[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 49, Volume 2]
[Revised as of October 1, 2006]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 49CFR178.42]

[Page 844-845]
 
                        TITLE 49--TRANSPORTATION
 
   CHAPTER I--PIPELINE AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SAFETY ADMINISTRATION, 
                      DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
 
PART 178_SPECIFICATIONS FOR PACKAGINGS--Table of Contents
 
                 Subpart C_Specifications for Cylinders
 
Sec.  178.42  Specification 3E seamless steel cylinders.

    (a) Type, size, and service pressure. A DOT 3E cylinder is a 
seamless steel cylinder with an outside diameter not greater than 2 
inches nominal, a length less than 2 feet and a service pressure of 
1,800 psig.
    (b) Steel. Open-hearth or electric steel of uniform quality must be 
used. Content percent may not exceed the following: Carbon, 0.55; 
phosphorus, 0.045; sulphur, 0.050.
    (c) Identification of steel. Materials must be identified by any 
suitable method.
    (d) Manufacture. Cylinders must be manufactured by best appliances 
and methods. No defect is permitted that is likely to weaken the 
finished cylinder appreciably. A reasonably smooth and

[[Page 845]]

uniform surface finish is required. The thickness of the spun bottom is, 
under no condition, to be less than two times the minimum wall thickness 
of the cylindrical shell; such bottom thickness must be measured within 
an area bounded by a line representing the points of contact between the 
cylinder and floor when the cylinder is in a vertical position.
    (e) Openings in cylinders and connections (valves, fuse plugs, etc.) 
for those openings. Threads conforming to the following are required on 
openings.
    (1) Threads must be clean cut, even, without checks, and to gauge.
    (2) Taper threads, when used, must be of length not less than as 
specified for American Standard taper pipe threads.
    (3) Straight threads having at least 4 engaged threads are 
authorized. Straight threads must have a tight fit and a calculated 
shear strength of at least 10 times the test pressure of the cylinder. 
Gaskets, adequate to prevent leakage, are required.
    (f) Hydrostatic test. Cylinders must be tested as follows:
    (1) One cylinder out of each lot of 500 or less must be subjected to 
a hydrostatic pressure of 6,000 psig or higher.
    (2) The cylinder referred to in paragraph (f)(1) of this section 
must burst at a pressure higher than 6,000 psig without fragmenting or 
otherwise showing lack of ductility, or must hold a pressure of 12,000 
psig for 30 seconds without bursting. In which case, it must be 
subjected to a flattening test without cracking to six times wall 
thickness between knife edges, wedge shaped 60 degree angle, rounded out 
to a \1/2\ inch radius. The inspector's report must be suitably changed 
to show results of latter alternate and flattening test.
    (3) Other cylinders must be examined under pressure of at least 
3,000 psig and not to exceed 4,500 psig and show no defect. Cylinders 
tested at a pressure in excess of 3,600 psig must burst at a pressure 
higher than 7,500 psig when tested as specified in paragraph (f)(2) of 
this section. The pressure must be maintained for at least 30 seconds 
and sufficiently longer to ensure complete examination.
    (g) Leakage test. All spun cylinders and plugged cylinders must be 
tested for leakage by gas or air pressure after the bottom has been 
cleaned and is free from all moisture subject to the following 
conditions and limitations:
    (1) A pressure, approximately the same as but not less than the 
service pressure, must be applied to one side of the finished bottom 
over an area of at least \1/16\ of the total area of the bottom but not 
less than \3/4\ inch in diameter, including the closure, for at least 
one minute, during which time the other side of the bottom exposed to 
pressure must be covered with water and closely examined for indications 
of leakage. Accept as provided in paragraph (h) of this section, a 
cylinder must be rejected if there is any leakage.
    (2) A spun cylinder is one in which an end closure in the finished 
cylinder has been welded by the spinning process.
    (3) A plugged cylinder is one in which a permanent closure in the 
bottom of a finished cylinder has been effected by a plug.
    (4) As a safety precaution, if the manufacturer elects to make this 
test before the hydrostatic test, the manufacturer shall design the test 
apparatus so that the pressure is applied to the smallest area 
practicable, around the point of closure, and so as to use the smallest 
possible volume of air or gas.
    (h) Rejected cylinders. Reheat treatment is authorized for rejected 
cylinders. Subsequent thereto, cylinders must pass all prescribed tests 
to be acceptable. Repair by welding or spinning is not authorized. Spun 
cylinders rejected under the provisions of paragraph (g) of this section 
may be removed from the spun cylinder category by drilling to remove 
defective material, tapping and plugging.
    (i) Marking. Markings required by Sec.  178.35 must be stamped 
plainly and permanently on the shoulder, top head, neck or sidewall of 
each cylinder.

[Amdt. 178-114, 61 FR 25942, May 23, 1996, as amended by 66 FR 45386, 
Aug. 28, 2001]