[Code of Federal Regulations]

[Title 14, Volume 1]

[Revised as of January 1, 2006]

From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access

[CITE: 14CFR23.143]



[Page 192]

 

                     TITLE 14--AERONAUTICS AND SPACE

 

CHAPTER I--FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

 

PART 23_AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND 

COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES--Table of Contents

 

                            Subpart B_Flight

 

Sec. 23.143  General.



    (a) The airplane must be safely controllable and maneuverable during 

all flight phases including--

    (1) Takeoff;

    (2) Climb;

    (3) Level flight;

    (4) Descent;

    (5) Go-around; and

    (6) Landing (power on and power off) with the wing flaps extended 

and retracted.

    (b) It must be possible to make a smooth transition from one flight 

condition to another (including turns and slips) without danger of 

exceeding the limit load factor, under any probable operating condition 

(including, for multiengine airplanes, those conditions normally 

encountered in the sudden failure of any engine).

    (c) If marginal conditions exist with regard to required pilot 

strength, the control forces necessary must be determined by 

quantitative tests. In no case may the control forces under the 

conditions specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section exceed 

those prescribed in the following table:



------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Values in pounds force applied to the

               relevant control                 Pitch     Roll     Yaw

------------------------------------------------------------------------

(a) For temporary application:

  Stick......................................       60       30  .......

  Wheel (Two hands on rim)...................       75       50  .......

  Wheel (One hand on rim)....................       50       25  .......

  Rudder Pedal...............................  .......  .......      150

(b) For prolonged application................       10        5       20

------------------------------------------------------------------------





[Doc. No, 4080, 29 FR 17955, Dec. 18, 1964, as amended by Amdt. 23-14, 

38 FR 31819, Nov. 19, 1973; Amdt. 23-17, 41 FR 55464, Dec. 20, 1976; 

Amdt. 23-45, 58 FR 42156, Aug. 6, 1993; Amdt. 23-50, 61 FR 5188, Feb. 9, 

1996]