[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 31]
[Revised as of July 1, 2006]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR1065.308]
[Page 716-718]
TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
PART 1065_ENGINE-TESTING PROCEDURES--Table of Contents
Subpart D_Calibrations and Verifications
Sec. 1065.308 Continuous gas analyzer system-response and
updating-recording verification.
(a) Scope and frequency. Perform this verification after installing
or replacing a gas analyzer that you use for continuous sampling. Also
perform this verification if you reconfigure your system in a way that
would change system response. For example, perform
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this verification if you add a significant volume to the transfer lines
by increasing their length or adding a filter; or if you change the
frequency at which you sample and record gas-analyzer concentrations.
(b) Measurement principles. This test verifies that the updating and
recording frequencies match the overall system response to a rapid
change in the value of concentrations at the sample probe. Gas analyzer
systems must be optimized such that their overall response to a rapid
change in concentration is updated and recorded at an appropriate
frequency to prevent loss of information.
(c) System requirements. To demonstrate acceptable updating and
recording with respect to the system's overall response, use good
engineering judgment to select one of the following criteria that your
system must meet:
(1) The product of the mean rise time and the frequency at which the
system records an updated concentration must be at least 5, and the
product of the mean fall time and the frequency at which the system
records an updated concentration must be at least 5. This criteria makes
no assumption regarding the frequency content of changes in emission
concentrations during emission testing; therefore, it is valid for any
testing.
(2) The frequency at which the system records an updated
concentration must be at least 5 Hz. This criteria assumes that the
frequency content of significant changes in emission concentrations
during emission testing do not exceed 1 Hz.
(3) You may use other criteria if we approve the criteria in
advance.
(4) For PEMS, you do not have to meet this criteria if your PEMS
meets the overall PEMS check in Sec. 1065.920.
(d) Procedure. Use the following procedure to verify the response of
a continuous gas analyzer system:
(1) Instrument setup. Follow the analyzer system manufacturer's
start-up and operating instructions. Adjust the system as needed to
optimize performance.
(2) Equipment setup. Using minimal gas transfer line lengths between
all connections, connect a zero-air source to one inlet of a fast-acting
3-way valve (2 inlets, 1 outlet). Using a gas divider, equally blend an
NO-CO-CO2-C3H8-CH4 (balance
N2) span gas with a span gas of NO2. Connect the
gas divider outlet to the other inlet of the 3-way valve. Connect the
valve outlet to an overflow at the gas analyzer system's probe or to an
overflow fitting between the probe and transfer line to all the
analyzers being verified.
(3) Data collection. (i) Switch the valve to flow zero gas.
(ii) Allow for stabilization, accounting for transport delays and
the slowest instrument's full response.
(iii) Start recording data at the frequency used during emission
testing. Each recorded value must be a unique updated concentration
measured by the analyzer; you may not use interpolation to increase the
number of recorded values.
(iv) Switch the valve to flow the blended span gases.
(v) Allow for transport delays and the slowest instrument's full
response.
(vi) Repeat the steps in paragraphs (d)(3)(i) through (v) of this
section to record seven full cycles, ending with zero gas flowing to the
analyzers.
(vii) Stop recording.
(e) Performance evaluation. (1) If you chose to demonstrate
compliance with paragraph (c)(1) of this section, use the data from
paragraph (d)(3) of this section to calculate the mean rise time,
T10-90, and mean fall time, T90-10, for each of
the analyzers. Multiply these times (in seconds) by their respective
recording frequencies in Hertz (1/second). The value for each result
must be at least 5. If the value is less than 5, increase the recording
frequency or adjust the flows or design of the sampling system to
increase the rise time and fall time as needed. You may also configure
digital filters to increase rise and fall times.
(2) If a measurement system fails the criterion in paragraph (e)(1)
of this section, ensure that signals from the system are updated and
recorded at a frequency of at least 5 Hz.
(3) If a measurement system fails the criteria in paragraphs (e)(1)
and (2) of this section, you may use the continuous analyzer system only
if the deficiency does not adversely affect your
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ability to show compliance with the applicable standards.