[Code of Federal Regulations]

[Title 14, Volume 1]

[Revised as of January 1, 2006]

From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access

[CITE: 14CFR23.45]



[Page 183-184]

 

                     TITLE 14--AERONAUTICS AND SPACE

 

CHAPTER I--FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

 

PART 23_AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND 

COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES--Table of Contents

 

                            Subpart B_Flight

 

Sec. 23.45  General.



    (a) Unless otherwise prescribed, the performance requirements of 

this part must be met for--



[[Page 184]]



    (1) Still air and standard atmosphere; and

    (2) Ambient atmospheric conditions, for commuter category airplanes, 

for reciprocating engine-powered airplanes of more than 6,000 pounds 

maximum weight, and for turbine engine-powered airplanes.

    (b) Performance data must be determined over not less than the 

following ranges of conditions--

    (1) Airport altitudes from sea level to 10,000 feet; and

    (2) For reciprocating engine-powered airplanes of 6,000 pounds, or 

less, maximum weight, temperature from standard to 30 [deg]C above 

standard; or

    (3) For reciprocating engine-powered airplanes of more than 6,000 

pounds maximum weight and turbine engine-powered airplanes, temperature 

from standard to 30 [deg]C above standard, or the maximum ambient 

atmospheric temperature at which compliance with the cooling provisions 

of Sec. 23.1041 to Sec. 23.1047 is shown, if lower.

    (c) Performance data must be determined with the cowl flaps or other 

means for controlling the engine cooling air supply in the position used 

in the cooling tests required by Sec. 23.1041 to Sec. 23.1047.

    (d) The available propulsive thrust must correspond to engine power, 

not exceeding the approved power, less--

    (1) Installation losses; and

    (2) The power absorbed by the accessories and services appropriate 

to the particular ambient atmospheric conditions and the particular 

flight condition.

    (e) The performance, as affected by engine power or thrust, must be 

based on a relative humidity:

    (1) Of 80 percent at and below standard temperature; and

    (2) From 80 percent, at the standard temperature, varying linearly 

down to 34 percent at the standard temperature plus 50 [deg]F.

    (f) Unless otherwise prescribed, in determining the takeoff and 

landing distances, changes in the airplane's configuration, speed, and 

power must be made in accordance with procedures established by the 

applicant for operation in service. These procedures must be able to be 

executed consistently by pilots of average skill in atmospheric 

conditions reasonably expected to be encountered in service.

    (g) The following, as applicable, must be determined on a smooth, 

dry, hard-surfaced runway--

    (1) Takeoff distance of Sec. 23.53(b);

    (2) Accelerate-stop distance of Sec. 23.55;

    (3) Takeoff distance and takeoff run of Sec. 23.59; and

    (4) Landing distance of Sec. 23.75.

    Note: The effect on these distances of operation on other types of 

surfaces (for example, grass, gravel) when dry, may be determined or 

derived and these surfaces listed in the Airplane Flight Manual in 

accordance with Sec. 23.1583(p).

    (h) For commuter category airplanes, the following also apply:

    (1) Unless otherwise prescribed, the applicant must select the 

takeoff, enroute, approach, and landing configurations for the airplane.

    (2) The airplane configuration may vary with weight, altitude, and 

temperature, to the extent that they are compatible with the operating 

procedures required by paragraph (h)(3) of this section.

    (3) Unless otherwise prescribed, in determining the critical-engine-

inoperative takeoff performance, takeoff flight path, and accelerate-

stop distance, changes in the airplane's configuration, speed, and power 

must be made in accordance with procedures established by the applicant 

for operation in service.

    (4) Procedures for the execution of discontinued approaches and 

balked landings associated with the conditions prescribed in Sec. 

23.67(c)(4) and Sec. 23.77(c) must be established.

    (5) The procedures established under paragraphs (h)(3) and (h)(4) of 

this section must--

    (i) Be able to be consistently executed by a crew of average skill 

in atmospheric conditions reasonably expected to be encountered in 

service;

    (ii) Use methods or devices that are safe and reliable; and

    (iii) Include allowance for any reasonably expected time delays in 

the execution of the procedures.



[Doc. No. 27807, 61 FR 5184, Feb. 9, 1996]