA-approved programs can perform the repairs. [Doc. No. 16097, 43 FR 46783, Oct. 10, 1978, as amended by Amdt. 135-5, 45 FR 43162, June 26, 1980; Amdt. 135-7, 45 FR 67235, Oct. 9, 1980; Amdt. 135-20, 51 FR 40709, Nov. 7, 1986; Amdt. 135-28, 53 FR 47060, Nov. 21, 1988; Amdt. 135-32, 54 FR 34332, Aug. 18, 1989; Amdt. 135-37, 55 FR 40278, Oct. 2, 1990; Amdt. 135-48, 59 FR 7396, Feb. 15, 1994; Amdt. 135- 58, 60 FR 65938, Dec. 20, 1995; Amdt. 135-99, 70 FR 54819, Sept. 16, 2005]