[Code of Federal Regulations] [Title 5, Volume 3] [Revised as of January 1, 2008] From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access [CITE: 5CFR1210.13] [Page 92-93] TITLE 5--ADMINISTRATIVE PERSONNEL CHAPTER II--MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD PART 1210_DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM-- Subpart B_Procedures for Appeals of Actions Taken Under 5 CFR Part 9701, Subpart F Sec. 1210.13 Burden and degree of proof; affirmative defenses. (a) Burden and degree of proof--(1) Agency. Subject to paragraph (b) of this section, the decision of the Department must be sustained if it is supported by a preponderance of the evidence. (2) Appellant. The appellant has the burden of proof, by a preponderance of the evidence, with respect to: (i) Issues of jurisdiction; (ii) The timeliness of the appeal; and (iii) Affirmative defenses. (b) Affirmative defenses of the appellant. The decision of the Department must be sustained where it has met the evidentiary standard stated in paragraph (a) of this section, unless the appellant shows that: (1) There was harmful error in the application of the Department's procedures in arriving at its decision; (2) The decision was based on a prohibited personnel practice described in 5 U.S.C. 2302(b); or (3) The decision was not in accordance with law. (c) Definitions. The following definitions apply to this part: (1) Preponderance of the evidence. The degree of relevant evidence that a reasonable person, considering the record as a whole, would accept as sufficient [[Page 93]] to find that a contested fact is more likely to be true than untrue. (2) Harmful error. Error by the Department in the application of its procedures that is likely to have caused it to reach a conclusion different from the one it would have reached in the absence or cure of the error. The burden is on the appellant to show that the error was harmful, i.e., that it caused substantial harm or prejudice to his or her rights. (d) Efficiency of the service. Pursuant to 5 CFR 9701.606, the Department may take an adverse action under subpart F of 5 CFR part 9701 only for such cause as will promote the efficiency of the service.