[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 5]
[Revised as of July 1, 2007]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR53.55]
[Page 86-89]
TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
PART 53_AMBIENT AIR MONITORING REFERENCE AND EQUIVALENT METHODS--Table of
Subpart E_Procedures for Testing Physical (Design) and Performance
Sec. 53.55 Test for effect of variations in power line voltage and ambient
temperature.
(a) Overview. (1) This test procedure is a combined procedure to
test various performance parameters under variations in power line
voltage and ambient temperature. Tests shall be conducted in a
temperature-controlled environment over four 6-hour time periods during
which reference temperature and flow rate measurements shall be made at
intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. Specific parameters to be evaluated
at line voltages of 105 and 125 volts and temperatures of -20 [deg]C and
+40 [deg]C are as follows:
(i) Sample flow rate.
(ii) Flow rate regulation.
(iii) Flow rate measurement accuracy.
(iv) Coefficient of variability measurement accuracy.
(v) Ambient air temperature measurement accuracy.
(vi) Proper operation of the sampler when exposed to power line
voltage and ambient temperature extremes.
(2) The performance parameters tested under this procedure, the
corresponding minimum performance specifications, and the applicable
test conditions are summarized in table E-1 of this subpart. Each
performance parameter tested, as described or determined in the test
procedure, must meet or exceed the associated performance specification
given. The candidate sampler must meet all specifications for the
associated PM2.5 or PM10-2.5 method (as
applicable) to pass this test procedure.
(b) Technical definition. Sample flow rate means the quantitative
volumetric flow rate of the air stream caused by the sampler to enter
the sampler inlet and pass through the sample filter, measured in actual
volume units at the temperature and pressure of the air as it enters the
inlet.
(c) Required test equipment. (1) Environmental chamber or other
temperature-controlled environment or environments, capable of obtaining
and maintaining temperatures at -20 [deg]C and =40 [deg]C as required
for the test with an accuracy of 2 [deg]C. The
test environment(s) must be capable of maintaining these temperatures
within the specified limits continuously with the additional heat load
of the operating test sampler in the environment. Henceforth, where the
test procedures specify a test or environmental ``chamber,'' an
alternative temperature-controlled environmental area or areas may be
substituted, provided the required test temperatures and all other test
requirements are met.
(2) Variable voltage AC power transformer, range 100 Vac to 130 Vac,
with sufficient current capacity to operate the test sampler
continuously under the test conditions.
(3) Flow rate meter, suitable for measuring and recording the actual
volumetric sample flow rate at the sampler downtube, with a minimum
range of 10 to 25 actual L/min, 2 percent certified, NIST-traceable
accuracy. Optional capability for continuous (analog) recording
capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes is
recommended. While a flow meter which provides a direct indication of
volumetric flow rate is preferred for this test, an alternative
certified flow measurement device may be used as long as appropriate
volumetric flow rate corrections are made based on measurements of
actual ambient temperature and pressure conditions.
(4) Ambient air temperature recorder, range -30 [deg]C to =50
[deg]C, with a resolution of 0.1 [deg]C and certified accurate to within
0.5 [deg]C. Ambient air temperature measurements must be made using
continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at
intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.
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(5) Barometer, range 600 mm Hg to 800 mm Hg, certified accurate to 2
mm Hg. If the certified flow rate meter does not provide direct
volumetric flow rate readings, ambient pressure measurements must be
made using continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording
at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.
(6) Flow measurement adaptor (40 CFR part 50, appendix L, figure L-
30) or equivalent adaptor to facilitate measurement of sampler flow rate
at the sampler downtube.
(7) Means for creating an additional pressure drop of 55 mm Hg in
the sampler to simulate a heavily loaded filter, such as an orifice or
flow restrictive plate installed in the filter holder or a valve or
other flow restrictor temporarily installed in the flow path near the
filter.
(8) AC RMS voltmeter, accurate to 1.0 volt.
(9) Teflon sample filter, as specified in section 6 of 40 CFR part
50, appendix L (if required).
(d) Calibration of test measurement instruments. Submit
documentation showing evidence of appropriately recent calibration,
certification of calibration accuracy, and NIST-traceability (if
required) of all measurement instruments used in the tests. The accuracy
of flow rate meters shall be verified at the highest and lowest
pressures and temperatures used in the tests and shall be checked at
zero and at least one flow rate within 3 percent
of 16.7 L/min within 7 days prior to use for this test. Where an
instrument's measurements are to be recorded with an analog recording
device, the accuracy of the entire instrument-recorder system shall be
calibrated or verified.
(e) Test setup. (1) Setup of the sampler shall be performed as
required in this paragraph (e) and otherwise as described in the
sampler's operation or instruction manual referred to in Sec.
53.4(b)(3). The sampler shall be installed upright and set up in the
temperature-controlled chamber in its normal configuration for
collecting PM samples. A sample filter and (or) the device for creating
an additional 55 mm Hg pressure drop shall be installed for the duration
of these tests. The sampler's ambient temperature, ambient pressure, and
flow measurement systems shall all be calibrated per the sampler's
operating manual within 7 days prior to this test.
(2) The inlet of the candidate sampler shall be removed and the flow
measurement adaptor installed on the sampler's downtube. A leak check as
described in the sampler's operation or instruction manual shall be
conducted and must be properly passed before other tests are carried
out.
