[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 31]
[Revised as of July 1, 2007]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR1051.501]
[Page 646-647]
TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
PART 1051_CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM RECREATIONAL ENGINES
AND VEHICLES--Table of Contents
Subpart F_Test Procedures
Sec. 1051.501 What procedures must I use to test my vehicles or engines?
This section describes test procedures that you use to determine
whether vehicles meet the emission standards of this part. See Sec.
1051.235 to determine when testing is required for certification. See
subpart D of this part for the production-line testing requirements.
(a) Snowmobiles. For snowmobiles, use the equipment and procedures
for spark-ignition engines in 40 CFR part 1065 to determine whether your
snowmobiles meet the duty-cycle emission standards in Sec. 1051.103.
Measure the emissions of all the pollutants we regulate in Sec.
1051.103. Use the duty cycle specified in Sec. 1051.505.
(b) Motorcycles and ATVs. For motorcycles and ATVs, use the
equipment, procedures, and duty cycle in 40 CFR part 86, subpart F, to
determine whether your vehicles meet the exhaust emission standards in
Sec. 1051.105 or Sec. 1051.107. Measure the emissions of all the
pollutants we regulate in Sec. 1051.105 or Sec. 1051.107. If we allow
you to certify ATVs based on engine testing, use the equipment,
procedures, and duty cycle described or referenced in the section that
allows engine testing. For motorcycles with engine displacement at or
below 169 cc and all ATVs, use the driving schedule in paragraph (c) of
Appendix I to 40 CFR part 86. For all other motorcycles, use the driving
schedule in paragraph (b) of Appendix I to part 86. With respect to
vehicle-speed governors, test motorcycles and ATVs in their ungoverned
configuration, unless we approve in advance testing in a governed
configuration. We will only approve testing in a governed configuration
if you can show that the governor is permanently installed on all
production vehicles and is unlikely to be removed in use. With respect
to engine-speed governors, test motorcycles and ATVs in their governed
configuration. Run the test engine, with all emission-control systems
operating, long enough to stabilize emission levels; you may consider
emission levels stable without measurement if you accumulate 12 hours of
operation.
(c) Permeation testing. (1) Use the equipment and procedures
specified in Sec. 1051.515 to measure fuel tank permeation emissions.
(2) Prior to permeation testing of fuel hose, the hose must be
preconditioned by filling the hose with the fuel specified in paragraph
(d)(3) of this section, sealing the openings, and soaking the hose for 4
weeks at 23 5 [deg]C. To measure fuel-line
permeation emissions, use the equipment and procedures specified in SAE
J30 (incorporated by reference in Sec. 1051.810). The measurements must
be performed at 23 2 [deg]C using the fuel
specified in paragraph (d)(3) of this section.
(d) Fuels. Use the fuels meeting the following specifications:
(1) Exhaust. Use the fuels and lubricants specified in 40 CFR part
1065, subpart H, for all the exhaust testing we require in this part.
For service accumulation, use the test fuel or any commercially
available fuel that is representative of the fuel that in-use engines
will use.
(2) Fuel Tank Permeation. (i) For the preconditioning soak described
in Sec. 1051.515(a)(1) and fuel slosh durability test described in
Sec. 1051.515(d)(3), use the fuel specified in Table 1 of 40 CFR
1065.710 blended with 10 percent ethanol by volume. As an alternative,
you may use Fuel CE10, which is Fuel C as specified in ASTM D 471-98
(incorporated by reference in Sec. 1051.810) blended with 10 percent
ethanol by volume.
(ii) For the permeation measurement test in Sec. 1051.515(b), use
the fuel specified in Table 1 of 40 CFR 1065.710. As an
[[Page 647]]
alternative, you may use the fuel specified in paragraph (d)(2)(i) of
this section.
(3) Fuel Hose Permeation. Use the fuel specified in Table 1 of 40
CFR 1065.710 blended with 10 percent ethanol by volume for permeation
testing of fuel lines. As an alternative, you may use Fuel CE10, which
is Fuel C as specified in ASTM D 471-98 (incorporated by reference in
Sec. 1051.810) blended with 10 percent ethanol by volume.
(e) Special procedures for engine testing. (1) You may use special
or alternate procedures, as described in Sec. 1065.10 of this chapter.
(2) We may reject data you generate using alternate procedures if
later testing with the procedures in part 1065 of this chapter shows
contradictory emission data.
(3) You may test engines using a test speed based on the point of
maximum power if that represents in-use operation better than testing
based on maximum test speed.
(f) Special procedures for vehicle testing. (1) You may use special
or alternate procedures, as described in paragraph (f)(3) of this
section.
(2) We may reject data you generate using alternate procedures if
later testing with the otherwise specified procedures shows
contradictory emission data.
(3)(i) The test procedures specified for vehicle testing are
intended to produce emission measurements equivalent to those that would
result from measuring emissions during in-use operation using the same
vehicle configuration. If good engineering judgment indicates that use
of the procedures in this part for a vehicle would result in
measurements that are not representative of in-use operation of that
vehicle, you must notify us. If we determine that using these procedures
would result in measurements that are significantly unrepresentative and
that changes to the procedures will result in more representative
measurements that do not decrease the stringency of emission standards
or other requirements, we will specify changes to the procedures. In
your notification to us, you should recommend specific changes you think
are necessary.
(ii) You may ask to use emission data collected using other test
procedures, such as those of the California Air Resources Board or the
International Organization for Standardization. We will allow this only
if you show us that these data are equivalent to data collected using
our test procedures.
(iii) You may ask to use alternate procedures that produce
measurements equivalent to those obtained using the specified
procedures. In this case, send us a written request showing that your
alternate procedures are equivalent to the test procedures of this part.
If you prove to us that the procedures are equivalent, we will allow you
to use them. You may not use alternate procedures until we approve them.
(iv) You may ask to use special test procedures if your vehicle
cannot be tested using the specified test procedures (for example, it is
incapable of operating on the specified transient cycle). In this case,
send us a written request showing that you cannot satisfactorily test
your engines using the test procedures of this part. We will allow you
to use special test procedures if we determine that they would produce
emission measurements that are representative of those that would result
from measuring emissions during in-use operation. You may not use
special procedures until we approve them.
[67 FR 68347, Nov. 8, 2002, as amended at 69 FR 2442, Jan. 15, 2004; 70
FR 40499, July 13, 2005]