[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 31]
[Revised as of July 1, 2007]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR1065.260]

[Page 709]
 
                   TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
 
         CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
 
PART 1065_ENGINE-TESTING PROCEDURES--Table of Contents
 
                    Subpart C_Measurement Instruments
 
Sec.  1065.260  Flame-ionization detector.

    (a) Application. Use a flame-ionization detector (FID) analyzer to 
measure hydrocarbon concentrations in raw or diluted exhaust for either 
batch or continuous sampling. Determine hydrocarbon concentrations on a 
carbon number basis of one, C1. Determine methane and 
nonmethane hydrocarbon values as described in paragraph (e) of this 
section. See subpart I of this part for special provisions that apply to 
measuring hydrocarbons when testing with oxygenated fuels.
    (b) Component requirements. We recommend that you use a FID analyzer 
that meets the specifications in Table 1 of Sec.  1065.205. Note that 
your FID-based system for measuring THC, THCE, or CH4 must 
meet all of the verifications for hydrocarbon measurement in subpart D 
of this part, and it must also meet the linearity verification in Sec.  
1065.307. You may use a FID that has compensation algorithms that are 
functions of other gaseous measurements and the engine's known or 
assumed fuel properties. The target value for any compensation algorithm 
is 0.0% (that is, no bias high and no bias low), regardless of the 
uncompensated signal's bias.
    (c) Heated FID analyzers. For diesel-fueled engines, two-stroke 
spark-ignition engines, and four-stroke spark-ignition engines below 19 
kW, you must use heated FID analyzers that maintain all surfaces that 
are exposed to emissions at a temperature of (191 11) [deg]C.
    (d) FID fuel and burner air. Use FID fuel and burner air that meet 
the specifications of Sec.  1065.750. Do not allow the FID fuel and 
burner air to mix before entering the FID analyzer to ensure that the 
FID analyzer operates with a diffusion flame and not a premixed flame.
    (e) Methane. FID analyzers measure total hydrocarbons (THC). To 
determine nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC), quantify methane, 
CH4, either with a nonmethane cutter and a FID analyzer as 
described in Sec.  1065.265, or with a gas chromatograph as described in 
Sec.  1065.267. Instead of measuring methane, you may assume that 2% of 
measured total hydrocarbons is methane, as described in Sec.  1065.660. 
For a FID analyzer used to determine NMHC, determine its response factor 
to CH4, RFCH4, as described in Sec.  1065.360. Note that 
NMHC-related calculations are described in Sec.  1065.660.