(3) The inlet of the flow measurement adaptor shall be connected to
the outlet of the flow rate meter.
(4) The ambient air temperature recorder shall be installed in the
test chamber such that it will accurately measure the temperature of the
air in the vicinity of the candidate sampler without being unduly
affected by the chamber's air temperature control system.
(f) Procedure. (1) Set up the sampler as specified in paragraph (e)
of this section and otherwise prepare the sampler for normal sample
collection operation as directed in the sampler's operation or
instruction manual.
(2) The test shall consist of four test runs, one at each of the
following conditions of chamber temperature and electrical power line
voltage (respectively):
(i) -20 [deg]C 2 [deg]C and 105 1 Vac.
(ii) -20 [deg]C 2 [deg]C and 125 1 Vac.
(iii) =40 [deg]C 2 [deg]C and 105 1 Vac.
(iv) =40 [deg]C 2 [deg]C and 125 1 Vac.
(3) For each of the four test runs, set the selected chamber
temperature and power line voltage for the test run. Upon achieving each
temperature setpoint in the chamber, the candidate sampler and flow
meter shall be thermally equilibrated for a period of at least 2 hours
prior to the test run. Following the thermal conditioning time, set the
sampler to automatically start a 6-hour sample collection period at a
convenient time.
(4) During each 6-hour test period:
(i) Measure and record the sample flow rate with the flow rate meter
at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. If ambient temperature and
pressure corrections are necessary to calculate volumetric flow rate,
ambient temperature and pressure shall be measured at
[[Page 88]]
the same frequency as that of the certified flow rate measurements. Note
and record the actual start and stop times for the 6-hour flow rate test
period.
(ii) Determine and record the ambient (chamber) temperature
indicated by the sampler and the corresponding ambient (chamber)
temperature measured by the ambient temperature recorder specified in
paragraph (c)(4) of this section at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.
(iii) Measure the power line voltage to the sampler at intervals not
greater than 1 hour.
(5) At the end of each test run, terminate the sample period (if not
automatically terminated by the sampler) and download all archived
instrument data from the test sampler.
(g) Test results. For each of the four test runs, examine the
chamber temperature measurements and the power line voltage
measurements. Verify that the temperature and line voltage met the
requirements specified in paragraph (f) of this section at all times
during the test run. If not, the test run is not valid and must be
repeated. Determine the test results as follows:
(1) Mean sample flow rate. (i) From the certified measurements
(Qref) of the test sampler flow rate, tabulate each flow rate
measurement in units of L/min. If ambient temperature and pressure
corrections are necessary to calculate volumetric flow rate, each
measured flow rate shall be corrected using its corresponding
temperature and pressure measurement values. Calculate the mean flow
rate for each sample period (Qref,ave) as follows:
Equation 11
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR18JY97.073
where:
n equals the number of discrete certified flow rate measurements over
each 6-hour test period.
(ii)(A) Calculate the percent difference between this mean flow rate
value and the design value of 16.67 L/min, as follows:
Equation 12
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR18JY97.074
(B) To successfully pass this test, the percent difference
calculated in Equation 12 of this paragraph (g)(1)(ii) must be within
5 percent for each test run.
(2) Sample flow rate regulation. (i) From the certified measurements
of the test sampler flow rate, calculate the sample coefficient of
variation of the discrete measurements as follows:
Equation 13
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR18JY97.075
(ii) To successfully pass this test, the calculated coefficient of
variation for the certified flow rates must not exceed 2 percent.
(3) Flow rate measurement accuracy. (i) Using the mean volumetric
flow rate reported by the candidate test sampler at the completion of
each 6-hour test (Qind,ave), determine the accuracy of the
reported mean flow rate as:
Equation 14
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR18JY97.076
(ii) To successfully pass this test, the percent difference
calculated in Equation 14 of this paragraph (g)(3) shall not exceed 2
percent for each test run.
(4) Flow rate coefficient of variation measurement accuracy. (i)
Using the flow rate coefficient of variation indicated by the candidate
test sampler (%CVind), determine the accuracy of the reported
coefficient of variation as:
Equation 15
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR18JY97.077
(ii) To successfully pass this test, the absolute difference
calculated in Equation 15 of this paragraph (g)(4) must not exceed 0.3
(CV%) for each test run.
(5) Ambient temperature measurement accuracy. (i) Calculate the
absolute
[[Page 89]]
value of the difference between the mean ambient air temperature
indicated by the test sampler and the mean ambient (chamber) air
temperature measured with the ambient air temperature recorder as:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17OC06.037
Where:
Tind,ave = The mean ambient air temperature indicated by the
test sampler, [deg]C; and
Tref,ave = The mean ambient air temperature measured by the
reference temperature instrument, [deg]C.
(ii) The calculated temperature difference must be less than 2
[deg]C for each test run.
(6) Sampler functionality. To pass the sampler functionality test,
the following two conditions must both be met for each test run:
(i) The sampler must not shutdown during any portion of the 6-hour
test.
(ii) An inspection of the downloaded data from the test sampler
verifies that all the data are consistent with normal operation of the
sampler.
[62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997, as amended at 71 FR 61291, Oct. 17, 2006]