[Code of Federal Regulations]

[Title 40, Volume 31]

[Revised as of July 1, 2006]

From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access

[CITE: 40CFR1065.130]



[Page 687-689]

 

                   TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT

 

         CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)

 

PART 1065_ENGINE-TESTING PROCEDURES--Table of Contents

 

                   Subpart B_Equipment Specifications

 

Sec.  1065.130  Engine exhaust.



    (a) General. Use the exhaust system installed with the engine or one 

that represents a typical in-use configuration. This includes any 

applicable aftertreatment devices.

    (b) Aftertreatment configuration. If you do not use the exhaust 

system installed with the engine, configure any aftertreatment devices 

as follows:

    (1) Position any aftertreatment device so its distance from the 

nearest exhaust manifold flange or turbocharger outlet is within the 

range specified by the engine manufacturer in the application for 

certification. If this distance is not specified, position 

aftertreatment devices to represent typical in-use vehicle 

configurations.



[[Page 688]]



    (2) You may use laboratory exhaust tubing upstream of any 

aftertreatment device that is of diameter(s) typical of in-use 

configurations. If you use laboratory exhaust tubing upstream of any 

aftertreatment device, position each aftertreatment device according to 

paragraph (b)(1) of this section.

    (c) Sampling system connections. Connect an engine's exhaust system 

to any raw sampling location or dilution stage, as follows:

    (1) Minimize laboratory exhaust tubing lengths and use a total 

length of laboratory tubing of no more than 10 m or 50 outside 

diameters, whichever is greater. If laboratory exhaust tubing consists 

of several different outside tubing diameters, count the number of 

diameters of length of each individual diameter, then sum all the 

diameters to determine the total length of exhaust tubing in diameters. 

Use the mean outside diameter of any converging or diverging sections of 

tubing. Use outside hydraulic diameters of any noncircular sections.

    (2) You may install short sections of flexible laboratory exhaust 

tubing at any location in the engine or laboratory exhaust systems. You 

may use up to a combined total of 2 m or 10 outside diameters of 

flexible exhaust tubing.

    (3) Insulate any laboratory exhaust tubing downstream of the first 

25 outside diameters of length.

    (4) Use laboratory exhaust tubing materials that are smooth-walled, 

electrically conductive, and not reactive with exhaust constituents. 

Stainless steel is an acceptable material.

    (5) We recommend that you use laboratory exhaust tubing that has 

either a wall thickness of less than 2 mm or is air gap-insulated to 

minimize temperature differences between the wall and the exhaust.

    (d) In-line instruments. You may insert instruments into the 

laboratory exhaust tubing, such as an in-line smoke meter. If you do 

this, you may leave a length of up to 5 outside diameters of laboratory 

exhaust tubing uninsulated on each side of each instrument, but you must 

leave a length of no more than 25 outside diameters of laboratory 

exhaust tubing uninsulated in total, including any lengths adjacent to 

in-line instruments.

    (e) Grounding. Electrically ground the entire exhaust system.

    (f) Forced cooldown. You may install a forced cooldown system for an 

exhaust aftertreatment device according to Sec.  1065.530(a)(1)(i).

    (g) Exhaust restriction. Use an exhaust restriction that represents 

the performance of production engines. Make sure the exhaust restriction 

set point is either (80 to 100) % of the maximum exhaust restriction 

specified by the manufacturer; or if the maximum is 5 kPa or less, make 

sure the set point is no less than 1.0 kPa from the maximum. For 

example, if the maximum back pressure is 4.5 kPa, do not use an exhaust 

restriction set point that is less than 3.5 kPa. Measure and set this 

pressure at the location and at the speed, torque and aftertreatment set 

points specified by the manufacturer. As the manufacturer, you are 

liable for emission compliance for all values up to the maximum 

restriction you specify for a particular engine.

    (h) Open crankcase emissions. If the standard-setting part requires 

measuring open crankcase emissions, you may either measure open 

crankcase emissions separately using a method that we approve in 

advance, or route open crankcase emissions directly into the exhaust 

system for emission measurement as follows:

    (1) Use laboratory tubing materials that are smooth-walled, 

electrically conductive, and not reactive with crankcase emissions. 

Stainless steel is an acceptable material.

    Minimize tube lengths. We also recommend using heated or thin-walled 

or air gap-insulated tubing to minimize temperature differences between 

the wall and the crankcase emission constituents.

    (2) Minimize the number of bends in the laboratory crankcase tubing 

and maximize the radius of any unavoidable bend.

    (3) Use laboratory crankcase exhaust tubing that meets the engine 

manufacturer's specifications for crankcase back pressure.

    (4) Connect the crankcase exhaust tubing into the raw exhaust 

downstream of any aftertreatment system, downstream of any installed 

exhaust restriction, and sufficiently upstream



[[Page 689]]



of any sample probes to ensure complete mixing with the engine's exhaust 

before sampling. Extend the crankcase exhaust tube into the free stream 

of exhaust to avoid boundary-layer effects and to promote mixing. You 

may orient the crankcase exhaust tube's outlet in any direction relative 

to the raw exhaust flow.