[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 14, Volume 1]
[Revised as of January 1, 2007]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 14CFR23.2]

[Page 183-184]
 
                     TITLE 14--AERONAUTICS AND SPACE
 
CHAPTER I--FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
 
PART 23_AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: NORMAL, UTILITY, ACROBATIC, AND 
COMMUTER CATEGORY AIRPLANES--Table of Contents
 
                            Subpart A_General
 
Sec.  23.2  Special retroactive requirements.

    (a) Notwithstanding Sec.  Sec.  21.17 and 21.101 of this chapter and 
irrespective of the type certification basis, each normal, utility, and 
acrobatic category airplane having a passenger seating configuration, 
excluding pilot seats, of

[[Page 184]]

nine or less, manufactured after December 12, 1986, or any such foreign 
airplane for entry into the United States must provide a safety belt and 
shoulder harness for each forward- or aft-facing seat which will protect 
the occupant from serious head injury when subjected to the inertia 
loads resulting from the ultimate static load factors prescribed in 
Sec.  23.561(b)(2) of this part, or which will provide the occupant 
protection specified in Sec.  23.562 of this part when that section is 
applicable to the airplane. For other seat orientations, the seat/
restraint system must be designed to provide a level of occupant 
protection equivalent to that provided for forward- or aft-facing seats 
with a safety belt and shoulder harness installed.
    (b) Each shoulder harness installed at a flight crewmember station, 
as required by this section, must allow the crewmember, when seated with 
the safety belt and shoulder harness fastened, to perform all functions 
necessary for flight operations.
    (c) For the purpose of this section, the date of manufacture is:
    (1) The date the inspection acceptance records, or equivalent, 
reflect that the airplane is complete and meets the FAA approved type 
design data; or
    (2) In the case of a foreign manufactured airplane, the date the 
foreign civil airworthiness authority certifies the airplane is complete 
and issues an original standard airworthiness certificate, or the 
equivalent in that country.

[Amdt. 23-36, 53 FR 30812, Aug. 15, 1988]